同步辐射及其应用

与经典偶极辐射作对比，本文讨论同步辐射的特性及同步辐射在科学技术领域以及工业，医学等方面的一些主要应用。     

激光辐照金属丝产生电子束的发散度

研究了激光辐照金属丝产生电子束的自身磁场对其发散度的影响。通过理论分析和量级估算得到：电子在金属丝附近运动时,同时受到金属丝电场和自身磁场的作用,聚集效应明显;当电子离开金属丝后,空间电荷效应的库仑排斥作用与自身磁场的聚集作用量级相当,近似认为可以保持已经具有的发散度。利用经典轨迹蒙特卡罗方法模拟了该过程,计算结果表明自身磁场可以解释电子束的发散度及其对金属丝长度的依赖关系。     

高空核爆炸碎片云早期扩展规律研究

利用磁流体力学理论建立了描述碎片云运动的壳层模型,采用该模型模拟了美国Starfish高空核爆炸试验碎片云的运动参数,通过与文献模拟结果的比对,验证了所建模型的正确性.针对典型大当量和小当量核爆的不同,重点模拟了千吨级利百万吨级核武器在100,400和1500 km高度爆炸时碎片云运动扩展情况,分析了当量的差异引起的扩展规律的不同.结果表明:高空核爆炸时不同爆炸条件和大气环境对碎片云的扩展规律有着显著的影响,不同方向上碎片云的环境参数差异明显.     

硅量子点发光的激活及其物理模型研究

在真空或惰性气体中制备的硅量子点发光很弱,硅量子点表面被氢较好钝化后的发光也不强.硅量子点表面的硅氧键或硅氮键能破坏这种钝化并在带隙中形成局域电子态,在局域电子态对应的激活中心有很强的发光.可以用这种方式构建发光物质,控制硅量子点表面的键合可获得不同波长的发光.在硅量子点的发光激活处理过程中,退火是很重要的环节.对于硅量子点发光激活的机理,本文给出了相应的物理模型.实验证明,在600和700 nm波长附近观察到了激活硅量子点的受激发光,在1500 nm到1600 nm波长范围观察到了激活硅量子点的较强发光.     

降低表面等离子激元寄生吸收损失的途径研究

从纳米Ag颗粒表面等离子激元光学及表面高能电场特性两方面入手,较为系统地研究了周围介质的导电特性对表面等离子激元的影响.通过对复合薄膜紫外-可见-近红外光谱及表面增强拉曼散射光谱的分析,指出绝缘性的Al₂O₃介质薄膜能够起到良好的表面电场定域效果,且不会引入附加的光吸收损失;而导电性的ITO薄膜则会引入表面价电子的溢出损失,加速了表面电场的衰逝,同时引起长波方向上显著的光吸收损失.研究还表明致密的Al₂O₃介质薄膜能够起到良好的屏蔽作用,且纳米Ag颗粒表面等离子激元特性仅受最近邻材料特性的影响.研究结果为在硅基薄膜太阳电池中实现对纳米Ag颗粒的阻挡、寄生光吸收损失的降低以及表面高能电场的利用,提供了一条有效的解决途径.     

Polarization-modulated analog photonic link with compensation of the dispersion-induced power fading

A novel integrable modulator consisting of a polarization modulator and a polarizer is proposed for constructing a high-performance analog photonic link. By adjusting a polarization controller placed before the modulator, both amplitude modulation and phase modulation with adjustable ratio between them are implemented. This feature is used to shift the peak of the frequency response of a dispersive link to any desired frequency, so the dispersion-induced power fading around the frequency is compensated. A proof-of-concept experiment is performed. The compensation of the dispersion-induced power fading in the proposed analog photonic link increases the spur-free dynamic range as large as 12.5 dB.     

Electric-field control of nonvolatile magnetization in Co40Fe40B20/Pb(Mg(1/3)Nb(2/3))(0.7)Ti(0.3)O3 structure at room temperature

We report a large and nonvolatile bipolar-electric-field-controlled magnetization at room temperature in a Co(40)Fe(40)B(20)/Pb(Mg(1/3)Nb(2/3))(0.7)Ti(0.3)O(3) structure, which exhibits an electric-field-controlled looplike magnetization. Investigations on the ferroelectric domains and crystal structures with in situ electric fields reveal that the effect is related to the combined action of 109° ferroelastic domain switching and the absence of magnetocrystalline anisotropy in Co(40)Fe(40)B(20). This work provides a route to realize large and nonvolatile magnetoelectric coupling at room temperature and is significant for applications.     

Acousto-optic Q-switched self-frequency-doubling Er:Yb:YAl3(BO3)4 laser at 800 nm

Actively Q-switched self-frequency-doubling laser at 800 nm was first reported in an Er:Yb:YAl3(BO3)4 crystal by using an acousto-optical modulator. At incident pump power of 16 W and pulse repetition frequency of 1 kHz, 1600 nm fundamental pulse laser with energy of 130 μJ and width of 170 ns, and self-frequency-doubling 800 nm pulse laser with energy of 20 μJ and width of 96 ns were respectively achieved in a hemispherical resonator end-pumped by a 970 nm laser diode. Pulse characteristics of fundamental and self-frequency-doubling lasers at different pulse repetition frequencies were also investigated.     

Noncontact all-optical measurement of corneal elasticity

We report on a noninvasive and noncontact all-optical method to measure the elasticity of the cornea. We use a pulsed laser to excite surface acoustic waves (SAW) that propagate on the corneal surface, then use a phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography system to remotely record the SAWs from which the corneal elasticity is estimated. In addition, the system is able to provide real-time tomographic images of the cornea being examined, an important consideration for clinical studies. While precisely maintaining a range of intraocular pressures (IOP), a series of measurements is performed on ex vivo intact primate eyes. The measurement results not only demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system to remotely measure the corneal elasticity, but also suggest a strong correlation between the corneal stiffness and the true IOP.