Substrate dependence in aqueous Diels-Alder reactions of cyclohexadiene derivatives with 1,4-benzoquinone

A reactivity difference based on the position of substituents on cyclohexa-1,3- diene was observed for the title reaction. The effect of water as solvent was more distinct for 1-methyl-4-isopropylcyclohexa-1,3-diene than for 2-methyl-5-isopropylcyclohexa- 1,3-diene or non-substituted cyclohexa-1,3-diene. The effect of NaCl (salting-out) and guanidium chloride (salting-in) was also large for 1-methyl-4-isopropylcyclohexa-1,3- diene.     

Fallout of uranium isotopes from the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens

A marked increase in the concentration of²³⁸U in rain was observed at Fayetteville (36 °N, 94 °W), Arkansas, after the 18 May 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens. The fallout of natural uranium observed during the summer months of 1980 can be attributed to the 18 May 1980 events, which ejected an amount of ash material on the order of 4 km³ or about 8·10¹⁵ grams into the atmosphere.²³⁴U and²³⁵U were found to be highly enriched relative to²³⁸U in several rain samples collected at Fayetteville, Arkansas, prior to the volcanic eruption. The anomalous uranium seems to have originated from the Soviet satellite Cosmos-954, which fell over Canada, on 24 January 1978. The effect of the 25th Chinese nuclear test, which occurred on 16 October 1980, on the concentrations of uranium isotopes in rain appears to have been insignificant.     

Plutonium fallout from the nuclear-powered satellite Cosmos-1402

Radiochemical measurements of^239,240Pu were carried out for a total of 57 individual rain and snow samples collected at Fayetteville (36 °N, 94 °W), Arkansas, during the period between November 1984 and June 1986. The results indicate that the fallout of plutonium observed during the past three years is due, primarily, to the nuclear debris originating from the 7 February 1983 burn-up of the nuclear-powered Soviet satellite Cosmos-1402.This investigation was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant ATM 84-07618.     

Effect of the eruptions of Mount St. Helens and El Chichon on the ratios of thorium and uranium isotopes in rain

Marked variations in the ratios of²²⁸Th/²³²Th,²³⁰Th/²³²Th and²³⁸U/²³²Th ratios were observed in rain samples collected at Fayetteville (36°N, 94°W), Arkansas, during 1980 through 1983. These variations are attributed to the fallout from the 1980 and 1982 eruptions of Mount St. Helens and El Chichón volcanoes.This investigation was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant ATM 84-07618.     

Variation of the thorium to uranium ratio in rain: Thorium-230 chronology of the eruptions of Mt. St. Helens and El Chichón volcanoes

Principles of the thorium-230 dating method were applied to the study of thorium and uranium isotopes in a series of rain samples collected at Fayetteville (36°N, 94°W), Arkansas, since 1980. The results indicate that the rainwater contains volcanic ash materials with a wide variety of ages, which were blown up onto the upper stratosphere from the 18 May 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens and the 28 March 1982 eruption of E1 Chichón. These volcanic materials seem to have stayed airborne for a number of years and profoundly affected the global atmospheric inventories of thorium and uranium isotopes.This investigation was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant ATM 84-07618.     

Room-temperature phosphorimetric determination of biogenic indole compounds adsorbed on a thin-layer chromatographic plate

A simple and sensitive method is described for the determination of biogenic indole compounds adsorbed on cellulose or alumina plates for thin-layer chromatography by room-temperature phosphorimetry. The optimum conditions were investigated for 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-acetic acid. The compounds are spotted on the plates, which are then sprayed successively with sodium citrate or sodium acetate, and sodiu iodide solutions. The plates are dried completely under a stream of dry nitrogen, and immediately dipped in molten paraffin. The phosphorescence is stable for at least 3 h even in moist air. The limits of detection for nine biogenic indole compounds tested are between 2 and 300 pmol per sample spot.     

金瓷修复体双材料界面断裂强度有限元分析

建立金瓷修复体双材料界面裂纹扩展的有限元计算模型．首先利用有限元计算得到平面应力条件下裂纹尖端位移场，求出裂尖附近复应力强度因子主导区域内对应点的相对位移，再辅以传统计算方法得到衡量双材料抵抗断裂能力的复应力强度因子K，并利用双材料界面断裂有关理论和基本公式，求得相关的断裂力学参量，对计算结果进行了实验验证．分析表明，金瓷层厚比对金瓷裂纹开裂具有很大的影响，为进一步分析和研究金瓷修复体断裂行为提供了研究方法。     

长江江豚慢性皮肤炎症的初报

报道了刚捕获的营养不良的幼年长江江豚,在人工饲养环境中遭条件致病菌侵袭后,左侧胸鳍脓肿,溃烂,结果导致江豚严重脱水、消瘦.采取隔离观察,灌液和静脉注射左氧氟沙星是治疗的主要手段.     

微波法合成红色长余辉磷光粉CaWO4∶ Eu3+的研究

采用微波法合成了新型红色长余辉发光材料CaWO4：Eu^3＋，并表征了其结构以及激发、发射光谱和余辉衰减曲线．X-射线衍射分析证实其为单相的钨酸钙，用254nm紫外灯激发后，CaWO4：Eu^3＋产生红色长余辉发光，余辉发射归属于Eu^3＋的^5D0到^7FJ（J=0，1，2，3，4）的跃迁。