Surface Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles as a Selective Sorbent for Affinity Fishing of PPAR-γ Ligands from Choerospondias axillaris

Coronary heart disease (CHD), which has developed into one of the major diseases, was reported to be treated by the target of peroxisome proliferators-activate receptor γ (PPAR-γ). As a natural medicine long used in the treatment of CHD, there are few studies on how to screen the target active compounds with high specific activity from Choerospondias axillaris. To advance the pace of research on target-specific active compounds in natural medicines, we have combined magnetic ligand fishing and functionalized nano-microspheres to investigate the active ingredients of PPAR-γ targets in Choerospondias axillaris. The PPAR-γ functionalized magnetic nano-microspheres have been successfully synthesized and characterized by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The specificity, reusability, and reproducibility of the nano-microspheres were investigated with the help of the specific binding of rosiglitazone to PPAR-γ. In addition, the incubation temperature and the pH of the buffer solution in the magnetic ligand fishing were optimized to improve the specific adsorption efficiency of the analytes. Finally, with the aid of ultraperformance liquid chromatography plus Q-Exactive Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS/MS), the 16 active ligands including 9 organic acids, 5 flavonoids, and 2 phenols were found in the ethanolic extracts of Choerospondias axillaris. Therefore, the study can provide a successful precedent for realizing the designated extraction and rapid isolation of target-specific active ingredient groups in the complex mixtures.     

声波团聚净化尿素造粒塔尾气实验研究*

尿素造粒塔大多采用水洗工艺处理尾气粉尘,存在较为严重的细颗粒粉尘溢出和水汽拖尾问题,因此深入探究声波团聚技术在造粒塔尾气处理方面的应用。通过实验研究了声波与喷雾对除尘效率的影响,发现声波单独作用时在3500 Hz达到最佳除尘效率,为74.49%,协同喷雾时2600 Hz即可实现相近的除尘效率,为73.83%。进一步探究其中机理,采用以粒径测试为依据的团聚效率作为评价指标,结果显示,2600 Hz声波与喷雾单独作用时团聚效率分别为30.37%和28.82%,协同作用时团聚效率大幅提升至57.95%。该研究可为后续造粒塔工程改造提供理论与数据支持。     

Synthesis of PNIPAAm-g-P4VP Microgel as Draw Agent in Forward Osmosis by RAFT Polymerization and Reverse Suspension Polymerization to Improve Water Flux

Microgels have unique and versatile properties allowing their use in forward osmosis areas as a draw agent. In this contribution, poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) was synthesized via RAFT polymerization and then grafted to a poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) crosslinking network by reverse suspension polymerization. P4VP was successfully obtained by the quasiliving polymerization with the result of nuclear magnetic resonance and gel permeation chromatography characterization. The particle size and particle size distribution of the PNIPAAm-g-P4VP microgels containing 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt% P4VP were measured by means of a laser particle size analyzer. It was found that all the microgels were of micrometer scale and the particle size was increased with the P4VP load. Inter/intra-molecular-specific interactions, i.e., hydrogen bond interactions were then investigated by Fourier infrared spectroscopy. In addition, the water flux measurements showed that all the PNIPAAm-g-P4VP microgels can draw water more effectively than a blank PNIPAAm microgel. For the copolymer microgel incorporating 20 wt% P4VP, the water flux was measured to be 7.48 L∙m⁻²∙h⁻¹.     

N-Butyrylated Hyaluronic Acid Achieves Anti-Inflammatory Effects In Vitro and in Adjuvant-Induced Immune Activation in Rats

Previously synthesized N-butyrylated hyaluronic acid (BHA) provides anti-inflammatory effects in rat models of acute gouty arthritis and hyperuricemia. However, the mechanism of action remains to be elucidated. Herein, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities of BHA and the targeted signaling pathways were explored with LPS-induced RAW264.7 and an adjuvant-induced inflammation in a rat model. Results indicated that BHA inhibited the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6, reduced ROS production and down-regulated JAK1-STAT1/3 signaling pathways in LPS-induced RAW264.7. In vivo, BHA alleviated paw and joint swelling, decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in paw tissues, suppressed gene expressions of p38 and p65, down-regulated the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways and reduced protein levels of TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6 in joint tissues of arthritis rats. This study demonstrated the pivotal role of BHA in anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation, suggesting the potential clinical value of BHA in the prevention of inflammatory arthritis and is worthy for development as a new pharmacological treatment.     

