续断生品炮制工艺研究

目的:优选出川续断的最佳工艺。方法:以续断中的川续断皂苷VI为考察指标,对续断工艺中水洗量、水洗时间、浸润水量、浸润时间、干燥温度、切制长度等因素进行考察,采用正交试验优选出续断的最佳工艺。结果:优选出续断最佳工艺为:取8倍量水洗10 min,5倍水浸润2 h,切制成4 mm,在60℃干燥温度下烘干。结论:优选出的续断最佳工艺稳定、可行,为保证续断饮片的质量,确定了水洗量、水洗时间、浸润水量等工艺参数。     

基于组件技术的中国西部水资源地理信息系统的设计与实现

传统的水资源管理信息系统主要是在商用地理信息系统软件平台上开发出来的，其专业应用模型与系统平台之间不能实现无缝集成．鉴于此，笔者设计实现了基于组件式地理信息系统技术的中国西部水资源管理系统，实现了水资源管理模型与地理信息系统之间的有机集成．在ESRI公司生产的地理信息系统组件(MapObiects)基础上，开发出具有通用地理信息系统功能和水资源管理功能的应用型信息系统．在该系统支持下，用户可以实现对水资源进行计算、分析、统计等的常用功能．在Visual Basic开发环境下，利用数据库引擎(ADO)在系统中实现了系统与常用关系数据库的数据通讯．     

基于模糊神经网络的MVB故障诊断算法

针对多功能车辆总线具有随机性和不确定性导致故障诊断准确率较低的问题, 设计一种基于模糊神经网络的MVB故障诊断算法. 首先根据MVB故障类型给出诊断模型, 然后采用减法聚类生成数量较少的模糊规则, 最后采用T-S模糊神经网络对故障进行分类. 在MATLAB环境下对该算法的拟合能力及诊断准确率进行仿真分析的结果表明, 该算法简化了模糊神经网络结构, 有效提高了故障诊断准确率.     

Effect of Thermal Processing on the Metabolic Components of Black Beans on Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with High-Field Quadrupole-Orbitrap High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-field quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QE-MS) histological platform was used to analyze the effects of two thermal processing methods (cooking and steaming) on the nutritional metabolic components of black beans. Black beans had the most amino acids, followed by lipids and polyphenols, and more sugars. Multivariate statistical analysis indicated that heat processing significantly affected the metabolic component content in black beans, with effects varying among different components. Polyphenols, especially flavonoids and isoflavones, were highly susceptible. A total of 197 and 210 differential metabolites were identified in both raw black beans and cooked and steamed black beans, respectively. Cooking reduced the cumulative content of amino acids, lipids, polyphenols, sugars, and nucleosides, whereas steaming reduced amino acid and lipid content, slightly increased polyphenol content, and significantly increased sugar and nucleoside content. Our results indicated that metabolic components were better retained during steaming than cooking. Heat treatment had the greatest impact on amino acids, followed by polyphenols, fatty acids, sugars, and vitamins, indicating that cooking promotes the transformation of most substances and the synthesis of a few. The results of this study provide a basis for further research and development of nutritional products using black beans.     

基于三角形模糊数的非线性T-S模糊系统的峰值点和分量半径优化

单值模糊器是将高维空间中一个实值点映射成该空间上的一个单值模糊集,在构造非线性T-S模糊系统时不仅可克服输入变量的噪声问题,而且能减少模糊推理机设计中的计算量.首先,基于分片线性函数和单值模糊器给出了非线性T-S模糊系统模型;并依据广义三角形的重心坐标公式,对等距剖分论域中的峰值点和分量半径等参数进行了优化;最后,通过模拟实例对系统进行了验证,得到优化后的非线性T-S模糊系统确实有更好的逼近效果.     

苗药八角枫发酵前后抗炎作用比较及有效部位的筛选

目的:初步研究苗药八角枫发酵前后在体内抗炎作用并筛选其抗炎有效部位。方法:采用"固态发酵"法炮制苗药八角枫获得发酵炮制品,采用小鼠棉球肉芽肿抗炎试验,探讨八角枫炮制前后80%醇提物及其不同极性萃取物的抗炎作用。结果:八角枫发酵前后抗炎试验中,与模型组比较,无辅料发酵组抑制率为23.23%(P<0.01),生品组抑制率为21.21%(P<0.01),有辅料发酵组抑制率为33.33%(P<0.01)。八角枫发酵前后各极性部位抗炎试验中,与模型组比较,生品乙酸乙酯组抑制率为30.56%(P<0.01),生品正丁醇组抑制率为21.30%(P<0.01),生品总提物组抑制率为20.37%(P<0.01),辅料发酵品总提物抑制率为21.30%(P<0.01),发酵后各极性部位均有抗炎作用,但不显著。结论:采用"固态发酵"法炮制苗药八角枫,能够提高其体内抗炎作用。其生品乙酸乙酯部位为抗炎作用的有效部位,发酵后,有效部位发生改变,研究结果为进一步探讨该民族药发酵炮制作用机理提供重要依据。     

一种CO2的矿化封存新方法

针对目前CO2矿化封存的研究现状,提出了一种新的CO2矿化封存方法:利用CO2和NH3反应生成三聚氰酸固体,并考察了温度、压力、反应物配比及有无催化剂对三聚氰酸收率的影响。当反应条件为在250℃,22MPa,NH3与CO2反应配比为1∶1.4,反应8h时,最高收率可达到68.3%。此项技术能够与现在工业成熟的富氧燃烧技术联用,实现对CO2的永久性封存,具有经济效益。     

Synthesis of Chemical Modified β-cyclodextrin and its Inclusion Behavior in Alcohol/Water Mixed Solvents

Abstract

The chemical modified β-cyclodextrin(CD), which bears a fluorophore group — N,N-dimethylamino-chalcone (DMAC), was synthesized. The self-inclusion behavior of this compound in aqueous solution and in alcohol/water mixed solvents was investigated in detail, and compared with the inclusion system of non-modified CD with free DMAC molecule. The results showed that a deep self-inclusion complex was formed for this compound in aqueous solution and had the ability to recognize different organic molecules by two fully different modes: “in-out” and “co-inclusion” mechanisms. The inclusion behavior of these systems in various ratio of alcohol/water mixture as solvents was investigated. The results indicated that the self-inclusion complex has a higher stability in alcohol/water mixed solvents than that in the case of non-modified CD. The chalcone group appended at β-CD enabled the host as a sensitive probe to study the inclusion behavior of CD.     

基于MXenes的功能纤维的制备及其在智能可穿戴领域的应用

在电子信息和物联网技术的推动下,人类对可穿戴电子器件和智能织物的需求愈发突出,功能纤维作为智能可穿戴设备的重要载体,近年来获得快速发展。功能纤维的性能很大程度上取决于纤维的基础构筑单元。过渡金属碳/氮化物(MXenes)作为一种新兴的二维材料,凭借其高电导率、优异的可加工性能、可调节的表面特性以及出色的机械强度等优点,受到了极大的关注,也逐渐成为构筑功能纤维的重要单元。本文将主要综述MXenes的湿化学、熔融盐、无氟试剂刻蚀等方法和力学、电学、光学和化学稳定性等性能,阐述基于该材料制备的功能纤维在传感、储能以及其他智能领域的应用,最后讨论了基于MXenes材料的功能纤维的未来应用前景和技术挑战。