Mixed-valent diruthenium diphosphonate with kagomé structure

This paper reports the first example of diruthenium phosphonate with kagomé structure, namely, [NH3(CH2)4NH3][Ru2(hedpH(0.5))2].2H2O (hedp = 1-hydroxyethylidenediphosphonate). The compound contains kagomé layers that are linked by very strong hydrogen bonds into a nanoscale kagomé structure. Ferromagnetic interactions are mediated between the paramagnetic diruthenium units.     

LC–MS Determination and Pharmacokinetic Study of a Novel Sulfonylurea: Potential Hypoglycemic Agent in Rat Plasma

To support preclinical pharmacokinetic investigation of 1-[4-[2-(4-bromobenzene-sulfonaminoethyl)phenylsufonyl]-3-(trans-4-methylcyclohexyl)urea (G004), a rapid, sensitive and specific high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC–ESI-MS) method was developed and validated. Glibenclamide was employed as internal standard. After liquid–liquid extraction the analyte was analyzed on a Kromasil C₁₈ column (150 × 2.0 mm i.d.) with a mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile–water (0.05% acetic acid), 30:70 (v/v). The flow rate was 0.2 mL min⁻¹. Detection was performed on a quadrupole mass spectrometer using an electrospray ionization interface and the selected-ion monitoring (SIM) mode. The retention time was about 3.5 and 4.2 min for Glibenclamide and G004, respectively. The assay was linear over the concentration range of 2.0–500.0 ng mL⁻¹. Extraction Recovery of G004 in rat plasma was more than 87%. The intra- and inter-assay precision was lower than 11.5% (CV). This validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetics of G004 in rats.     

数字图像测量技术及在隧道室内模型试验中的应用

首先按照数字图像技术分析基本原理差异,对数字图像相关（DIC）、粒子图像测速（PIV）等二维数字图像测量方法在隧道模型试验中的应用现状、技术发展以及基本原理进行梳理。进一步,对三维测量方法的原理及在隧道模型试验中的应用潜力进行分析。最后,通过黄土地层盾构隧道的掘进模拟试验,对数字图像测量技术在隧道模型试验中的应用进行示范。结果表明：DIC、数字照相变形量测（DPDM）等非接触测量方法以照片上点的相关性判断各点的位移,使用场景更偏向于室内试验道路、桥梁、隧道、基础、河坝、钢结构、钢混结构等土建结构的变形监测中;而PIV分析可测量流体中流动的大小和方向,被广泛运用于浆液、泥石流、喷泉等流体运动的研究中。此外,基于黄土地层盾构隧道室内模型试验方案发现,低含水率黄土地层盾构掘进8环管片距离时,围岩的扰动范围为盾构掘进中轴线两侧1 D（管片外径）左右和盾构上方1 D范围内。     

抗深度取证的多粒度融合图像修复网络

数字图像的真伪判别是图像安全领域中的基础问题,因数字媒体极易被攻击篡改,针对图像的取证技术得到了广泛的研究.另一方面,对图像篡改反取证技术的研究,不仅追求更逼真的图像篡改操作,也从相反的方向促进了取证技术的发展.图像修复作为基础的图像篡改操作,一直是国内外学者的研究热点.针对被修复篡改后的图像会被深度取证网络取证的问题,提出了一种抗深度取证的多粒度融合图像修复(multi-granularity fusion-based image inpainting network resistant to deep forensics,MGFR)网络.MGFR网络包括编解码器、多粒度生成模块以及多粒度注意力模块.首先,输入的破损图像被编码器编码成深度特征,深度特征通过多粒度生成模块生成3个不同粒度中间特征;然后,采用多粒度注意力模块来计算不同粒度中间特征之间的相关性并将其融合;最后,融合特征通过解码器生成输出结果.另外,所提出的MGFR网络被重建损失、模式噪声损失、深度取证损失以及对抗损失联合监督.研究结果显示,所提出的MGFR网络在拥有较好的修复性能的同时能成功规避深度取证网络的取证.     

