Study on preparation and properties of polyether polytriazole elastomers

To explore the application of click chemistry in the field of elastomer materials, propargyl-terminated ethylene oxide-tetrahydrofuran copolymer(PTP(E-co-T)) was prepared from hydroxyl-terminated ethylene oxide-tetrahydrofuran copolymer(P(E-co-T)) by end-etherisation modification. FTIR and 13C-NMR results indicate that P(E-co-T)-terminated hydroxyl was etherified thoroughly, yielding the target product PTP(E-co-T), and the content of terminated alkynyl of PTP(E-co-T) was evaluated to be 0.428 mmol·g-1. Using a polyazide compound as a cross-linker, polytriazole elastomers with various functional molar ratio(R) values were prepared from PTP(E-co-T) by virtue of the Cu AAC reaction. Mechanical property tests indicate that with the increase in R, the modulus E and stress σb of the polytriazole elastomers first increase and subsequently decrease, whereas the strain first decreases and later increases. The mechanical properties of the polytriazole elastomers show a parabolic dependence on the R value. Near the stoichiometric ratio, E and σb show maxima and the strain εb shows a minimum. Swelling tests demonstrate that the apparent molecular weight of polytriazole elastomer strands also first decreases and subsequently increases. At the stoichiometric ratio, the network structure possesses strands with a minimum apparent molecular weight and a maximum apparent density. Dynamic mechanical analysis reveals that the polytriazole elastomers presented damping peaks at approximately-64 °C, corresponding to the glass transition of copolyether strands, and the elastomer exhibited the lowest dissipation factor tanδ at the stoichiometric ratio. Thermal analysis suggests that the weight-loss process of the polytriazole elastomer is characteristic of one-step decomposition, and the elastomer begins to decompose from polyether strands, not triazole groups.     

Asymmetric Synthesis of Fully Substituted Cyclopentane‐Oxindoles through an Organocatalytic Triple Michael Domino Reaction

An efficient, highly stereoselective asymmetric synthesis of fully functionalized cyclopentanes bearing an oxindole moiety and several other functional groups in one pot has been developed. Key step is an organocatalytic triple Michael domino reaction forming three C?C bonds and six stereocenters, including a quaternary one. Starting from equimolar amounts of simple substrates, a high molecular complexity can be reached after a Wittig olefination in one pot. The new protocol can easily be scaled up to gram amounts.     

Sr_2CeO_4:Nd~(3+)纳米粒子的合成和近红外发光

采用甘氨酸-硝酸盐燃烧法制备了Sr2CeO4和Sr2CeO4:Nd3+发光纳米粒子。样品的结构及性质采用XRD,TEM,荧光光谱及荧光衰减曲线等进行表征。在1200℃煅烧1h能够得到均匀的类球形Sr2CeO4:Nd3+纳米粒子,其粒径大小为20~40nm,并具有良好的分散性和高效的近红外发光特性。Nd3+合适掺杂浓度为0.15%(摩尔分数)。对Sr2CeO4:Nd3+近红外发光的机制分析表明:通过基质Sr2CeO4吸收紫外光,基团CeO4发生了电荷转移达到激发态,并将激发态能量传递给了Nd3+,从而使Sr2CeO4:Nd3+产生了特征的近红外发射。     

Stereochemical determination of tetrahydropyran-substituted xanthones from fungus Chaetomium murorum

Chaetoxanthone D (1), a new tetrahydropyran-substituted xanthone originated from polyketide pathway, together with the four known natural products chaetoxanthone C (2), alternariol methyl ether (3), alternariol (4) and 2,5-dimethyl-7-hydroxychromone (5) was isolated from a strain of Chaetomium murorum. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by using quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations.     

Determination of five sesquiterpenoids in Xingnaojing injection by quantitative analysis of multiple components with a single marker

A quantitative analysis of multiple components with a single‐marker method was established for the simultaneous determination of five sesqutiterpenoids in Xingnaojing injection. This method was established with Xingnaojing injection determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection. The durability and system suitability of the established method were evaluated, and the reliable relative correction factors were obtained with curdione selected as an internal reference. The contents of the five components in all Xingnaojing injections were determined by external standard method and the contents of curcumenone, curcumenol, curzerenone, and germacrone were also calculated with the obtained relative correction factors. Then, relative error was investigated to estimate the difference of the two methods. As a result, the established new method possesses good adaptability, and there is no significant difference between the two methods, except for the content of curzerenone in eight samples. To put the established method into practice, the limits of quantitation of the established method of the five components were proposed and defined. Thus, the developed methodology can also be utilized to the quality evaluation of Xingnaojing injection, in spite of the difference found in the content of curzerenone between the external standard method and the newly established method.     

