Photocatalysis: an overview of recent developments and technological advancements

Photocatalysis,which is the catalyzation of redox reactions via the use of energy obtained from light sources,is a topic that has garnered a lot of attention in recent years as a means of addressing the environmental and economic issues plaguing society today.Of particular interest are photosynthesis can potentially mimic a variety of vital reactions,many of which hold the key to develop sustainable energy economy.In light of this,many of the technological and procedural advancements that have recently occurred in the field are discussed in this review,namely those linked to:(1)photocatalysts made from metal oxides,nitride,and sulfides;(2)photocatalysis via polymeric carbon nitride(PCN);and(3)general advances and mechanistic insights related to TiO2-based catalysts.The challenges and opportunities that have arisen over the past few years are discussed in detail.Basic concepts and experimental procedures which could be useful for eventually overcoming the problems associated with photocatalysis are presented herein.     

动态目标跟踪与自动特写快照系统的设计及实现

针对现有动态跟踪和快照系统难以同时满足清晰、可靠、实时、准确的跟踪抓拍要求的缺点,提出了一种复杂度较低的新型实用动态跟踪和快照系统.采用一种快速的混合高斯背景差分法分割出运动目标,并使用投影法实现目标的精确定位;然后采用Kalman滤波与模板匹配的方法,结合摄像机标定结果进行云台控制实现动态跟踪;同时,在PTZ跟踪过程...     

基于PID神经网络自动换挡过程油门调速

提出了一种在AMT换挡过程中运用PID神经网络进行油门调速的方法.通过台架实验,建立了东风康明斯EQB235-20柴油发动机的油门实验模型,同时在Matlab平台上对PID神经网络进行训练,使其输出逼近理想油门实验模型.将训练后的PID神经网络移植入ECU,进行发动机调速实验.实验表明,PID神经网络有响应速度快、鲁棒性好、收敛特性好的特点,提高了车辆的自适应能力.     

基于真假设比例广义推断的多重检验方法

研究了多重假设检验方法的改进问题,基于真假设所占比例的广义推断,利用其广义置信上限对现有的多重假设检验方法进行改进.该方法更好地利用了水平,在功效上有很大提升.采用广义推断方法,即使在假设个数比较小时,也能对真假设所占比例做出较好推断.模拟结果表明,该方法显著提高了传统方法的功效.     

铁氰化钴/铁复合膜修饰电极的制备及应用

采用电化学方法制备了铁氰化钴/铁(Fe/CoHCF)复合膜修饰电极,研究了该修饰电极的电化学性质及其电催化活性,实验表明该复合物不是铁氰化钴与普鲁士蓝(PB)的简单混合物,而是钴、铁共沉积形成的多核铁氰化物.该修饰电极对H2O2具有良好的电化学响应,安培法测定H2O2的线性范围为5.0×10 7～3.7×10 3mol.L 1,检测限(3sb,n=11)为2.0×10 7mol.L 1,灵敏度为44.5μA.(mmol.L 1)1.该法已用于模拟水样中H2O2含量的测定,结果满意.     

维生素C-磷脂复合体抑制LPS诱导小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞氧化应激的研究

 为了比较维生素C-磷脂复合体（VitC-PC）和VitC体外抑制小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞氧化应激的活性,本研究提取小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,在体外培养,用沙门氏菌脂多糖（LPS）诱导氧化应激,分别用不同浓度VitC和VitC-PC进行处理,测定培养液一氧化氮（NO）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、丙二醛（MDA）和细胞内诱导性NO合成酶（iNOS）,以评价细胞炎性反应、细胞膜完整性和脂质过氧化程度。同时静息态腹腔巨噬细胞与不同浓度的VitC或VitC-PC共孵育,测定细胞内VitC浓度,以评价细胞摄取VitC或VitC-PC的效率。结果发现,在高浓度添加VitC时,巨噬细胞摄取VitC-PC的效率高于VitC（P<0.05）,VitC-PC抑制LPS诱导巨噬细胞释放NO、发生脂质过氧化（产生MDA）和细胞膜损伤（LDH泄露）的效率显著高于VitC（P<0.05）。因此,本研究证明VitC-PC比VitC更易进入细胞内部发挥抗氧化作用。     

Fe76Si7.6B9.5P5C1.9合金带的纵向巨磁阻抗效应

利用单辊快淬法制备宽0.35 mm,厚0.033 mm的Fe76Si7.6B9.5P5C1.9非晶薄带,具有明显的纵向巨磁阻抗效应,最大磁阻比达到754%.氮气保护条件下进行热处理的样品,最大阻抗比和灵敏度都有明显提高,440℃退火1 h的样品最大阻抗比达到1 196%,灵敏度为715%/(A·m-1).     

Erratum to: <Emphasis Type="Italic">In vitro</Emphasis> induction of mouse meningeal-derived iPS cells into neural-like cells

The authors report that incorrect figures were included as Figures 4 and 5 in the original publication of this paper. This error occurred during the figure editing process of the publishing company. This information should have been presented as follows:     

Serum levels of perfluorinated compounds in the general population in Shenzhen, China

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have been detected in many environmental matrices, biota, and nonoccupationally exposed populations in China recently. However, little is known about the distribution and levels of various PFCs in the general population living in areas where there is PFC exposure. In the present study, the levels and prevalence of ten target PFCs were determined in 227 serum samples from a population of nonoccupationally exposed individuals in Shenzhen, China. Results indicated that human exposure to PFCs was prevalent in Shenzhen. Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) was the dominant PFC contaminant in the serum samples, with a median concentration of 6.72 ng/mL, followed by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) with a median concentration of 2.07 ng/mL. Other PFCs were detected at much lower concentrations, with median concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 0.87 ng/mL. Statistically, no significant (P>0.05) gender differences were observed for any of the PFCs. Significant (P<0.01) positive correlations were found between age and serum concentrations of the target PFCs, except for perfluorobutane sulfonate (R = 0.16, P = 0.01), perfluorohexanoic acid (R = 0.08, P = 0.22), and perfluoroheptanoic acid (R = 0.11, P = 0.10). Based on the one-compartment pharmacokinetic model, the total daily intakes of PFOA and PFOS for the general population in Shenzhen were calculated as 0.63 and 0.20 ng/kg body weight/day, respectively.     

水稻花期干旱胁迫应答基因Os07g0422100启动子的克隆及鉴定

水稻作为需水量最大的作物之一,对于水分的胁迫异常敏感.对处于花期的水稻进行干旱胁迫处理,利用基因芯片技术筛选出在水稻花穗中特异性表达的应答干旱胁迫的基因Os07g0422100.在对该基因的研究中发现,该基因的表达图谱有较高的专一性,且该基因的启动子属于诱导型启动子,仅在受到干旱胁迫的水稻花穗中表达.利用Os07g04...