A smooth homotopy method for incomplete markets

Mathematical Programming - In the general equilibrium with incomplete asset markets (GEI) model, the excess demand functions are typically not continuous at the prices for which the assets have...     

考虑多种损坏构成特征的沥青路面预防性养护决策方法

由于沥青路面损坏构成的多样性, 相同的路面状况指数(pavement condition index, PCI)可能代表不同的损坏组合. 当多种损坏并存且损坏程度接近时, 用PCI和主导损坏(最严重、扣分最多的路面损坏)难以得到具有针对性的养护对策. 因此, 通过对PCI的深入分析, 明确了主导损坏代表性不足的路段, 以现行预防性养护决策方法为基础, 补充了一种考虑损坏构成特征、更具针对性的决策方法. 以上海城市道路近5年的检测、养护数据为分析基础, 首先利用有序聚类算法将路段按PCI水平分组, 分析了不同阶段路面损坏构成和差异水平; 然后, 针对多种损坏并存且损坏差异不显著的路段, 根据预防性养护的实施效果筛选了能够反映正确预防性养护经验的有效养护路段; 最后, 基于有效养护路段建立并对比分析了2个基于BP(back propagation)神经网络的养护决策模型. 结果表明: 当PCI水平介于优良(84.4~93.0分)时, 不同损坏程度接近, 主导损坏代表性不足; 考虑多种损坏构成特征的BP神经网络模型表现出更高的决策精度, 测试集决策正确率达86.20%, 优于仅考虑主导损坏的模型(58.50%). BP神经网络与传统决策树法结合能够优化沥青路面决策过程, 提高养护对策选取的针对性.     

Majorana Representation for a Composite System

International Journal of Theoretical Physics - The Majorana representation, which provides an intuitive way to represent the quantum state by stars on the Bloch sphere, has drawn considerable...     

Visible light-driven acridone catalysis for atom transfer radical polymerization

Acridone as a new kind of visible light photocatalyst has been developed to catalyze metal free atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The photocatalyst possess low excited state potential as can undergo an oxidative quenching pathway to initiate ATRP of vinyl monomers. Kinetic study and light on/off reaction demonstrate the “living”/controlled nature of the polymerization by light. Block copolymers can be achieved by using PMMA as macroinitiator to reinitiate polymerization of other vinyl monomers, which shows highly preserved Br chain-end functionality in the synthesized polymers. Moreover, the polymerization can be conducted under air atmosphere as most photocatalysts need anaerobic condition, which may give inspiration of further application of this kind of photocatalyst.     

Chiral phase transition and equation of state in chiral imbalance

The chiral phase transition and equation of state are studied within a novel self-consistent mean-field approximation of the two-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. In this newly developed model, modifications to the chemical μ and chiral chemical \begin{document}$\mu_5$\end{document} potentials are naturally included by introducing vector and axial-vector channels from Fierz-transformed Lagrangian to the standard Lagrangian. In the proper-time scheme, the chiral phase transition is a crossover in the \begin{document}$T-\mu$\end{document} plane. However, when \begin{document}$\mu_5$\end{document} is incorporated, our study demonstrates that a first order phase transition may emerge. Furthermore, the chiral imbalance will soften the equation of state of quark matter. The mass-radius relationship and tidal deformability of quark stars are calculated. The maximum mass and radius decrease as \begin{document}$\mu_5$\end{document} increases. Our study also indicates that the vector and axial-vector channels exhibit an opposite influence on the equation of state.     

Enhanced Power Density of Alcohol Biofuel Cell by Polymer-assisted Crosslinks of 3D Graphene on Carbon Paper as the Bioanode

Herein, we successfully construct the 3D biocompatible graphene through crosslinking 2D graphene nanosheet onto carbon fiber paper with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) as anode of the alcohol biofuel cell. Compared with the bioanode without 3D graphene, the current density and output power of PDDA-graphene-ADH bioanode is increased by 23 % and 41 % at a high concentration of ethanol at pH 8.9, suggesting the stabilization role of graphene in enzyme loading. The study provides us a deep analysis on structures and performances of the bioanode incl. electrochemistry, X-ray photoelectron spectra, and atomic force microscopy images, which is significant to develop the new methods to construct 3D porous electrodes in energy conversion device.     

Guaranteed cost positive consensus for multi-agent systems with multiple time-varying delays and MDADT switching

Nonlinear Dynamics - This paper investigates the guaranteed cost positive consensus for linear multi-agent systems (MASs) with multiple time-varying delays and switching topologies. First,...     

Dynamic mechanism of epileptic seizures generation and propagation after ischemic stroke

Nonlinear Dynamics - Epilepsy is the second largest neurological disease which seriously threatens human life and health. The one important reason of inducing epileptic seizures is ischemic stroke...     

微生物肥料发展及作用机理综述

微生物肥料是一种具有特定功能的微生物活体制品,应用于农业生产,通过其中含微生物的生命活动,增加植物养分的供应量、促进植物生长、提高产量、改善农产品品质及农业生态环境。微生物肥料对改善化肥过量施用造成的土壤质地恶化、微生态环境失衡和农产品品质问题具有重要作用。本文就微生物肥料的发展历程及作用机理进行综述,总结了微生物肥料中功能微生物通过在土壤、植物根部定殖,对改变土壤微生物多样性、改善土壤中养分供应状况、释放植物促生长激素、提高土壤酶活性、增强植物系统抗性等方面的作用。分析了目前微生物肥料产业存在的问题,并对其发展方向进行展望,以期为我国微生物肥料的合理应用及产业发展提供依据和参考。     

Viscoelastic properties of ultrathin polycarbonate films by liquid dewetting

A liquid dewetting method for the determination of the viscoelastic properties of ultrathin polymer films has been extended to study thickness effects on the properties of ultrathin polycarbonate (PC) films. PC films with film thicknesses ranging from 4 to 299 nm were placed on glycerol at temperatures from below the macroscopic glass transition temperature (T_g) to above it with the dewetting responses being monitored. It is found that the isothermal creep results for films of the same thickness, but dewetted at different temperatures can be superposed into one master curve, which is consistent with the fact of PC being a thermorheologically simple material. Furthermore, the results show that the T_g of PC thin films is thickness dependent, but the dependence is weaker than the results for freely standing films and similar to literature data for PC films supported on rigid substrates. It was also found that the rubbery plateau region for the PC films stiffens dramatically, but still less than what has been observed for freely standing polycarbonate films. The rubbery stiffening is discussed in terms of a recently reported model that relates macroscopic segmental dynamics with the stiffening. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015 , 53, 1559–1566