润叶加料工序料液有效利用率的计算方法

为在生产过程中实现对料液有效利用率进行在线监测,把握料液有效利用率的实际情况,寻找提高料液有效利用率的方法,通过对润叶加料入口物料状态、料罐料液状态及润叶加料出口物料状态进行研究,分析出口流量、流量稳定时间、料液实际质量、加料前物料质量、含水率以及生产时间的关系,建立了润叶加料料液有效利用率的计算方法,并将该方法计算得到的有效利用率与1, 2–丙二醇作为标记物的方法进行F检验。结果表明:料液有效利用率的计算值与测量值之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),计算结果可代表实测值。该方法可应用于料液有效利用率的在线监测,为润叶加料工序的工艺优化,设备缺陷改进,过程料液吸收情况等提供数据支持。     

Characterization of Roasting Time on Sensory Quality,Color, Taste,and Nonvolatile Compounds of Yuan An Yellow Tea

Roasting is crucial for producing Yuan An yellow tea (YAYT) as it substantially affects sensory quality. However, the effect of roasting time on YAYT flavor quality is not clear. To investigate the effect of roasting time on the sensory qualities, chemical components, odor profiles, and metabolic profile of YAYTs produced with 13 min roasting, 16 min roasting, 19 min roasting, 22 min roasting, and 25 min roasting were determined. The YAYTs roasted for 22 min got higher sensory scores and better chemical qualities, such as the content of gallocatechin (GC), gallocatechin gallate (GCG), free amino acids, solutable sugar, meanwhile the lightness decreased, the hue of tea brew color (b) increased, which meant the tea brew got darker and yellower. YAYTs roasted for 22 min also increased the contents of key odorants, such as benzaldehyde, nonanal, β-cyclocitral, linalool, nerol, α-cedrol, β-ionone, limonene, 2-methylfuran, indole, and longiborneol. Moreover, non-targeted metabolomics identified up to 14 differentially expressed metabolites through pair-wise comparisons, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, sucrose, and critical metabolites, which were the main components corresponding to YAYT roasted for 22 min. In summary, the current results provide scientific guidance for the production of high quality YAYT.     

Phosphorylation of ERK-Dependent NF-κB Triggers NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediated by Vimentin in EV71-Infected Glioblastoma Cells

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a dominant pathogenic agent that may cause severe central nervous system (CNS) diseases among infants and young children in the Asia-pacific. The inflammasome is closely implicated in EV71-induced CNS injuries through a series of signaling pathways. However, the activation pathway of NLRP3 inflammasome involved in EV71-mediated CNS injuries remains poorly defined. In the studies, EV71 infection, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and activation of NLRP3 are abolished in glioblastoma cells with low vimentin expression by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockdown. PD098059, an inhibitor of p-ERK, remarkably blocks the vimentin-mediated ERK1/2 phosphorylation in EV71-infected cells. Nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 is dependent on p-ERK in a time-dependent manner. Moreover, NLRP3 activation and caspase-1 production are limited in EV71-infected cells upon the caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) administration, an inhibitor of NF-κB, which contributes to the inflammasome regulation. In conclusion, these results suggest that EV71-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome could be activated via the VIM-ERK-NF-κB pathway, and the treatment of the dephosphorylation of ERK and NF-κB inhibitors is beneficial to host defense in EV71-infected CNS.     

Anisotropic Superconducting Properties of Kagome Metal CsV_3Sb_5

We systematically measure the superconducting(SC) and mixed state properties of high-quality CsV_3 Sb_5 single crystals with T_c～3.5 K.We find that the upper critical field H_(c2)(T) exhibits a large anisotropic ratio of H_(c2)~(ab)/H_(c2)~c～9 at zero temperature and fitting its temperature dependence requires a minimum two-band effective model.Moreover,the ratio of the lower critical field,H_(c1)~(ab)/H_(c1)~c,is also found to be larger than 1,which indicates that the in-plane energy dispersion is strongly renormalized near Fermi energy.Both H_(c1)(T) and SC diamagnetic signal are found to change little initially below T_c～3.5 K and then to increase abruptly upon cooling to a characteristic temperature of ～2.8 K.Furthermore,we identify a two-fold anisotropy of in-plane angular-dependent magnetoresistance in the mixed state.Interestingly,we find that,below the same characteristic T～2.8 K,the orientation of this two-fold anisotropy displays a peculiar twist by an angle of 60° characteristic of the Kagome geometry.Our results suggest an intriguing superconducting state emerging in the complex environment of Kagome lattice,which,at least,is partially driven by electron-electron correlation.     

结构动力数值分析的时频域转换算法研究

研究地震波激励信号及结构响应之间在时频域上的数值对照关系,对于结构动力分析方法的深入发展,及先进时域算法的频域考题验证均有重要意义.首先从理论上公式推导了复数域傅里叶频谱求解方法与实数域三角函数频谱求解方法之间的等价条件,从而在离散傅里叶变换之外,找到了一种可求解时程曲线针对任意频率点频谱的三角函数频谱算法.并针对阻尼体系的动力响应分析,进行了频域与时域算法在激励输入与结构响应领域的转换关系的解析推导,为结构动力响应求解提供了一种新思路.最后,以多质点的阻尼体系的动力响应分析为例数值验证了该方法的有效性.     

Interlayer engineering of molybdenum disulfide toward efficient electrocatalytic hydrogenation

Electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) enables the sustainable production of chemicals under ambient condition;however,suffers from serious competition with hydro...