硫酸钛为钛源制备二氧化钛的实验条件研究

实验以硫酸钛为钛源、尿素为沉淀剂、聚乙二醇600为分散剂,采用均匀沉淀法制备二氧化钛粉末。主要讨论了影响沉淀形成时间的主要因素:尿素的用量及加入方法、聚乙二醇的用量、以及水浴的温度等。实验结果表明,以硫酸钛为钛源、尿素为沉淀剂、聚乙二醇600为分散剂,采用均匀沉淀法制备二氧化钛粉末最佳反应条件为:在水浴加热343 K条件下,将尿素缓慢滴加到硫酸钛和聚乙二醇600的混合液中,硫酸钛和聚乙二醇600的混合液在磁力搅拌器搅拌时滴加尿素,用硫酸调节pH在1.5~2,保持硫酸钛、尿素和聚乙二醇600的摩尔比1∶12∶0.01。     

PW11Cu/TiO2/SiO2复合膜的制备及可见光催化性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法将Keggin型铜取代的杂多酸盐Na_5PW_(11)O_(39)Cu(II)(PW_(11)Cu)负载于TiO_2/SiO_2表面制备出PW_(11)Cu/TiO_2/SiO_2复合膜可见光催化剂,通过UV-Vis DRS、IR和SEM对其进行了表征,考察了焙烧温度和PW_(11)Cu含量对此复合膜光催化活性的影响。实验结果表明,PW_(11)Cu/TiO_2/SiO_2膜具有良好的可见光吸收活性。复合膜中PW_(11)Cu含量越多,膜的光催化活性越高,而焙烧温度增高会使得光催化活性降低。当PW_(11)Cu的含量为3.0 g(40 wt%),焙烧温度为373 K时,其具有最好的可见光催化活性,在250 W可见光下反应3 h,RhB(10μmol·L~(-1))可以达到100%降解,COD去除率达32%(4 h),经过10次循环实验,催化剂的光催化活性仍保持在93%左右。显示出该复合光催化剂对RhB降解具有高效性和较强的稳定性。     

A corresponding states principle-based equation for the surface tension of Alkenes

This study presents a new formula for the surface tension prediction of alkenes. As a first step, an analysis of the available data of the experimental surface tension data for alkenes was performed. The experimental data were collected, after a careful literature survey, for the following pure fluids: propene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-tetradecene, and 1-pentadecene. Then, the experimental data were regressed with the most reliable semi-empirical correlating methods based on the corresponding state theory existing in the literature. As a final step, an analysis of the available data of the experimental surface tension data for alkenes was performed starting from the two recently proposed equations for the prediction of the surface tension of refrigerants based on the corresponding states principle. To minimize the deviation between the predicted data and the experimental data and to find the optimal equation coefficients for experimental data regression, a (μ + λ)-evolution strategy was adopted. The analysis showed that the equation that gave the best results for the prediction of the surface tension of alkenes was the one with a very limited number of parameters. The finally proposed equation is very simple and gives a noticeable improvement with respect to the existing equations. It is based on the corresponding state principle, containing the acentric factor, the critical temperature, and pressure.     

K_0.5Na_0.5NbO_3纳米材料的表征及其水热生长习性研究

采用水热法在一定条件下合成K0.5Na0.5NbO3(KNN)纳米材料.利用XRF、XRD、SEM、Raman散射光谱和紫外/可见吸收光谱分别对材料的组分、物相、形貌、声子振动模式和光吸收等性质进行了表征.结果显示所合成的KNN材料为正交相钙钛矿结构,能隙约2.93 eV,其室温拉曼光谱与块体相比存在一定蓝移.此外,反应时间对产物形貌影响较大,阶梯状复杂形貌可能是一种聚集生长机制.     

