Exponential convergence for one dimensional contact processes

The complete convergence theorem implies that starting from any initial distribution the one dimensional contact process converges to a limit ast. In this paper we give a necessary and sufficient condition on the initial distribution for the convergence to occur with exponential rapidity.This work was discussed while the authors were visiting the Nankai Mathematics Institute in Tianjin.Partially supported by the National Science Foundation, the Army Research Office through the Mathematical Sciences Institute at Cornell University, and a Guggenheim fellowship.Research supported by the National Science Foundation of China.     

416例湘西苗族学生手纹研究

<正>皮纹是人体稳定的体表特征.它的各种性状具有遗传特征,种族差异和民族差异,并且在刑侦及其某些遗传性疾病的诊断中起重要作用.为积累我国各民族正常群体的皮纹学参数值,为人类学、遗传学及临床医学等相关研究提供正常对照数据,我们对416例湘西苗族学生的手纹进行了研究,为了对照分析,引用了有关文献.     

切削刀具倒棱刃口挤压力的理论计算

根据试验观察．揭出了刀具刃口带负倒棱时的切削模型。在此模型中,刀具刃口 存在一个“金属死区”。以新模型为基础．采用能量法,对高温、高应变率下刀具刃 口的挤压力进行了理论计算。所做工作的特点是：１）在材料变形分析中计入了挤压 层金属绕过刀具刃口时的过剩变形;２）进行有关材料变形与物理特性的计算时,考 虑了温度与应变率的影响。利用新研制的压电式切削测力仪进行验证试验,其结果表 明,理论计算值与实测数据较好一致。     

钢丝绳断丝定量检测中径向随机晃动误差的补尝

本文论述了钢丝绳断丝定量检测中径向随机晃动误差存在的必然性及该误差对定量检测的影响,基于模拟实验结果,给出了适用于多种类型钢丝绳的V_H-S数学关系式;提出了波形因素的概念与形式,并用软件实现了钢丝绳断丝定量检测中径向随机晃动误差的补偿。     

甘肃洒勒山成速滑坡的基本特征及其形成的动力学机制

本文首先讨论了该滑坡的形态、结构和运动的基本特征,指出:(1)该滑坡可分为特点截然不同的两部分。上滑体,可称为滑动铲部分,滑动时此部分滑体主要沿较陡的滑面发生整体性的转动滑移,垂直位移分量较显著。下滑体,可称为碎屑流部分,滑动时此部分滑体基本上呈近水平的运动;(2)主滑面呈上陡下缓渐转水平的座椅状;(3)滑坡的发展具有“推落式”的特点,上滑体是主动部分,它的突然失稳和下滑是推动下滑体运动的主要动力,(4)此滑坡的产生是斜坡变形累进性发展的结果,滑坡后缘拉裂缝的发展经等速开裂、加速开裂和裂缝闭合等三个阶段,最终导致大滑动。文中根据后缘拉裂缝等速开裂的资料,导出了一个预测滑动发生时间的公式。还根据现场证据进一步分析了造成此类滑坡高速远滑的两个机制:滑动铲机制和碎屑流效应,并根据所提出的机制导出了一个预测此类滑坡最大滑速的公式。     

薄膜介质表面电荷密度测量中探头边缘效应影响的消除

本文提出了二维的探头特性函数的概念,完成了用实验方法测取探头特性函数的工作。提出了利用探头特性函数,从表面电位的分布测量值中消除边缘效应影响的理论和方法,以提高探头对电荷面分布测量的分辨能力。对实验数据经用实测的探头特性函数和消除边缘效应的方法处理后所得的结果是令人满意的。     

THE QUANTUM EFFICIENCY FOR THE INTERPHOTOCONVERSION OF THE BLUE and PINK FORMS OF PURPLE MEMBRANE

When the cations bound to purple membrane are removed it turns blue, and when this blue membrane is irradiated its color changes to pink. Irradiation of pink membrane leads to the reformation of blue membrane. We have determined that the quantum efficiency for the formation of pink membrane from deionized blue membrane is 1.6 ± 0.6 ± 10 ⁴ at 0^oC, pH 5.0. We also found that the quantum efficiency for the back photoconversion, i.e. the formation of blue membrane from pink membrane, is 8.8 ± 1.6 ± 10^-3 at 0^oC, 55 times greater than that of the forward photoconversion reaction. The extinction coefficients of the pink membrane and blue membrane were determined to be 44 500 ± 670 cm^-1 M^-1 at 491 nm and 54 760 ± 830 cm^-1 M ^-1 at 603 nm, respectively, assuming light-adapted purple membrane is 63 000 cm^-1 M ^-1 at 568 nm. The quantum efficiency for forming pink membrane from blue membrane is much lower than that for forming the photointermediate of the blue membrane's photocycle. Their relationship is similar to that of light-adaptation and photocycle of the dark-adapted purple membrane.