致密碎屑岩气藏地震频变特征主控因素定量分析

利用地震频变属性进行深层致密碎屑岩气藏含气性检测是重要攻关方向,但是影响地震频变特征的的因素有很多,有必要对控制因素进行定量分析。本文以东营凹陷民丰地区实际地质情况为约束,利用地震正演模拟技术,对影响致密碎屑岩气藏频变特征的埋深、岩性、储层厚度等因素进行了定量分析,并且利用实际地震资料对地震频率变化率和日产气量进行了对比分析。分析表明: 对于埋深较大的深层致密碎屑岩气藏,埋深、地层韵律性、岩性等因素对地震频变特征影响较小,储层厚度和含气性是影响地震频变特征的主要因素,地震频率变化率与日产气量具有较好的相关性。针对某一具体目的层,储层厚度在一定范围内变化时,可以使用地震频变特征预测储层含气性。     

Turning the Tap: Conformational Control of Quantum Interference to Modulate Single‐Molecule Conductance

Together with the more intuitive and commonly recognized conductance mechanisms of charge‐hopping and tunneling, quantum‐interference (QI) phenomena have been identified as important factors affecting charge transport through molecules. Consequently, establishing simple and flexible molecular‐design strategies to understand, control, and exploit QI in molecular junctions poses an exciting challenge. Here we demonstrate that destructive quantum interference (DQI) in meta‐substituted phenylene ethylene‐type oligomers (m‐OPE) can be tuned by changing the position and conformation of methoxy (OMe) substituents at the central phenylene ring. These substituents play the role of molecular‐scale taps, which can be switched on or off to control the current flow through a molecule. Our experimental results conclusively verify recently postulated magic‐ratio and orbital‐product rules, and highlight a novel chemical design strategy for tuning and gating DQI features to create single‐molecule devices with desirable electronic functions.     

碳基钙钛矿太阳能电池的研究进展

由于具有成本低、工艺简单等优点,有机-无机杂化太阳能电池(PSCs)的研究和发展受到了广泛的关注,光电转换效率也快速提升到与传统晶体硅太阳能电池相当的水平。 然而,PSCs稳定性差的问题严重限制了其商业化。 在各种PSCs中,基于碳电极的无空穴传输层器件(C-PSCs)去除了影响稳定性的有机空穴传输层和金属电极,使得器件稳定性得到了明显的提高,是最具有应用前景的电池器件之一。 自从2013年首次报道以来,C-PSCs的各方面研究取得了很大的进展,效率也从最初的6.6%提高到现在的15.9%。 本综述将系统地介绍C-PSCs的最新研究进展,包括器件结构和工作原理、各部分研究进展(电子传输层、钙钛矿薄膜和碳电极),以及存在的问题和解决方案。     

Transient Optical Characteristics of Broad Absorption Band Excitons Modulated by Micro-cavity

The understanding of light-matter interaction within micro-cavity lays the basic groundwork for many future photon-related technologies and applications. We prepared low quality metal-insulator-metal(MIM) micro-cavity consisting massive two-level broad absorption band dye(Nile Red) excitons, which randomly dispersed in SU-8 polymer negative resist matrix and measured their optical characteristics. New binate transmission peaks with large energy separation(so-called Rabi-splitting phenomenon) and their angular anti-crossing behavior in consequence of the interaction between dye excitons and confined photons were observed. It was also confirmed that the separated energy can be tuned by changing the doped exciton concentrations. Time-resolved transient absorption measurements showed that such an interaction is indeed a coherent one but rather a strong coupling one and one can modulate such a coherent mechanism by easily adjusting the detuning between dye excitons and confined cavity photons. This work may provide a comprehensive and deep understanding for such massive broad absoprtion band excitons-doped MIM micro-cavities and represent a further step to realize optical cavity-modulated devices in future.     