原子荧光光谱法测定萤石中的微量铅

以铁氰化钾–盐酸羟胺体系代替铁氰化钾–草酸体系,建立原子荧光法测定萤石中铅含量的方法。对实验条件进行了优化,在负高压280 V,灯电流65 m A,原子化高度8 mm,还原剂3%硼氢化钾溶液(含0.5%Na OH),载流4%盐酸的工作条件下,铁氰化钾–盐酸羟胺体系有明显的增感作用。样品中Ca~(2+)含量在4 g/L之内不影响铅的测定,溶解阶段通过高氯酸冒烟赶尽HF排除氟离子的干扰,并加入硫氰酸钠–邻菲罗啉消除铁和铜等离子的干扰。测定铅的线性范围为0~80 ng/L,相关系数r=0.999 6,方法检出限为0.187μg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.25%~1.40%(n=12),加标回收率为97.8%~104.5%。该方法测定结果与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定结果相符。原子荧光光谱法快速准确,基体干扰少,灵敏度高。     

圆偏振光在手性聚合物合成与结构调控中的应用

手性是自然界中普遍存在的有趣现象之一,在生命体中手性大分子特有的不对称结构在维持生命过程、新陈代谢和进化等面均起着决定性作用.受此启发,合成具有新型结构的光学活性聚合物,研究其独特的物理化学性质和功能已成为当今高分子领域研究的热点.左旋和右旋的圆偏振光已被广泛应用于氨基酸衍生物的不对称光合成、光分解和去消旋化反应,以及诱导含有偶氮苯或三苯胺等特定功能基团的超分子组装体或无机纳米粒子形成稳定螺旋结构.本文详细地介绍了圆偏振光辐照在手性聚合物合成与螺旋结构调控中的应用,初步揭示了圆偏振光的作用机制以及优势,归纳总结了已取得的研究进展,并对圆偏振光在手性聚合物合成与结构调控中的应用及发展进行了简单的评述和展望.     

具有高灵敏性且稳定可重复的正温度系数效应的PVDF/CF导电复合材料

以碳纤维(CF)为填料,聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)为基体,通过熔融共混法制备PVDF/CF导电复合材料.所得复合材料具有显著的正温度系数(PTC)效应,温度上升到聚合物熔点附近时,电阻率对温度变化敏感.在转折温度区间(155.5~171.0oC,(35)(28)15.5oC)内,其体积电阻率的增加速率约为1.3×105?cm K-1.在不同CF含量下,复合材料表现出不同的PTC行为.随着CF含量的增加,其峰值电阻略有下降.高导电粒子含量下,无负温度系数(NTC)效应.在冷却循环过程,导电网络的重构性良好.复合材料即使经过多次热循环,依然表现出良好的PTC特性重现性.     

北京市PM2.5的相关因素研究

选取2016年北京市空气质量指数数据,简述了北京市空气的现状,并根据频率得出PM2.5已经成为北京市空气中的首要污染物的结论.通过计算PM2.5与AQI所监测的其余指标之间的相关程度,进行PM2.5与PM10,CO和NO2的多元回归分析,得到线性回归方程.同时对模型给予改进,建立基于2个主成分的、更为精准的多元回归模型.得出PM10是空气中PM2.5的最主要成因的结论,CO和NO2对PM2.5的影响也不容忽视的结论,对北京市雾霾天气预防提供参考意见.     

Preparation and thermal reliability of <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-butyl stearate/methyl palmitate composite phase change material

In this study, a series of binary mixtures of N-butyl stearate (nBS) and methyl palmitate (MP) were used to produce a novel composite phase change material (CPCM) for potential application in the eastern China, and their thermal properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results of DSC indicated that the mixture consisting of 10 mass% nBS and 90 mass% MP is optimum as the CPCM in terms of the phase change temperature ranges (T _f = 19.74–5.59 °C; T _m = 18.34–33.80 °C) and latent heats (ΔH _f = 176.8 J g^?1; ΔH _m = 189.3 J g^?1). On the other hand, the thermal reliability and chemical stability of the CPCM after 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 and 500 accelerated thermal cycling tests were studied by DSC and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The results demonstrated that the CPCM had good thermal reliability and chemical stability.