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931.
The adsorption of water on a fully hydroxylated silica surface is studied by using density-functional total-energy and molecular dynamics calculations. The (100) surface of beta(alpha)-cristobalite covered by geminal hydroxyls has been taken as the substrate. A well-ordered and stable two-dimensional ice with quadrangular and octagonal patterns of hydrogen bond (H-bond) networks-an ice tessellation-is found on the surface for the first time. With the vibrational recognition, the four water molecules in the quadrangle are found to be bonded by strong H bonds while the quadrangles are connected to each other by weak H bonds. This configuration is the most stable, because all the water molecules are fully saturated with H bonds either to each other or to the surface hydroxyl groups. 相似文献
932.
933.
In conjunction with iodoxybenzene as reoxidant perfluorooctylseleninic acid catalyzes the allylic oxidation of alkenes to enones in trifluoromethylbenzene at reflux in moderate to good yield. After a reductive workup with sodium metabisulfite, the catalyst is recovered by fluorous extraction in the form of bis(perfluorooctyl) diselenide, which, itself, serves as a convenient catalyst precursor. [reaction: see text] 相似文献
934.
Dynamic wave-front correction is applied before each shot on a 100-TW, 30-J/300-fs high-power laser facility by use of an adaptive-optics system. This system allows us to increase the repetition rate of high-energy lasers while maintaining excellent and constant beam focusability with a Strehl ratio of >0.75 despite the amplifiers' not being in thermal equilibrium. The best results in terms of the highest Strehl ratio and intensities are obtained when locking the system on wave-front sensing after pulse recompression. 相似文献
935.
We report electro-optic experiments in liquid crystalline freestanding films of achiral hockey stick shaped mesogens with a straight aromatic core. The material forms two smectic mesophases. In the higher temperature phase, a spontaneous polarization exists in the smectic layer plane and the films show polar switching in electric fields. It is the first example of a ferroelectric phase formed by nearly rodlike achiral mesogens. Mirror symmetry of the phase is spontaneously broken. We propose a molecular configuration similar to a synclinic ferroelectric (C(S)P(F)) high temperature phase and an anticlinic, probably antiferroelectric (C(A)P(A)) low temperature phase. 相似文献
936.
The Brillouin scattering spectrum in a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a partially Ge-doped core is measured with a pump-probe technique at a wavelength of 1320 nm. One main peak and four subpeaks are observed. The main peak has a Lorentzian shape with the bandwidth deltanuB = 66 MHz. Its intensity is six times higher than that from a standard single-mode fiber measured under the same conditions, which is consistent with the ratio of (1/Aeff(PCF))/(1/Aeff(SMF)), where Aeff is the effective area of the fibers. The temperature coefficient for the main peak is 0.96 MHz/degrees C. We believe that the subpeaks are caused by an interaction between light-wave and guided modes of longitudinal acoustic waves in the graded-Ge-doped region, the silica region, and the microstructured cladding. An analysis of the guiding and antiguiding properties of the PCF for acoustic waves is presented. 相似文献
937.
938.
J.P. Zou Y.F. Mei J.K. Shen J.H. Wu X.L. Wu X.M. Bao 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,77(6):855-858
A SiO2 nanoscale island array was fabricated on a Si substrate by using anodic porous alumina as a mask. Transmission electron microscopy observation and the atomic force microscopy pattern show that the arrangement of SiO2 islands has a quasi-hexagonal symmetry. Ge ions with a dose of 1×1017 cm-2 were subsequently implanted into the SiO2 island array to form Ge-related light-emitting centers. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of as-implanted and annealed samples show three PL bands at 370, 400 and 415 nm. Their intensities reach maximums in the sample with an annealing temperature of 700 °C. Spectral analysis suggests that the 370 and 415 nm PL bands arise from Ge-Ge and Ge-Si defect centers, while the 400 nm PL is related to GeO color centers in the SiO2 islands. The existence of these PL bands indicates the formation of a Si-based nanoscale light source array. PACS 78.55.Mb; 42.72.Bj; 68.65.+g 相似文献
939.
Zou Lian Chen Shu-zhen Shi Jing Xiao Bo-xun . School of Electronic Information Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei China . Institute of Changjiang Engineering Geophysical Exploration Wuhan Hubei China 《武汉大学学报:自然科学英文版》2003,8(4):1111-1115
0 IntroductionGroundPenetratingRadar (GPR)isanewandefficientex ploringmeanstodetecttheobjectinshallowsubsurface.Comparedwithotherdetectingmethods,GPRhasmanyadvan tages,suchasquickness,highresolution ,convenientoperationetc.SoGPRisappliedtonationaldefenseandnationaleconomy .IndevelopmentofGPRtechnology ,therecomeforthcontinuous waveradar,FMcontinuous waveradar,andshockpulseradar.Amongoftheseradars,shockpulseradarsendsgreatamplitudeimpulsewithperiodinns,receivingequivalentsamplingtoreali… 相似文献
940.
The effect of nitrogen form on pH and concentration of soluble iron (Fe) in leaf apoplast was investigated in hydrophonically grown sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Frankasol), and the mechanism underlying the improved Fe nutrition by ammonium (NH4) supply was also elucidated. Ammonium supply ameliorated Fe nutrition of plants grown without Fe through decreasing apoplastic pH and increasing soluble Fe concentration in apoplastic fluid of young leaves. The soluble Fe concentration in apoplastic fluid and cell sap of young leaves, and xylem exudates of NH4 fed-plants was higher than that of nitrate (NO3) fed-plants, and no typical Fe-deficiency chlorosis in young leaves was observed in NH4, fed plant without Fe supply. The apoplastic pH was 6.15 and 5.94 in young leaves of Fe-deficient plants fed respectively with NO3 and NH4, while in Fe-sufficient plants, the apoplastic pH was 6.43 with NO3, and 5.50 with NH4 supply. In primary leaves, the apoplastic pH was around 6.25 irrespective of nitrogen form and Fe supply. The pH of xylem exudate was 5.72 in Fe-deficient plants fed with NO3 and 5.49 with NH4. Iron nutrition increased the pH of xylem exudate by 0.27 and 0.16 unit under NO3 and NH4 supply respectively. 相似文献