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991.
Demetrio Pitea Laura Bonati Elena Collina Ugo Cosentino Marina Lasagni Giorgio Moro Roberto Todeschini 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1994,348(1-2):111-120
Summary The role of multivariate analysis methods in evaluating, rationalizing, and working out complex environmental problems is discussed. The discussion is organized in two sections; a literature analysis of the application of chemometric methods to PCDD/PCDF data interpretation and source correlation and a review of the role of chemometric methods in analysing the results obtained by the Authors studying PCDD/PCDF formation and destruction mechanisms in MSW combustion processes. 相似文献
992.
The photochemistry of dibenzo-1,4-dioxin (7) and 2,3,7,8-tetramethyldibenzo-1,4-dioxin (15) — both of which have the parent ring system of the well-known enrimental contaminant dioxin— has been studied in aqueous solution and in selected organic solvents. It is shown that a novel intramolecular photorearrangement is the major mode of reaction for 7 and the exclusive reaction for 15, giving rise to observable (by UV—Vis spectrophotometry) intermediate 2,2′-biphenylquinones. Subsequent reduction by the organic co-solvent gives rise to 2,2′-biphenols as major or exclusive product. Thus, photolysis of these compounds generates oxidizing agents in the biphenylquinones. Photolysis in the presence of added NaBH4 resulted is greatly enhanced yields of biphenols along with more than 90% material balance. These findings have relevance to dioxin photodecomposition, which can be used as a method for its destruction. 相似文献
993.
E. M. S. Castanheira J. M. G. Martinho 《Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. A, Chemistry》1994,80(1-3):151-156
Solvatochromic shifts of pyrene (Py) and naphthalene (Np) excimers were obtained in polar and non-polar solvents. The observed shifts for both excimers are explained by changes in the polarizability between the excimer and the dissociative ground state. The magnitudes of the shifts in the pyrene excimer are larger, indicating that the pyrene excimer is more polarizable than the naphthalene excimer. 相似文献
994.
Sam I. Ahonkhai
Andreas N
llePeter Behr
Horst Heydtmann 《Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. A, Chemistry》1994,80(1-3):389-392Experimental results are presented of a Fourier transform IR product study at 298 K of the reaction system CFO+O2 at oxygen pressures between 3 and 250 mbar. Pulsed photolysis of oxalyl fluoride (CFO)2 or formyl fluoride (CHFO) at 193 nm was used to produce CFO. As stable products we detected bis-fluoroformyl peroxide, carbonyl fluoride and carbon dioxide. The yields of the peroxide and of CF2O were measured as a function of [O2]/[precursor] and are discussed qualitatively. 相似文献
995.
Dai Lu David Rutledge Milan Kovacevic Jon Hacker 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》2002,23(5):693-704
This paper presents an active patch array designed at 24 GHz. It can be used as a front-end component for a phased array. A series resonant array structure is chosen which is compact and easy excite. With 5 elements, the array proved a 12-dB antenna gain. A power amplifier and a low noise amplifier are designed on a single GaAs chip (PALNA). Bias switch is used in the PALNA, which greatly reduces the switch loss in a transceiver and increases the efficiency. 20-dB small signal gain is achieved in both power amplifier and low noise amplifier. The active patch array is built by the combination of the patch array and PALNA. The measured active gain of this antenna is 35-dB for the PA mode and 31-dB for the LNA mode. This active patch array can obtain an EIRP of 34 dBm with a total radiated power of 22dBm and a maximum PAE of 32%. To check the noise performance, we applied sources at both normal temperature and 77K (liquid nitrogen) and extracted the noise figure (3.5 dB) of the active antenna by the Y factor method. The results proved that the active antenna is working efficiently as both a transmitting and receiving antenna. 相似文献
996.
997.
998.
E. Waidmann H. Emons H. W. Dürbeck 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1994,350(4-5):293-297
Within the framework of the German Environmental Specimen Bank program, Tl, Cu, Pb, Cd and Zn were determined in homogenized materials from the limnic environment using Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry (IDMS) with thermal ionization. The analytical procedures which were developed for the trace metal analysis of bioindicator and sediment samples are described in detail. Results obtained in bream, mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) and sediments of Lake Constance/Estuary of Constance in the sampling years 1981, 1985, 1988, 1990, 1992 and 1993 are discussed and compared with those of bream from the lakeland district of Born-hoeved/Lake Belau and from the River Saar as well as from reference materials. 相似文献
999.
1000.
M. M. Eisl B. M. Reichl S. D. Böhmig H. Störi 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1994,349(1-3):194-196
Using a discrete model for the segregation kinetics based on the Darken theory of diffusion and on the regular solution model (RSM), one and two dimensional simulations of interface segregation in binary and ternary systems have been performed. The aim of the calculations was to investigate the kinetics of segregation sequences in ternary systems, the segregation kinetics in discrete systems during the initial phase and finally the kinetics of surface segregation in the region of a grain boundary intersected by the surface. 相似文献