Polypyrrole Shell@3D‐Ni Metal Core Structured Electrodes for High‐Performance Supercapacitors

Three‐dimensional (3D) nanometal films serving as current collectors have attracted much interest recently owing to their promising application in high‐performance supercapacitors. In the process of the electrochemical reaction, the 3D structure can provide a short diffusion path for fast ion transport, and the highly conductive nanometal may serve as a backbone for facile electron transfer. In this work, a novel polypyrrole (PPy) shell@3D‐Ni‐core composite is developed to enhance the electrochemical performance of conventional PPy. With the introduction of a Ni metal core, the as‐prepared material exhibits a high specific capacitance (726 F g^?1 at a charge/discharge rate of 1 A g^?1), good rate capability (a decay of 33 % in C_sp with charge/discharge rates increasing from 1 to 20 A g^?1), and high cycle stability (only a small decrease of 4.2 % in C_sp after 1000 cycles at a scan rate of 100 mV s^?1). Furthermore, an aqueous symmetric supercapacitor device is fabricated by using the as‐prepared composite as electrodes; the device demonstrates a high energy density (≈21.2 Wh kg^?1) and superior long‐term cycle ability (only 4.4 % and 18.6 % loss in C_sp after 2000 and 5000 cycles, respectively).     

运用Actigraph GT3X三轴加速度传感器测量成年及老年男性人群步行的信效度研究

评价Actigraph GT3X三轴加速度传感器测量中国男性人群典型体力互动信效度,开发基于中国人群步行活动模式的GT3X三轴加速度传感器能耗推算方程。方法受试对象包括青年组(21.92±1.14岁),老年组(55.5±4.52岁)。受试者佩戴GT3X三轴加速度传感器,在跑台上分别完成3km/h(慢走)、4.5km/h(正常步行)、4.5km/h10%(上坡步行)、6km/h(快走)以及7.5km/h(慢跑)速度的走跑运动各5min。受试者佩戴COSMED K4b2便携式代谢测试仪,并将GT3X三轴加速度传感器佩戴于髋部,同步采集心肺功能仪及加速度传感器数据。结果根据受试对象4种无坡度走跑运动推导出线性方程MET=0.000653*counts(Axis1)+2.345521以及线性方程MET=0.000689*counts(VM)+1.640721,但其相关系数不高;GT3X+三轴加速度传感器记录上坡步行(4.5km/h10%)运动与无坡度运动(4.5km/h)相比,三轴counts及VM均显示有差异性(P<0.05),但counts增加率远低于MET增加率;GT3X+三轴加速度传感器两次重复测试,pearson值高,即离散程度低。结论本研究推导垂直轴(Axis1)、三轴矢量和(VM)的线性方程,为中度相关,误差值较大,且上坡运动时的GT3X+三轴加速度传感器记录counts值与MET值呈非线性相关,提示Actigraph GT3X三轴加速度传感器能耗推算方程可根据不同运动方式、运动强度推算相对应方程;Actigraph GT3X三轴加速度传感器测量我国成年及老年男性人群步行活动其信度较高。     

Tuning the Basicity of Cyano‐Containing Ionic Liquids to Improve SO2 Capture through Cyano–Sulfur Interactions

A new approach has been developed to improve SO₂ sorption by cyano‐containing ionic liquids (ILs) through tuning the basicity of ILs and cyano–sulfur interaction. Several kinds of cyano‐containing ILs with different basicity were designed, prepared, and used for SO₂ capture. The interaction between these cyano‐containing ILs and SO₂ was investigated by FTIR and NMR methods. Spectroscopic investigations and quantum chemical calculations showed that dramatic effects on SO₂ capacity originate from the basicity of the ILs and enhanced cyano–sulfur interaction. Furthermore, the captured SO₂ was easy to release by heating or bubbling N₂ through the ILs. This efficient and reversible process, achieved by tuning the basicity of ILs, is an excellent alternative to current technologies for SO₂ capture.     

Hierarchical structure observation and nanoindentation size effect characterization for a limnetic shell

In the present research, hierarchical structure observation and mechanical property characterization for a type of biomaterial are carried out. The investigated biomaterial is Hyriopsis cumingii, a typical limnetic shell, which consists of two different structural layers, a prismatic "pillar"structure and a nacreous "brick and mortar" structure. The prismatic layer looks like a "pillar forest" with variationsection pillars sized on the order of several tens of microns.The nacreous material looks like a "brick wall" with bricks sized on the order of several microns. Both pillars and bricks are composed of nanoparticles. The mechanical properties of the hierarchical biomaterial are measured by using the nanoindentation test. Hardness and modulus are measured for both the nacre layer and the prismatic layer, respectively.The nanoindentation size effects for the hierarchical structural materials are investigated experimentally. The results show that the prismatic nanostructured material has a higher stiffness and hardness than the nacre nanostructured material.In addition, the nanoindentation size effects for the hierarchical structural materials are described theoretically, by using the trans-scale mechanics theory considering both strain gradient effect and the surface/interface effect. The modeling results are consistent with experimental ones.     

Additive Hermitian idempotent preservers between operator algebras

Let L be an additive map between (real or complex) matrix algebras sending $n\times n$ Hermitian idempotent matrices to $m\times m$ Hermitian idempotent matrices. We show that there are nonnegative integers $p,q$ with $n(p+q)=r\le m$ and an $m\times m$ unitary matrix U such that$L(A)=U[(I_p?A)\oplus (I_q?A^t)\oplus 0_{m?r}]U^{?},\text{for any}n\times n\text{Hermitian}A\text{with rational trace}.$ We also extend this result to the (complex) von Neumann algebra setting, and provide a supplement to the Dye-Bunce-Wright Theorem asserting that every additive map of Hermitian idempotents extends to a Jordan ?-homomorphism.     

高校图书馆流通服务常见问题及对策

阐述了高校图书馆流通部工作中常见的实际问题,提出了提升高校图书馆流通服务质量的对策,包括馆员坚持终身学习、加强书库管理、提高馆员咨询服务能力、要使馆员熟悉操作软件、要加强领导对流通工作的重视等。