TiO2/Fe2O3异质结薄膜的制备及其光电特性的研究

通过水热法成功在FTO上制得Ti O2/Fe2O3异质结薄膜,采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)分析测试手段对样品的形貌和结构进行了表征。结果表明,Ti O2/Fe2O3异质结是由直径约200~300 nm的Ti O2纳米棒镶嵌着Fe2O3纳米颗粒组成。通过光电流测试,证明Ti O2/Fe2O3异质结的可见光光电转换效率相比Ti O2明显提高,并对Ti O2/Fe2O3异质结的光电转换机理进行了分析。     

A novel electrochemiluminescence glucose biosensor based on platinum nanoflowers/graphene oxide/glucose oxidase modified glassy carbon electrode

A novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor based on platinum nanoflowers (PtNFs)/graphene oxide (GO)/glucose oxidase (GODx) was discovered for glucose detection. PtNFs/GO was synthesized using a nontoxic, rapid, one-pot and template-free method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM techniques. The as-prepared PtNFs/GO with clean surface and multiporous structure was used to assemble GODx to form a glucose biosensor. Based on ECL results, the PtNFs/GO/GODx film-modified electrode displayed a high electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of glucose, which generated hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) to react with the luminol radicals thus enhanced the luminol ECL. Under the optimized conditions, two linear regions of ECL intensity to glucose concentration were valid in the range from 5 to 80 μmol/L (r?=?0.9957) and 80 to 1,000 μmol/L (r?=?0.9909) with a detection limit (S/N?=?3) of 2.8 μmol/L. In order to verify the reliability, the thus-fabricated biosensor was applied to determine the glucose concentration in glucose injection, glucose functional drink, and blood serum. The results indicated that the proposed biosensor presented good characteristics in terms of high sensitivity and good reproducibility for glucose determination, promising the applicability of this sensor in practical analysis.     

3D α-Fe_2O_3/掺氮石墨烯/碳纳米管复合材料及其储锂性能

针对α-Fe2O3负极在充放电过程中存在的体积膨胀及首次库伦效率低等主要问题,本文采用简单的水热法制备出具有三维多孔结构的α-Fe2O3/掺氮石墨烯(N-GNS)/碳纳米管(CNTs)复合材料。XRD,SEM,TEM及XPS等测试结果表明碳纳米管成功插入到掺氮石墨烯片层间,暴露N-GNS表面的晶格缺陷,为α-Fe2O3晶体生长提供了大量成核位点。粒径大小为30~70 nm的α-Fe2O3颗粒均匀锚定于N-GNS/CNTs三维复合碳载体内进行高效储锂反应。电化学测试结果显示,这种三维复合结构有效改善了α-Fe2O3/GNS负极的电化学性能。     

具有三维阵列结构的树枝晶CdS的制备及生长机理研究

采用电沉积和溶剂热相结合的方法,以树枝状金属Cd颗粒为模板和前驱体,在乙二胺溶剂中以六亚甲基四胺(HMTA)为表面修饰剂,制备出具有三维阵列结构的树枝晶CdS。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)结合X射线能谱仪(EDS)等对样品的物相、形貌、元素组分和结构进行了分析。结果表明:在溶剂热反应过程中,当不加入HMTA时,得到的产物是无序的CdS纳米线;而在HMTA的作用下,则生成的是具有三维阵列结构的树枝晶CdS;通过分析溶剂热反应过程中的化学反应,并结合产物形貌演变规律,提出了具有三维阵列结构的树枝晶CdS的形成机理。光催化性能测试表明具有三维树枝晶CdS纳米阵列在可见光照射下表现出良好的光催化活性。     

猪血浆中33种类固醇激素的高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定

建立了猪血浆中雌激素、雄激素、皮质激素、孕激素以及部分违禁添加激素的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。以叔丁基甲醚为提取溶剂,涡旋振荡进行提取,采用Xselect-C18和Extend-C18(3.5μm,2.1 mm×100 mm)色谱柱进行目标物分离,外标法定量。结果表明,33种类固醇激素在其线性浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99;在3个不同浓度下的加标回收率为50.9%~119.5%,相对标准偏差为2.3%~9.8%,定量下限(LOQ)为0.05~40.00 ng/mL。采用所建立方法对北京某大型养猪场所采样品进行检测,共有10种激素被测出。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高、重现性好,可满足对猪血浆中类固醇激素的检测和验证要求。     

Fast and Selective Semihydrogenation of Alkynes by Palladium Nanoparticles Sandwiched in Metal–Organic Frameworks

The semihydrogenation of alkynes into alkenes rather than alkanes is of great importance in the chemical industry. Unfortunately, state-of-the-art heterogeneous catalysts hardly achieve high turnover frequencies (TOFs) simultaneously with almost full conversion, excellent selectivity, and good stability. Here, we used metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) containing Zr metal nodes (“UiO”) with tunable wettability and electron-withdrawing ability as activity accelerators for the semihydrogenation of alkynes catalyzed by sandwiched palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs). Impressively, the porous hydrophobic UiO support not only leads to an enrichment of phenylacetylene around the Pd NPs but also renders the Pd surfaces more electron-deficient, which leads to a remarkable catalysis performance, including an exceptionally high TOF of 13835 h⁻¹, 100 % phenylacetylene conversion 93.1 % selectivity towards styrene, and no activity decay after successive catalytic cycles. The strategy of using molecularly tailored supports is universal for boosting the selective semihydrogenation of various terminal and internal alkynes.     

采煤机自适应记忆切割

针对以往的采煤机记忆切割技术在我国复杂地质条件下不适用的情况,提出了基于模糊控制理论的采煤机自适应记忆切割技术,设计出了采煤机位置、姿态定位系统和采煤机自适应切割模糊控制系统.该系统可以获取采煤机任意位置处的姿态和状态信息,自动跟踪所记忆的切割路径,基于模糊控制理论对是否截割到岩石进行判断并做出最优的处理方案.通过实验室的路径跟踪实验和西安煤矿机械有限公司的自适应调节实验证明:该技术在实现采煤机记忆切割的基础上能够识别出滚筒到切割岩石时的异常状态,并对牵引速度和滚筒高度做自适应调节,能够满足复杂地质条件下对采煤机的控制要求.     

模糊数的一置信指标及其性质

采用水平截集与隶属程度相结合的方法,建立了衡量水平截集可靠程度的水平置信度概念,讨论了水平置信度的分析性质,其基本思想完全可以推广到一般可测论域上的模糊集.这些讨论将为建立更为合理的模糊信息之间的差异度量提取提供一种理论基础,为模糊聚类分析、图象识别、系统评估、质量管理、人文科学等问题的决策过程提供一种有效的工具,同时也可在满足某种置信度要求下确定模糊规划、模糊优化等问题的决策水平.     

论思维的复杂系统模型暨新一代专家系统的设想

在复杂系统研究思想指导下,构建了基于神经元网络结构的复杂系统思维模型,提出以网络节点表示概念,以网络连接表示命题,以网络回路实现知识表达,以网络节点间的时空动力学激发实现演绎推理等思维活动的理论新框架,并以此为基础对新一代专家系统进行了设计。     

一类具有耦合非线性边界流的多孔介质方程组解的整体存在性与爆破(英文)

研究一类具有非线性边界项的多孔介质方程组的半无界问题解的整体存在性和爆破问题.通过构造自相似上下解和利用比较原理得到它的整体存在曲线和临界Fujita曲线,讨论了低阶项系数对解的临界Fujita曲线的影响.