非开挖地下工程施工风险评估

针对非开挖地下工程影响因素的随机性和模糊性特点,采用模糊综合评定法与可信性风险分析方法相结合分析非开挖工程.通过一个工程实例,说明模糊综合评定法可以在一定程度上加深对可能产生风险的认识;最后根据可信性风险分析理论,分析了非开挖工程的总体风险.     

小型LED点阵显示屏实验硬件制作

LED显示屏现在市面上非常流行,本文从实验块的硬件电路出发,讨论了LED点阵显示屏硬件电路的制作,并对实验块进行了成功运行。     

Formation of β‐iPP in isotactic polypropylene/ethylene–propylene rubber blends: Effects of preparation method,composition, and thermal condition

The effects of preparation method, composition, and thermal condition on formation of β‐iPP in isotactic polypropylene/ethylene–propylene rubber (iPP/EPR) blends were studied using modulated differential scanning calorimeter (MDSC), wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), and phase contrast microscopy (PCM). It was found that the α‐iPP and β‐iPP can simultaneity form in the melt‐blended samples, whereas only α‐iPP exists in the solution‐blended samples. The results show that the formation of β‐iPP in the melt‐blended samples is related to the crystallization temperature and the β‐iPP generally diminishes and finally vanishes when the crystallization temperature moves far from 125 °C. The phenomena that the lower critical temperature of β‐iPP in iPP/EPR obviously increases to 114 °C and the upper critical temperature decreases to 134 °C indicate the narrowing of temperature interval, facilitating the formation of β‐iPP in iPP/EPR. Furthermore, it was found that the amount of β‐iPP in melt‐blended iPP/EPR samples is dependent on the composition and the maximum amount of β‐iPP formed when the composition of iPP/EPR blends is 85:15 in weight. The results through examining the effect of annealing for iPP/EPR samples at melt state indicate that this annealing may eliminate the susceptibility to β‐crystallization of iPP. However, only α‐iPP can be observed in solution‐blended samples subjected to annealing for different time. The PCM images demonstrate that an obvious phase‐separation happens in both melt‐blended and solution‐blended iPP/EPR samples, implying that compared with the disperse degree of EPR in iPP, the preparation method plays a dominant role in formation of β‐iPP. It is suggested that the origin of formation of β‐iPP results from the thermomechanical history of the EPR component in iPP/EPR. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 1704–1712, 2007     

论化学武器的危害及其防护

化学武器虽然早已被国际公约禁止,但有些国家并没有放弃研制和生产,国际恐怖组织也在利用化学武器制造恐怖袭击或进行恐怖威胁。因此,充分认识化学武器对人类的危害,做好防护和防范工作具有重要的现实意义。     

浅谈江汉大学图书馆外文文献书目回溯建库

分析了外文书刊书目回溯建库的必要性,介绍了江汉大学图书馆外文书目数据库建设现状,对其外文书刊书目回溯建库提出了几点建议。     

Operator‐splitting method for the analysis of cavitation in liquid‐lubricated herringbone grooved journal bearings

This paper presents an operator‐splitting method (OSM) for the solution of the universal Reynolds equation. Jakobsson–Floberg–Olsson (JFO) pressure conditions are used to study cavitation in liquid‐lubricated journal bearings. The shear flow component of the oil film is first solved by a modified upwind finite difference method. The solution of the pressure gradient flow component is computed by the Galerkin finite element method. Present OSM solutions for slider bearings are in good agreement with available analytical and experimental results. OSM is then applied to herringbone grooved journal bearings. The film pressure, cavitation areas, load capacity and attitude angle are obtained with JFO pressure conditions. The calculated load capacities are in agreement with available experimental data. However, a detailed comparison of the present results with those predicted using Reynolds pressure conditions shows some differences. The numerical results showed that the load capacity and the critical mass of the journal (linear stability indicator) are higher and the attitude angle is lower than those predicted by Reynolds pressure conditions for cases of high eccentricities. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Numerical analysis of the rotating viscous flow approaching a solid sphere

