Highly efficient oxidation of 2-imidazoline-5-carboxylic derivatives to imidazole-5-carboxylic derivatives by dioxygen

A highly efficient and environmental-benign oxidation by dioxygen (or air) as the sole oxidant was first applied for the conversion of 2-imidazoline-5-carboxylic derivatives to imidazole-5-carboxylic derivatives in very good and excellent yields. The substituent effect on 2-imidazoline ring was investigated. This protocol was also suitable for the synthesis of 2-imidazoles in relatively large scale.     

Friedel–Crafts alkylation between chalcone epoxides and heteroarenes induced by triarylaminium salt

Triarylaminium salt was disclosed as a highly efficient nonmetallic initiator for the Friedel–Crafts reaction between chalcone epoxides and heteroarenes to construct a series of complex β-heteroaryl α-ketols in mild conditions and with good yields. Chalcone epoxides were presented as valuable halogen-free pre-electrophile in Friedel–Crafts alkylation through the formation of the stabilized benzylic cation intermediates. A plausible radical cation chain mechanism was also proposed.     

菟丝子拟雌激素部位给药大鼠尿液HPLC图谱建立

应用HPLC技术,筛选菟丝子拟雌激素活性部位给药后大鼠尿液的最佳处理方法,建立含药尿液的HPLC图谱,并且初步分析其尿中成分来源.经过考察,确定尿液样品的处理方法为正丁醇萃取法.含药尿液图谱显示,除内源性成分外有15个成分.实验建立的方法,准确、可靠,可用于菟丝子拟雌激素活性部位在大鼠尿液中的分析.为进一步分析和鉴定菟丝子拟雌激素活性部位入尿的化学成分,阐明其药效物质基础提供依据.     

防崩裂皮环在高强混凝土抗压强度实验中的应用

为防止高强混凝土在抗压强度试验中的崩射伤害作用，在实验的基础上，发明了防崩皮环，从而避免了高强混凝土在试验时向外崩射现象的发生，对实验人员的操作安全，起到了较好的防护作用．     

船用柴油机阻燃式防爆阀的压力降分析

提出一种阻燃式防爆阀的压力降分析方法.通过分析阻燃式防爆阀的结构和工作原理，建立了数值分析模型.借助计算流体力学技术，分析了不同的入口温度和入口压力对阀内压力分布的影响.结果显示，入口温度对阀内压力分布的影响不大，入口压力对阀内的压力分布有影响.拟合不同入口压力时基本单元截面的压力值，得到各截面的压力与入口压力、基本单元数的函数关系.该函数关系能够有效地反映阀内的压力降趋势，计算出各基本单元截面的压力值，从而可以指导具体的阻燃式防爆阀的设计.     

一个新的混合共轭梯度法及其收敛性

共轭梯度方法是求解无约束优化问题的一种有效的方法,特别是在大规模的计算问题中极其有效.提出了在新的线搜索下的一种混合共轭梯度方法,并证明了它的全局收敛性.     

Thermal Behavior of Polypropylene-g-glycidyl Methacrylate Prepared by Melt Grafting

The thermal behaviors of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)-grafted polypropylene (PP) (PP-g-GMA) with two different grafting degrees, namely, GPP1 and GPP2, were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and thermogravimetrical analysis (TGA). DSC results suggested that the GMA grafted PP exhibited higher crystallization temperature T_c, higher melting temperature T_m, and higher crystallinity compared with the neat PP. The isothermal crystallization kinetics was analyzed with the Avrami equation and the total crystallization activation energy was calculated. It was concluded that the crystallization processes of PP and the grafted PP were controlled by nucleation and the values of the crystallization activation energy of PP and the grafted PP were almost identical. POM results suggested that the GMA grafted PP exhibited smaller spherulites size compared with the neat PP. WAXD patterns indicated that the neat PP encouraged the formation of γ phase, compared with the grafted PP, during the crystallization process. DMA results showed that melt grafting did not induce a clear effect on the γ-transition and β-transition of the amorphous phase but resulted in a decrease in mobility of the PP chains in the crystals. TGA curves suggested that the melt grafting slightly improved the thermal stability of PP.     

Preparation and Antibacterial Function of Quaternary Ammonium Salts Grafted Cellulose Fiber Initiated by Fe2 +-H2O2 Redox

The surface contact disinfecting technique is a newly developed method for water sterilization. In this paper, the grafted quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) antibacterial fibers were prepared and designed to apply for the surface contact disinfecting process in water treatment. The antibacterial fibers were directly prepared by grafting methacryloxylethyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DMAE-BC) onto cellulose fiber using thiocarbonate-H₂O₂ redox system. All kinds of factors in the grafting reactions, such as reaction time, reaction temperature, monomer concentration, initiator concentration, which influence the percentage of grafting, were studied and optimized. The modified cellulose fibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope(SEM). The effects of the percentage of grafting of the grafted cellulose fibers on bactericidal activity were also studied. The spread plate method was used to characterize the bactericidal activity. The disinfection process was further investigated by directly observing the morphology of the bacterial cells adsorbed on the antibacterial fibers with SEM and measuring extracelluar total protein concentration in suspension. The poly(DMAE-BC)-grafted cellulose ?ber was found to exhibit particularly high activity against E.coli.