综合勘察手段查明贵州镇胜公路黄果树隧道左线（ZK17＋150-ZK17＋210）段地基情况

黄果树隧道ZK17＋150-ZK17＋210位于贵州省关岭县境内,跨度40m,处于漏斗状落水洞内,由于该段详勘阶段未进行专门勘察,地基情况不明确,成拱后地基下沉导致初级支衬开裂,拱部不断有水下渗,为查明落水洞范围地基岩土构成,在施工阶段进行补充勘察,由于拱内因可塑状粘土塌落物堆积,中部净空不利于架设钻机,挖方掏土会加速地面下沉,在ZK17＋170-ZK17＋200段采用地面物探高密度电法铺助勘察方法解决此难题,效果良好。     

浅析二十世纪上半叶西安地区的美术活动

长期以来人们对“西安美术”历史的关注,首先是汉唐之辉煌,其次是20世纪中期掘起的“长安画派”以及延安时期和建国后的美术。从唐以后到长安画派之前千余年的跨度,其间的书画在陕西文化史、美术史上都少有记载。有如此之丰厚文化传统的地域为什么在书史上记载甚少．不能不引起人们的思考。本文试图通过对二十世纪上半叶西安地区美术活动的疏理与回顾,以期更加深入地了解长安画派之前西安所接受到的传统文化脉络和长安画派背后文化艺术传统的丰厚性,重新勾勒出西安清末至解放前美术发展的历史脉络。     

基于自适应神经模糊推理系统的连续搅拌反应釜系统的改进广义预测控制

连续搅拌反应釜(continuously stirred tank reactor,CSTR)是典型的非线性、大滞后的化工对象。为克服传统控制方法难以建立其机理模型的难点,基于对实际工业现场采集得到的大量输入输出数据,提出采用自适应神经模糊推理系统(adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system, ANFIS)的方法,得到CSTR系统较理想的输入输出关系规则库,即CSTR系统的T-S模糊模型。最后,通过改进的广义预测控制(Jin’s generalized predictive control, JGPC)算法对CSTR系统的浓度进行控制,并与常规的广义预测控制(generalized predictive control,GPC)算法、比例-积分-微分(proportion integral differential,PID)控制算法进行对比,仿真结果显示,JGPC算法的控制效果优于GPC算法和PID控制算法,证明了方法的有效性。     

Development and validation of a rapid and sensitive assay for the determination of anisodamine in 50 μL of beagle dog plasma by LC–MS/MS

A simple, rapid, high‐throughput, and highly sensitive LC–MS/MS was developed to determine anisodamine in a small volume (50 μL) of beagle dog plasma using atropine sulfate as the internal standard. The analyte and internal standard were isolated from 50 μL plasma samples after a one‐step protein precipitation using Sirocco 96‐well protein precipitation filtration plates. The separation was accomplished on a Hanbon Hedera CN column (100 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) and the run time was 4 min. A Micromass Quatro Ultima mass spectrometer equipped with an ESI source was operated in the multiple reaction monitoring mode with the precursor‐to‐product ion transitions m/z 306.0→140.0 (anisodamine) and 290.0→123.9 (atropine) used for quantitation. The method was sensitive with a low LOQ of 0.05 ng/mL, and good linearity in the range 0.05–50 ng/mL for anisodamine (r² ≥ 0.995). All the validation data, such as accuracy, intra‐ and interrun precision, were within the required limits. The method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of anisodamine hydrochloride injection in beagle dogs.     

Flame retardant high density polyethylene optimized by on-line ultrasound extrusion

The effect of on-line ultrasound application by a special static mixer die which promotes extensional flow simultaneously during the single screw extrusion process was thoroughly studied. The proportion of aluminum trihydroxide (ATH) used as flame retardant on high density polyethylene (HDPE) was optimized. The morphological, thermal, flammability, combustion, mechanical and rheological properties of the materials were investigated. The morphological study pointed out that this process is able to strongly reduce the size of ATH particles and improve their dispersion and distribution within the polymer matrix. The addition of zinc borate (ZB) at low concentration (namely 3 phr) showed its well-known synergistic effect in the thermal, oxygen index and fire combustion behavior. According to the UL94 standard, the rating for all materials tested changed from HB to V2, with respect to materials prepared without ultrasound; furthermore a rating V0 was achieved only with the addition of 2 phr organo-clay. Rheological results under simple and small amplitude oscillatory shear flow confirmed the enhanced particle dispersion and finer particle morphology evidenced by larger values of the moduli and by deviations from the semicircular shape observed in the Cole–Cole diagram. Mechanical properties such as Izod impact resistance, tensile strength, strain at break and tenacity were also improved by the on-line ultrasound process. In this work, the appropriate on-line ultrasound extrusion conditions to use the lowest ATH content (30 phr or 21.5 in wt%) were found, rendering HDPE optimized flame retardant materials with improved processability and mechanical properties.