A numerical simulation is performed to investigate the flow induced by a sphere moving along the axis of a rotating cylindrical container filled with the viscous fluid. Three‐dimensional incompressible Navier–Stokes equations are solved using a finite element method. The objective of this study is to examine the feature of waves generated by the Coriolis force at moderate Rossby numbers and that to what extent the Taylor–Proudman theorem is valid for the viscous rotating flow at small Rossby number and large Reynolds number. Calculations have been undertaken at the Rossby numbers (R_o) of 1 and 0.02 and the Reynolds numbers (R_e) of 200 and 500. When R_o=O(1), inertia waves are exhibited in the rotating flow past a sphere. The effects of the Reynolds number and the ratio of the radius of the sphere and that of the rotating cylinder on the flow structure are examined. When R_o ? 1, as predicted by the Taylor–Proudman theorem for inviscid flow, the so‐called ‘Taylor column’ is also generated in the viscous fluid flow after an evolutionary course of vortical flow structures. The initial evolution and final formation of the ‘Taylor column’ are exhibited. According to the present calculation, it has been verified that major theoretical statement about the rotating flow of the inviscid fluid may still approximately predict the rotating flow structure of the viscous fluid in a certain regime of the Reynolds number. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Damage and fracture evaluation of granular composite materials by digital image correlation method

This paper presents the applications of digital image correlation technique to the mesoscopic damage and fracture study of some granular based composite materials including steelfiber reinforced concrete, sandstone and crystal-polymer composite. The deformation fields of the composite materials resulted from stress localization were obtained by the correlation computation of the surface images with loading steps and thus the related damage prediction and fracture parameters were evaluated. The correlation searching could be performed either directly based on the gray levels of the digital images or from the wavelet transform (WT) coefficients of the transform spectrum. The latter was developed by the authors and showed higher resolution and sensitivity to the singularity detection. Because the displacement components came from the rough surfaces of the composite materials without any coats of gratings or fringes of optical interferometry, both surface profiles and the deformation fields of the composites were visualized which was helpful to compare each other to analyze the damage of those heterogeneous materials. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10125211 and 10072002), the Scientific Committee of Yunnan Province for the Program of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete, and the Institute of Chemical Materials, CAEP at Mianyang     

异丙酚用于喉部手术前气管切开的临床观察

目的 观察异丙酚在喉部手术前行气管切开期间应用的可行性及安全性.方法 选择择期喉部手术患者24例,每组12例,随机分为异丙酚组(Ⅰ组)和局麻组(Ⅱ组).Ⅰ组患者在局麻前给予异丙酚1～2 mg/kg缓慢静脉注射,待患者睫毛反射消失、意识丧失后给予1%利多卡因局部浸润再行气管切开.Ⅱ组患者仅在1%利多卡因局部浸润下行气管切开.记录切皮前、切皮时、插管时、插管后1 min、插管后3 min时患者心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)及脉搏氧饱和度(SPO2),观察患者呼吸抑制发生率,燥动发生率及术后遗忘率.结果 切皮时,插管时及插管后1 min,3 min Ⅱ组患者心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)较Ⅰ组患者明显升高,躁动发生率Ⅱ组患者明显高于Ⅰ组患者(P＜0.05),呼吸抑制发生率及脉搏氧饱和度(SPO2)变化无明显差异(P＞0.05).结论 异丙酚用于喉部手术前气管切开安全可行.     

Rod–coil block copolymers: An iterative synthetic approach via living free-radical procedures

A modular approach has been developed for the synthesis of rod–coil block copolymers involving the initial preparation of a macroinitiator based on the rod block followed by the growth of the coil segment with living free-radical procedures. The key feature of this strategy is the utilization of an alkoxyamine group from the beginning of the synthesis, which serves as a solubilizing group and ensures that each rod block contains a single initiating fragment. Using this approach permits block copolymers based on insoluble biphenyl ester oligomers to be conveniently prepared with coil segments that range from styrenes to acrylates to 1,3-dienes. The tendency of the rod segments to crystallize is strongly dependent on the weight fraction of the rod segment and the chemical nature of the coil segment. Rod–coil molecules containing at least 25–35 wt % polystyrene or poly(n-butyl acrylate) coil segments show a two-dimensional hexagonal arrangement of rod aggregates, as characterized by transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering. Polyisoprene block copolymers exhibit a lamellar microstructure with short rigid domains in which the rod units lie in an interdigitated smectic C arrangement. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 3640–3656, 2003