基于改进断裂点理论的机场吸引范围界定

合理界定机场吸引范围,是构建坚固民航运输网络的关键环节。现有的机场吸引范围界定方法,很少考虑与其衔接的地面交通网络,以及旅客出行偏好的影响。为提高机场吸引范围的实用性,本文以城市断裂点理论为基础,对其中的重要参数予以改进。首先,以综合交通运输为背景,指出发达的公路和铁路运输网络对民用机场具有很大的竞争与促进作用,并提出以地面交通出行时间为量化标准的吸引范围界定方法。然后,为分析旅客出行偏好的行为机理,针对于与机场衔接的地面交通网络来建立离散选择模型。其次,将研究区域的机场所在城市看作是一个整体,运用专家评价法和熵权法综合确定机场的吸引规模,并通过机场吞吐量与城市对外出行总量针对机场规模进行修正。最后,通过算例验证改进模型的实际可操作性,为确定多机场系统吸引范围界定提供新的思路和方法。     

IRS辅助WPCN用户公平性与系统吞吐量优化方案

为了解决无线供电网（wireless powered communication network,WPCN）中用户公平性不足与系统灵活性差的问题,提出一种基于智能反射面（intelligent reflecting surface,IRS）的优化方案。该方案直接将公平指数（fairness index,FI）和系统吞吐量加权相加作为优化目标,建立了用户公平性与系统吞吐量的联合优化问题。由于所建立的优化问题是非凸问题,因此,将优化问题拆分为时隙长度和IRS反射系数优化子问题,然后交替求解。针对时隙长度优化子问题,使用逐次凸逼近（successive convex approximation,SCA）算法求解;针对IRS反射系数优化子问题,使用闭式解、SCA和半定松弛（semi definite relaxation,SDR）算法求解。仿真结果表明,所提方案在用户公平性和系统灵活性方面优于其他方案。     

A Comparative Study on the Failure Criteria for Predicting the Damage Initiation in Fiber-Reinforced Composites

Mechanics of Composite Materials - In this research, the maximum stress, Hashin, Puck, LaRC03, and Northwestern University (NU) criteria are analyzed based literature data, analytical results...     

Effects of hydraulic pressure on the stability and transition of wetting modes of superhydrophobic surfaces

The underlying mechanisms of stability, metastability, or instability of the Cassie-Baxter and Wenzel wetting modes and their transitions on superhydrophobic surfaces decorated with periodic micropillars are quantitatively studied in this article. Hydraulic pressure, which may be generated by the water-air interfacial tension of water droplets or external factors such as raining impact, is shown to be a key to understanding these mechanisms. A detailed transition process driven by increasing hydraulic pressure is numerically simulated. The maximum sustainable or critical pressure of the Cassie-Baxter wetting state on a pillarlike microstructural surface is formulated for the first time in a simple, unified, and precise form. This analytic result reveals the fact that reducing the microstructural scales (e.g., the pillars' diameters and spacing) is probably the most efficient measure needed to enlarge the critical pressure significantly. We also introduce a dimensionless parameter, the pillar slenderness ratio, to characterize the stability of either the Cassie-Baxter or the Wenzel wetting state and show that the energy barrier for transitioning from the Cassie-Baxter to the Wenzel wetting mode is proportional to both the slenderness ratio and the area fraction. Thus, the Cassie-Baxter wetting mode may collapse under a hydraulic pressure lower than the critical one if the slenderness ratio is improperly small. This quantitative study explains fairly well some experimental observations of contact angles that can be modeled by neither Wenzel nor Cassie-Baxter contact angles and eventually leads to our proposals for a mixed (or coexisting) wetting mode.     

Luminescence centers in porous silicon

Photoluminescence studies on porous silicon show that there are luminescence centers present in the surface states. By taking photoluminescence spectra of porous silicon with respect to temperature, a distinct peak can be observed in the temperature range 100–150 K. Both linear and nonlinear relationships were observed between excitation laser power and the photoluminescence intensity within this temperature range. In addition, there was a tendency for the photoluminescence peak to red shift at low temperature as well as at low excitation power. This is interpreted as indicating that the lower energy transition becomes dominant at low temperature and excitation power. The presence of these luminescence centers can be explained in terms of porous silicon as a mixture of silicon clusters and wires in which quantum confinement along with surface passivation would cause a mixing of andX band structure between the surface states and the bulk. This mixing would allow the formation of luminescence centers.