Characteristics of Nd：GdVO4 Laser with Different Nd-Doping Concentrations

We report the properties of a compact diode-pumped continuous-wave Nd：GdV04 laser with a linear cavity and different Nd-doped laser crystals. In a 0.2at.% Nd-doped Nd：GdVO4 laser, 1.54 W output laser power is achieved at 912nm wavelength with a slope efficiency of 24.8% at an absorbed pump power of 9.4W. With 0.3at.% Nd-doping concentration, we can obtain the either single-wavelength emission at 1064nm or 912nm or the dual-wavelength emission at 1064nm and 912nm by controlling the incident pump power. From an incident pump power of 11.6 W, the 1064nm emission between ^4Fa/2 and ^4I11/2 is suppressed completely by the 912nm emission between ^4Fa/2 and ^4I9/2. We obtain 670 mW output of the 912nm single-wavelength laser emission with a slope efficiency of 5.5% by taking an incident pump power of 18.4 W. Using a Nd：GdV04 laser with 0.4at.% Nd-doping concentration, we obtain either the single-wavelength emission at 1064nm or the dual-wavelength emission at both 1064nm and 912nm by increasing the incident pump power. We observe a strong competition process in the dualavelength laser.     

集成光学——理论和工艺学

本书为施普林格出版社出版的《物理学先进教材丛书》中的一卷。这套丛书包含物理学流行和广泛关注的多种专题，也包含对现代物理学研究前沿的介绍。本书介绍光电子学器件及其在集成光学和纤维光学系统中的应用，特别强调这些应用中的物理学及相关的数学等。本书初版于1982年，分别在1984年、1991年和1995年出版第2、3、4版。本书为2002年出版的第5版。     

Global Parametric Sufficient Optimality Conditions for Semi-infinite Discrete Minmax Fractional Programming Problems Involving Generalized （η,ρ）-invex Functions

In this paper,we discuss a large number of sets of global parametric sufficient optimality condi-tions under various gcneralized (η,ρ)-invexity assumptions for a semi-infinite minmax fractional programmingproblem.     

Hilbert Space of Probability Density Functions Based on Aitchison Geometry

The set of probability functions is a convex subset of L1 and it does not have a linear space structure when using ordinary sum and multiplication by real constants. Moreover, difficulties arise when dealing with distances between densities. The crucial point is that usual distances are not invariant under relevant transformations of densities. To overcome these limitations, Aitchison＇s ideas on compositional data analysis are used, generalizing perturbation and power transformation, as well as the Aitchison inner product, to operations on probability density functions with support on a finite interval. With these operations at hand, it is shown that the set of bounded probability density functions on finite intervals is a pre-Hilbert space. A Hilbert space of densities, whose logarithm is square-integrable, is obtained as the natural completion of the pre-Hilbert space.     

A New View on Fuzzy Hypermodules

We describe the relationship between the fuzzy sets and the algebraic hyperstructures. In fact, this paper is a continuation of the ideas presented by Davvaz in （Fuzzy Sets Syst., 117： 477- 484, 2001） and Bhakat and Das in （Fuzzy Sets Syst., 80： 359-368, 1996）. The concept of the quasicoincidence of a fuzzy interval value with an interval-valued fuzzy set is introduced and this is a natural generalization of the quasi-coincidence of a fuzzy point in fuzzy sets. By using this new idea, the concept of interval-valued （α,β）-fuzzy sub-hypermodules of a hypermodule is defined. This newly defined interval-valued （α,β）-fuzzy sub-hypermodule is a We shall study such fuzzy sub-hypermodules and sub-hypermodules of a hypermodule. generalization of the usual fuzzy sub-hypermodule. consider the implication-based interval-valued fuzzy     

The crystal-like anatomical uniformity of the striate cortex

The visual field is topographically mapped onto the primary visual cortex (V1), forming a retinotopic map which is far more detailed for the foveal regions than for the periphery. We found that receptive field (RF) size in monkey V1 increases with eccentricity, and that a 1—2 m² V1 region contains roughly a complete set of machinery necessary to analyze a visual-field area whose size is about that of the RFs of the cells. This allows V1 to be anatomically uniform, and is in sharp contrast with the retina.     

Electronic Properties of Red P-Type Tl2S5 Single Crystals

Single crystals of red Tl2S5 were prepared by a special modified vertical Bridgman and Stockbarger technique.This growth was performed in our laboratory. The influences of temperature on the electrical conductivity, Hall mobility, carrier concentration, and thermoelectric power (TEP) were carried out in the temperature range 277-413K. Throughout these measurements, various physical parameters such as effective mass of charge carriers,carrier mobility, diffusion coefficient, and the relaxation time for both majority and minority carriers were found.     

Optical and Acoustical Frequencies in a Nonlinear Helicoidal Model of DNA Molecules

We compare optical and acoustical frequencies in the Peyrard-Bishop-Dauxois model, i.e. an extended Peyrard-Bishop model, of DNA molecules. We discuss how ratio of those frequencies depends on a value of the harmonic constant of the helicoidal spring K. Also, we suggest that the most favourable mode could be a resonance mode.     

Pre—Separation Axioms in Fuzzifying Topology

1　 IntroductionYing[5,6 ] introduced and elementally developed so called fuzzifying topology with the semanticmethod of continuous valued L ogic.Shen[7] introduced and studied T0 -,T1-,T2 (Hausdorff) -,T3(regularity) -,T4 (normality) -separation axioms in fuzzifying topology.In [3 ]the concepts of thefamily of fuzzifying pre-open sets,fuzzifying pre-neighbourhood structure of a point and fuzzifyingpre-closure are introduced and studied.It is worth to mention that pre-separation axioms are …     

Second Order Nonlinear Evolution Inclusions Ⅰ： Existence and Relaxation Results

This is the first part of a work on second order nonlinear, nonmonotone evolution inclusions defined in the framework of an evolution triple of spaces and with a multivalued nonlinearity depending on both x（t） and x（t）. In this first part we prove existence and relaxation theorems. We consider the case of an usc, convex valued nonlinearity and we show that for this problem the solution set is nonempty and compact in C^1 （T, H）. Also we examine the Isc, nonconvex case and again we prove the existence of solutions. In addition we establish the existence of extremal solutions and by strengthening our hypotheses, we show that the extremal solutions are dense in C^1 （T, H） to the solutions of the original convex problem （strong relaxation）. An example of a nonlinear hyperbolic optimal control problem is also discussed.