Variable Separation Approach to Solve Nonlinear Systems

The variable separation approach method is very useful to solving (2 1)-dimensional integrable systems.But the (1 1)-dimensional and (3 1)-dimensional nonlinear systems are considered very little. In this letter, we extend this method to (1 1) dimensions by taking the Redekopp system as a simp!e example and (3 1)-dimensional Burgers system. The exact solutions are much general because they include some arbitrary functions and the form of the (3 1)-dimensional universal formula obtained from many (2 1)-dimensional systems is extended.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定大葱中的10种金属元素

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定不同品种和不同产地大葱中无机元素K、Ca、Na、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、Cr和Cd。结果表明：不同品种和不同产地大葱中所含无机元素差异较大,这为高营养育种和强化营养栽培提供了重要参考依据。该方法的加标回收率为96.74%—107.20%,相对标准偏差（RSD）在0.44%—2.67%之间,具有良好的准确度和精密度。     

Voltage-on-Type RTP Pockels Cell for <Emphasis Type="Italic">Q</Emphasis>-switch of an Er:YAG Laser at 1,617 nm

We report a resonantly diode-pumped electro-optic Q-switched Er:YAG laser operating at 1,617 nm using a voltage-on-type rubidium titanyl phosphate (RTP) Pockels cell as the modulator. The Er:YAG laser operates at a very stable Q-switching mode with a per pulse energy yield of 1.5 mJ and a pulse duration of 114 ns at 1 kHz PRF under an incident pump power of 21.6 W.     

Mott-Hubbard transition of bosons in optical lattices with two-body interactions

In this paper, based on the Bose-Hubbard model with two-body on-site interactions, we study the quantum phase transition between the superfluid state and the Mott-insulator state. With the decoupling approximation, we get the relation between the weak superfluidity and dimensionless chemical potential with different particle number and different dimensionless interaction strength, and the relation between the weak superfluidity and the reciprocal of dimensionless interaction strength with different particle number. We also calculate the corresponding experimental parameters.     

Adsorption of sodium ions and hydrated sodium ions on a hydrophobic graphite surface via cation-π interactions

Using density functional theory computation, we show that sodium ions and hydrated sodium ions can be strongly adsorbed onto a hydrophobic graphite surface via cation-π interactions. The key to this cation-π interaction is the coupling of the delocalized π states of graphite and the empty orbitals of sodium ions. This finding implies that the property of the graphite surface is extremely dependent on the existence of the ions on the surface, suggesting that the hydrophobic property of the graphite surface may be affected by the existence of the sodium ions.     

Synthesis of dimension-tunable ZnO nanostructures via the design of zinc hydroxide precursors

A facile synthesis route is presented to achieve dimension-tunable ZnO nanostructures by the design of zinc hydroxide precursors under the surfactant-free condition. From three types of zinc hydroxide precursors, namely, crystalline Zn(OH)(NO₃)(H₂O) nanobelts, amorphous zinc hydroxides microparticles and soluble Zn(OH)^2-₄\mathrm{Zn}(\mathrm{OH})^{2-}_{4} species, the porous ZnO nanosheets, ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO nanowires can be achieved, respectively. The porous ZnO nanosheets exhibit large polar surface area. Thermal analysis indicates that the crystalline Zn(OH)(NO₃)(H₂O) nanobelts were converted to the porous ZnO nanosheets by in situ lattice reconstruction, which was attributed to the unique fibrous structure of Zn(OH)(NO₃)(H₂O) nanobelts. The as-prepared dimension-tunable ZnO nanostructures have potential applications in solar cells, photocatalysis, novel chemical and biological sensors, etc.     

Surface redox induced bipolar switching of transition metal oxide films examined by scanning probe microscopy

The bipolar resistive switching mechanisms of a p-type NiO film and n-type TiO₂ film were examined using local probe-based measurements. Scanning probe-based current–voltage (I–V) sweeps and surface potential/current maps obtained after the application of dc bias suggested that resistive switching is caused mainly by the surface redox reactions involving oxygen ions at the tip/oxide interface. This explanation can be applied generally to both p-type and n-type conducting resistive switching films. The contribution of oxygen migration to resistive switching was also observed indirectly, but only in the cases where the tip was in (quasi-) Ohmic contact with the oxide.     

考虑意外事件对交通流影响的元胞自动机交通流模型

在NaSh模型的基础上,考虑交通事故和养护路段等意外事件对高速公路交通流的影响,建立了有意外事件影响的在车道管制下的高速公路交通流元胞自动机模型,并进行数值模拟. 研究发现:意外事件对高速公路交通流有明显影响,并且意外事件对交通流的影响在某一密度值范围内尤其明显,且意外事件堵塞点在第一车道比在第二车道对交通流的影响小;同时,在该密度值范围内,意外事件堵塞时间和堵塞路段长度越长,对交通流的影响就越大. 关键词： 元胞自动机 交通流 意外事件     

两种国产新型掺Yb氟化物激光晶体的光谱特性研究

掺Yb氟化物激光材料是继掺Yb氧化物激光材料之后的另一类重要的掺Yb激光材料,已经成为可调谐激光和超快激光领域中研究的热点之一。针对两种国产新型掺Yb的氟化物激光材料：混晶材料Yb∶CaF₂-SrF₂和共掺离子型的单晶材料Yb, Y∶CaF₂,进行了详细的光谱特性比对实验研究。通过荧光比对实验,发现这两类激光材料的荧光光谱完全不同,并分析了不同荧光产生的物理机制。通过吸收率比对实验,讨论了两类材料中的激活离子Yb或共掺离子Y的掺杂浓度对晶体吸收特性的影响,得到了最佳掺Yb离子或共掺Y离子的浓度。利用激光二极管作为泵浦源,实现了这两类新型材料在折叠腔型下的连续激光输出运转,其中对于共掺离子型Yb, Y∶CaF₂晶体是首次实现连续激光运转。通过激光对比实验,获得了两类激光材料(四种样品)的激光输入—输出关系曲线,测量了各自的斜效率和激光光谱特征。通过系统地比较两类激光晶体的吸收率、荧光光谱特性、激光光谱特性以及连续激光运转的阈值功率和斜效率等参数得出以下结论：在四种实验样品中,共掺离子型单晶材料中的3at%Yb, 6at% Y∶CaF₂晶体具有最好的光谱和激光特性,具有良好的应用前景。这些实验结果为进一步提升此类激光材料的性能提供了有益的参考。     

Na_3AlF_6-Al_2O_3系熔盐离子结构的拉曼光谱研究

利用激光共焦拉曼光谱仪测定了不同氧化铝含量的Na3AlF6-Al2O3体系的常温与升温拉曼光谱,通过解析该拉曼光谱总结了其离子结构的种类以及随温度的变化规律,并对相应的拉曼谱峰进行了归属。结果表明当温度升至1173K及以上时,样品开始熔化并出现AlF63-→AlF4-的转化,同时伴有复杂离子的生成。将实验结果与模拟计算结合,发现在氧化铝含量较高的样品中存在络合离子Al2O2F42-。