武汉市暴雨气候特征分析

利用武汉市东西湖区,蔡甸区,江夏区气象站１９５９￣１９９６年５￣９月降水资料及武汉城区各雨量站,１９８８￣１９９５年５￣９月降水自记资料,统计分析武汉市暴雨、大暴雨时空分布特征及其变化规律,确定武汉市灾害性暴雨标准,其研究结果可为武汉地区暴雨防灾减灾工作提供背景依据。     

枫杨（Pterocarya stenoptera）水浸液周年灭钉螺实验初报

用枫杨的新鲜叶、茎皮、根皮水浸液处理钉螺的周年实验表明;枫杨水浸液对钉的毒杀作用随处理液浓度的增加和处理时间的延长而增大;毒杀作用的大小具有的季节性差异,夏季毒杀效果最好,春,秋季次之,冬季毒杀效果差,枫杨各部位之间灭钉螺作用大小也随季节更替而变化。     

区域生态环境评价中的几个理论问题

提出区域生态环境评价应包括自然生态环境评价与社会生态环境评价,建立了新的评价系统。分析了宏观评价区域生态环境的简明方法——主导因子法,并讨论了主导因子法的应用和研制区域可持续发展目标应注意的问题。从理论上和方法上为研究区域生态环境提出一些新的认识。     

环己酮-水分离新方法的研究

针对工业上传统的蒸馏法分离环己酮－水体系能耗过大的问题,研究了含盐类的复合萃取剂对该体系的萃取分离效果。结果表明,ＬｉＣｌ、ＭｇＣｌ２能明显改变环己酮与水之间的互溶度,大幅度提高复合萃取剂对组分的萃取分配系数和选择性系数,达到分离提纯环己酮的目的。进一步研究了萃取工艺参数对分离效果的影响。经初步热量衡算表明：应用本法分离环己酮－水比传统的蒸馏法节省能耗约２５％。     

微孔介质上气泡形成规律的研究

用激光测试技术对微孔介质上气泡形成规律进行了研究。实验结果表明,在微孔介质上所形成气泡的 Ｓａｕｔｅｒ平均直径随通气量的增大而减小;液相中盐或醇的引入使形成的气泡直径明显减小。使用不同模型的计算结果表明,单一孔上气泡形成模型难以描述微孔介质上气泡形成规律。为了描述微孔介质上气泡形成过程,不仅要考虑孔径减小带来的影响,而且要考虑操作条件及体系性质的变化对实际生成气泡的“有效孔”数目及当量直径等因素的影响。     

液体运动微分方程在叶片泵理论中的应用

本文从水泵有限叶片的真实性出发,假定叶槽宽度不大,讨论的介质为不可压缩的理想液体,其相对运动近似为稳定流(w/y)0的条件下,采用“液体运动微分方程”导证基本能量公式,它与用传统的动量矩原理导证方法相比,能较完满的解释叶槽内产生反旋现象的原因,同时,可以与叶片泵有关基本理论(如相对运动方程、汽蚀运动方程等)紧密结合。     

Self-assembly of highly oriented one-dimensional h-WO3 nanostructures

A new self-assembled and highly oriented one-dimensional single-crystal nanostructure of WO3 with hexagonal form was successfully prepared by a mild, solution-based colloidal approach.     

Use of p-dimethylaminobenzalhyde as a colored reagent for determination of procaine hydrochloride by spectrophotometry

Spectrophotometric determination of procaine hydrochloride is described. The procaine hydrochloride reacts with p-dimethylaminobenzalhyde in glacial acetic acid to form an Schiff base which is a yellow compound, and its maximum absorption wavelength is at 455nm, ₄₅₅=3.46×10⁴. The absorbance for procaine hydrochloride from 0.2 to 15 μg ml⁻¹ obeys Beer's law. The linear regression equation of the calibration graph is C=5.866A−0.02, with a linear regression correlative coefficient is 0.9994 and relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.7%; the detection limit is 0.1 μg ml⁻¹; recovery is from 92.0 to 110.0%. Effects of reaction medium, temperature, gentamycin, beneylpenicillin, kanamycin, streptomycin, foreign ions, and stand for time on the determination of procaine hydrochloride have been examined. The results obtained by this method agreed with those by the official method (dead-stop titration). This method is rapid and simple, and can be used for the determination of procaine hydrochloride in injection solution of procaine hydrochloride.     

Synthesis of quinolines, 2-quinolones, phenanthridines, and 6(5h)-phenanthridinones via palladium[0]-mediated Ullmann cross-coupling of 1-bromo-2-nitroarenes with beta-halo-enals, -enones, or -esters

Palladium[0]-mediated Ullmann cross-coupling of 1-bromo-2-nitrobenzene (1 R = H) and its derivatives with a range of beta-halo-enals, -enones, or -esters readily affords the corresponding beta-aryl derivatives, which are converted into the corresponding quinolines, 2-quinolones, phenanthridines, or 6(5H)-phenanthridinones on reaction with dihydrogen in the presence of Pd on C or with TiCl(3) in aqueous acetone. [reaction: see text]