介绍一个与材料相关的研究型综合化学实验——壳聚糖的制备与表征

在中国科学技术大学夏季学期的研究型实验课程"化学科研基础训练"中开设"壳聚糖的制备与表征"综合实验,以龙虾壳为原料,通过除蛋白、脱盐、脱色、脱乙酰等一系列反应,制备得到目标产物壳聚糖。运用红外光谱、核磁共振仪、黏度法、滴定等对产品的结构及性能进行表征。     

Regiocontrol in the oxidative Heck reaction of indole by ligand-enabled switch of the regioselectivity-determining step

Efficient control of regioselectivity is a key concern in transition-metal-catalyzed direct C–H functionalization reactions. Various strategies for regiocontrol have been established by tuning the selectivity of the C–H activation step as a common mode. Herein, we present our study on an alternative mode of regiocontrol, in which the selectivity of the C–H activation step is no longer a key concern. We found that, in a reaction where the C–H activation step exhibits a different regio-preference from the subsequent functionalization step, a ligand-enabled switch of the regioselectivity-determining step could provide efficient regiocontrol. This mode has been exemplified by the Pd(ii)-catalyzed aerobic oxidative Heck reaction of indoles, in which a ligand-controlled C3-/C2-selectivity was achieved for the first time by the development of sulfoxide-2-hydroxypyridine (SOHP) ligands.

Ligand-enabled switch of the regioselectivity-determining step allowed for efficient regiocontrol in the aerobic oxidative Heck reaction of indole.     

铸造工艺仿真设计前处理及过程处理应用技术

以应用ProCAST和MAGMAsoft 2款软件为例，针对铸造工艺仿真设计前处理和过程处理每个环节的主要内容与使用方法进行了较为详细地归纳、分析和总结。提出了处理过程的技术路线，并系统地介绍了每项应用内容的操作平台与使用步骤，从而为高效地应用铸造工艺仿真设计提供理论和技术支持。     

A multiaxial elastic potential with error-minimizing approximation to rubberlike elasticity

This study is concerned with a new,explicit approach by means of which forms of the large strain elastic potential for multiaxial rubberlike elasticity may be obtained based on data for a single deformation mode.As a departure from usual studies,here for the first time errors may be estimated and rendered minimal for all possible deformation modes and,furthermore,failure behavior may be incorporated.Numerical examples presented are in accurate agreement with Treloar's well-known data.     

桂林傩舞现状及问题研究--以秀峰区张家村为例

受神秘的巫文化影响，桂林傩舞有着悠久的历史，曾经盛极一时，但近年来逐渐趋于衰退。通过实地考察张家村傩舞，可以发现桂林傩舞艺术面临着缺乏继承人、观赏性不足、舞蹈造型和手势表达失传、道具不精、基层教育不重视、表演人员经济困难等生存困境。当地政府应该加强宣传力度，加大资金投入，培养傩舞表演的继承人和道具制作的传承人，强化对傩舞的理论与实践研究，不断提炼傩舞的特色内涵，促进桂林傩舞的保护和传承。     

12β-Acetyloxyperforatin,a New Limonoid from Harrisonia Perforata

A new A, D-seco limonoid, named 12-acetyloxyperforatin (1), along with three known ones, were isolated from the leaves of Harrisonia perforata. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including extensive NMR techniques and computational modelling. These compounds showed no inhibitory activity against the 11β-HSD1 enzyme.