古龙南凹陷葡萄花油层储集空间及主控因素

针对松辽盆地古龙南地区葡萄花油层优质储层主控因素不清的问题,研究了古龙南地区葡萄花油层含油储层的岩石学特征、孔隙类型、面孔率特征及葡萄花优质储层孔隙发育的主要影响因素。研究结果表明,古龙南地区葡萄花含油储层发育原生粒间孔、粒间溶蚀扩大孔、粒内溶孔、晶间孔、微裂缝等多种孔隙,溶蚀孔隙占总孔隙的57.4%。不同沉积微相的孔隙类型及面孔率存在差异,席状砂的孔隙最发育,以碳酸盐胶溶孔和长石溶孔为主;水下分流河道砂体次之,河口坝砂体的原生孔隙和溶蚀孔面孔率分别为7.42%和5.33%;天然堤和决口扇砂体的孔隙相对最不发育。沉积作用、胶结作用和有机酸的溶蚀作用是控制古龙地区葡萄花油层优质储层发育的主要因素,刚性物质含量高、结构成熟度高有利于原生孔隙的发育和保存,长石、碳酸盐等易溶物质含量高有利于溶蚀孔发育,溶蚀作用是储层物性改善的最重要因素。     

Magnetic properties of Fe0.95Pd0.05 nanowire arrays

Fe_0.95Pd_0.05 nanowires were fabricated by the electrodeposition in porous anodic aluminum oxide templates and post-annealed at 300–700 °C. Transmission electron microscopy observations demonstrated the isolated nanowires to have polycrystalline structure. Magnetic measurements, however, showed improvement of both coercivity and squareness with the addition of 5 at% Pd in the Fe nanowires as well as proper annealing temperatures of about 500 °C.     

Organic Polymer Dots as Photocatalysts for Visible Light‐Driven Hydrogen Generation

For the first time, organic semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) based on poly[(9,9′‐dioctylfluorenyl‐2,7‐diyl)‐co‐(1,4‐benzo‐{2,1′,3} thiadiazole)] (PFBT) and polystyrene grafting with carboxyl‐group‐functionalized ethylene oxide (PS‐PEG‐COOH) are introduced as a photocatalyst towards visible‐light‐driven hydrogen generation in a completely organic solvent‐free system. With these organic Pdots as the photocatalyst, an impressive initial rate constant of 8.3 mmol h^?1 g^?1 was obtained for visible‐light‐driven hydrogen production, which is 5‐orders of magnitude higher than that of pristine PFBT polymer under the same catalytic conditions. Detailed kinetics studies suggest that the productive electron transfer quench of the excited state of Pdots by an electron donor is about 40 %. More importantly, we also found that the Pdots can tolerate oxygen during catalysis, which is crucial for further application of this material for light‐driven water splitting.     

SbxSn1-xO2固溶体系电学性能与导电机制研究

本文报道以均匀共沉淀法制得Sb_xSn_1-xO₂体系半导体气敏材料,研究了固溶体组成与电导的变化规律,并对导电机制进行了讨论。结果表明:x<0.30时均可生成固溶体。微量Sb(x=0.04)的掺入即能提高SnO₂电导一个数量级,在x≤0.04区间电导都呈上升趋势,其后一直到固溶范围内随着X增加,电导反而缓慢下降。根据体系中存在的Sb°_Sn和Sb′_Sn两种缺陷,讨论了其电导变化和导电机制。认为平衡Sb°_Sn+2e′=Sb′_Sn对上述导电机制起决定作用。XPS分析对Sb⁵⁺、Sb³⁺的含量进行了确认,交流阻抗谱的测试结果从另一角度对电导行为加以证实。     

一种快速水声目标波达方向估计方法

以基追踪为重构算法的水声目标波达方向估计方法在实际的应用中往往运算速度较慢,针对这一问题,在分析水声目标空间稀疏特性的基础上,结合压缩感知理论框架下波达方向估计的特点,提出一种快速水声目标波达方向估计方法。该方法通过逐步减小逼近参数的方式来得到l₀范数最优解,实现水声目标信号的波达方向估计。通过计算机仿真从成功率、运算时间、分辨角度等多个方面与基追踪算法进行比较分析,实验表明:在成功率和分辨角度上所提出算法与基追踪算法性能相当,但运算时间却仅仅是基追踪算法的1/11。     

Enantioselective oxysulfenylation and oxyselenenylation of olefins catalyzed by chiral Brønsted acids

This paper describes Brønsted acid catalyzed enantioselective oxysulfenylation and oxyselenenylation of olefins. Enantiomerically enriched tetrahydrofurans are formed with up to 63% ee with dibenzoyl-d-tartaric acid and its derivatives as catalyst. Chiral β-carboxyl sulfides and selenides have also been obtained with up to 50% and 84% ee, respectively, via enantioselective desymmetrization of thiiranium and seleniranium ions in the presence of catalytic amounts of chiral binaphthol derived N-triflyl phosphoramide.