La4(P2O7)3：Ce,Gd,Tb磷光体的合成与光谱性质

本文首次采用溶液沉淀法合成了一系列La4(P2O7)3;Ce,Gd,Tb磷光体.经X射线分析表明,它们属于纯的La4(P2O7)3相。测定了这些化合物的激发和发射光谱、相对亮度及Ce3+的发光寿命,观察到在此基质中Ce3+与Gd3+的光谱重叠,它们之间存在着一定的相互作用,使(La0.64Ce0.3Gd0.064(P2O7)3的亮度比(La0.7Ce0.34(P2O7)3和(La0.94Gd0.064(P2O7)3有少许增加.此外,Ce3+能有效地敏化Tb3+9,从而大大增强Tb3+的发射.然而,Gd3+与Tb3+共存时存在着竞争吸收和独自发射,使(La0.80Gd0.06Tb0.144(P2O7)3的亮度与单掺的(La0.86Tb0.144(P2O7)3相比有少许降低.相应地在Ce,Gd和Tb共掺时,由于Gd3+的影响,使Tb3+的发射减弱,从而总的发光相对亮度有所降低。     

Single nanoparticle imaging and characterization of different phospholipid-encapsulated quantum dot micelles

Phospholipid quantum dot (QD) micelles have been extensively used as fluorescent tags in single nanoparticle imaging for biomedical imaging. In this work, the microscopic structures and photophysical properties of the phospholipid QD micelles were studied at the single nanoparticle level. Two commonly used types of phospholipid QD micelles were prepared and tested both on a solid-phase surface and in liquid phase, including 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-encapsulated QD micelles (DSPE-QDMs) and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000]-encapsulated QD micelles (PEG-DSPE-QDMs). Their fluorescence intensities and diffusion trajectories were determined by a total internal reflection fluorescence-based single nanoparticle imaging platform and comparatively analyzed carefully. It was demonstrated that DSPE-QDMs possessed a comparably wider intensity distribution and lower diffusion coefficient than that of PEG-DSPE-QDMs. PEG-DSPE-QDMs exhibited an obvious fluorescent intermittence. The results suggested that for most of the DSPE-QDMs, more than one QD were encapsulated in a single micelle. On the other hand, only one QD was embedded in a single micelle of PEG-DSPE-QDMs for most of the cases. Such variances suggested that phospholipids play a key role in the fabrication of the QD micelles. This work provides a useful foundation for their further biomedical applications.     

Regioselective C–S bond formation accomplished by copper-catalyzed regioselective C–F substitution of perfluoroarenes with aryl thioacetates or benzyl thioacetate

Practical and straightforward method for regioselective C–S bond formation accomplished by copper-catalyzed regioselective C–F substitution of electron-deficient perfluoroarenes with aryl thioacetates or benzyl thioacetate has been developed. Because of its high reaction efficiency, good chemoselectivity and regioselectivity, and excellent functional-group compatibility, this protocol provides a useful and operationally simple access to polyfluoroaryl thioethers used for drugs and material chemistry.     

Decompression-induced disorder to order phase transition in low-melting ionic liquid [OMIM][PF6]

In situ pressure-induced Raman spectral changes of 1-octyl-3-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate （[OMIM][PF6]） have been investigated under the pressure up to 5.86 GPa at room temperature. The results indicated that [OMIM][PF6] experienced a phase transition at about 4.12 GPa during compression, and it was thought as a phase transition of liquid to a superpressurized glass. Upon decompression, from the obvious change of Raman spectra of [OMIM][PF6] at about 0.48 GPa, it could be inferred that a decompression-induced disorder to order phase transition in [OMIM][PF6] occurred. The phase behavior of [OMIM] [PF6] at low temperature under atmospheric pressure was also investigated in detail. The result showed that Raman spectra of [OMIM][PF6] varied slightly and no crystallization occurred upon cooling. These facts suggested that a disorder to order phase transition was induced by decompression in [OMIM][PF6], and [OMIM][PF6] served as a superpressurized glass under the pressure above 4.12 GPa, which was similar to the glassy state at low temperature.     

三维空时多波束方法在抗混响中的应用

根据混响散射元空间分布的特点,分析了方位角给定后混响谱展宽程度随距离的变化规律,指出在近距离处混响谱展宽严重。针对混响信号的空时特性,对空时多波束(STMB)处理方法进行了改造和扩展,提出了三维STMB方法,用来进行运动声呐混响的抑制。采用仿真混响数据对提出的算法进行了检验,结果表明,在数倍于海深的检测距离内,三维STMB方法能够取得比STMB和常规方法更好的检测效果。     

无长链天然卟啉的LB膜制备与光谱研究

本工作对无长链天然血卟啉(HP),原叶啉(PP)和卟啉C行进了LB膜的成膜探索,制备了单层、多层以及与硬脂酸、卵磷脂混合后的复合LB膜.对它们进行了紫外——可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱和时间分辨荧光光谱的研究,发现在LB膜中荧光寿命是一个很好的表征手段.     

直流偏场和温度联合作用下第Ⅱ类哑铃畴的自崩灭

实验研究了第Ⅱ类哑铃畴(ⅡD)在直流偏场和温度联合作用下的自崩灭现象,发现第Ⅱ类哑铃畴的自崩灭存在一个与材料参量有关的自崩灭的偏场范围,并且该范围的上下限是温度的递减函数.此外,实验表明ⅡD的自崩灭过程是VBL链的突然解体,这为进一步研究直流偏场作用下VBL的消失机制提供了线索.     

枣树截干换冠更新复壮丰产技术试验研究

吕梁现有枣林面积约13万hm2,其中50～70年生大龄枣树38 733 hm2,这部分枣树由于植株衰老、树冠残缺、主干心材腐烂、病虫害成灾,失去了利用价值,急需更新复壮改造后方可恢复产量和效益。