A twelve‐analyzer detector system for high‐resolution powder diffraction

A dedicated high‐resolution high‐throughput X‐ray powder diffraction beamline has been constructed at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). In order to achieve the goals of both high resolution and high throughput in a powder instrument, a multi‐analyzer detector system is required. The design and performance of the 12‐analyzer detector system installed on the powder diffractometer at the 11‐BM beamline of APS are presented.     

Magnetic properties of the compounds N(CH3)4MnIIMIII(CN)6 ·8 H2O(MIII = Mn,Fe)

In the isostructural cyanobridged chain compounds N(CH₃)₄Mn^IIM^III(CN)₆ · 8H₂O high spin Mn(II) ions couple antiferromagnetically to low spin Mn(III) of Fe(III) ions. The Mn^II–Mn^III compound orders ferrimagnetically below T_N = 28.5 ± 1 K. The tetragonal a and b axes are easy ones for the magnetic moments. In the Mn^II–Fe^III compound antiferromagnetic order occurs below T_N = 9.3 K, with spins aligned along the tetragonal c axis. The compound undergoes a meta-magnetic transition from the antiferromagnetic to a ferrimagnetic phase. This occurs at 2 K for a field H_crit ≈ 1.2 T. The temperature dependence of H_crit, which vanishes at T_N, is followed. The tricritical temperature T¹ is ～ 5 K.     

Proximity effects in the palladium-catalyzed substitution of aryl fluorides

[reaction: see text] The aryl fluoride bond has long been considered inert toward Pd-catalyzed insertion reactions. This paper reports for the first time that aryl fluorides bearing an o-carboxylate group can undergo Pd-catalyzed couplings. On the basis of this computational study and subsequent experimental verifications of its predictions, we herein report that such reactions are facilitated by stabilization of the transition state by proximal oxyanions.     

Discrete optimization methods for group model selection in compressed sensing

Mathematical Programming - In this article we study the problem of signal recovery for group models. More precisely for a given set of groups, each containing a small subset of indices, and for...     

A novel and rapid method for the preparation of methyl esters for gas chromatography: application to the determination of the fatty acids of edible fats and oils

A rapid, mild, and convenient transesterification of triglycerides was obtained using 0.2 N-methanolic (m-trifluoro-methylphenyl) trimethylammonium hydroxide. The method yielded results comparable to those obtained using methanolic sodium methoxide.     

Human Cell Atlas and cell-type authentication for regenerative medicine

In modern biology, the correct identification of cell types is required for the developmental study of tissues and organs and the production of functional cells for cell therapies and disease modeling. For decades, cell types have been defined on the basis of morphological and physiological markers and, more recently, immunological markers and molecular properties. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing have opened new doors for the characterization of cells at the individual and spatiotemporal levels on the basis of their RNA profiles, vastly transforming our understanding of cell types. The objective of this review is to survey the current progress in the field of cell-type identification, starting with the Human Cell Atlas project, which aims to sequence every cell in the human body, to molecular marker databases for individual cell types and other sources that address cell-type identification for regenerative medicine based on cell data guidelines.Subject terms: Stem-cell research, Differentiation, Translational research, Classification and taxonomy, Stem-cell differentiation     

Suppression of superconductivity in zinc nanowires by bulk superconductors

Transport measurements were made on a system consisting of a zinc nanowire array sandwiched between two bulk superconducting electrodes (Sn or In). It was found that the superconductivity of Zn nanowires of 40 nm diameter is suppressed either completely or partially by the superconducting electrodes. When the electrodes are driven into their normal state by a magnetic field, the nanowires switch back to their superconducting state. This phenomenon is significantly weakened when one of the two superconducting electrodes is replaced by a normal metal. The phenomenon is not seen in wires with diameters equal to or thicker than 70 nm.