量子态的概率克隆和认证

随机地选自一组非正交的量子态不可能通过幺正过程精确克隆。但是如果 幺正演化和选择性测量过程结合起来,则可以以一定的概率精确地克隆上述输入态,文章简述了概率克隆研究的最新进展,并同它和量子态认证之间的密切联系。     

Facile preparation of nano-g-C3N4/UiO-66-NH2 composite as sorbent for high-efficient extraction and preconcentration of food colorants prior to HPLC analysis

In this work,the nano-g-C₃N₄/Ui O-66-NH₂composite was prepared by one-step solvothermal method.The as-prepared composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy,Brunner-Emmet-Teller measurement,energy dispersive spectrometer,X-ray diffraction,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.By using nano-g-C₃N₄/Ui O-66-NH₂composite as sorbent,a dispersive solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatogra...     

氧瓶法测定难燃烧高硼有机物中的硼含量

把有机硼定量地转变为硼酸是测硼的关键,常用氧瓶、氧弹和消化法进行分解。Gradskova,N.A.等用氧瓶法测硼,其准确性欠佳^[1]。     

Dynamic characteristics of gas jets from subsonic and supersonic nozzles for high pressure gas laser cutting

During laser cutting of stainless steels, titanium and aluminum alloys, a coaxial and high pressure inert gas jet is used to improve the cut edge quality. The process normally consumes a large amount of inert gas and has a poor tolerance to variation in process parameters. This is solely because the gas nozzles are mostly of the conical and convergent type in which the gas jets are subsonic. Based on two dimensional steady state gas dynamic theory, computer simulation and shadowgraphic techniques, the gas jet patterns from conical nozzles and the newly designed supersonic nozzles are analyzed. The distribution of pressure, momentum, gas density and existence of shock waves are predicted and mapped. Based on these characteristics, the effect of the gas jets upon the cut quality is explained. It is concluded that a supersonic gas jet offers the best flow characteristics for high pressure laser cutting.     

Non-partial-wave Coulomb-Born theory for the excitation of many-electron atomic ions II: Numerical description and application

A non-partial-wave Coulomb-Born theory is recently formulated to treat the excitation of many-electron atomic ions for impact by an arbitrary charged particle [Y.B. Duan et al., Phys. Rev. A 56, 2431 (1997)]. The multiple expansion of the transition matrix element is decomposed into the target form factor and the projectile form factor. These are the matrix elements of the tensor operators between quantum states so that any complicated wave function for the target ion can be employed. In this formal theory, an infinitesimally small positive quantity is introduced artificially to guarantee the convergence of integrals. As a supplementary part of the theory, we discuss how to choose the value of . It is found that the should be taken as functions of the momentum transfer and multipolarity . Illustrations are carried out by calculating the cross-sections for some typical transitions n _a l _a -n _b l _b of hydrogen-like ions for impact by electron, positron, and proton, respectively. The resulting cross-sections are in good agreement with ones produced by using a method available for ion targets with Slater-type orbitals [N.C. Deb, N.C. Sil, Phys. Rev. A 28, 2806 (1993)]. Comparisons demonstrate that the Coulomb-Born theory with non-partial wave analysis provides a powerful method to treat the excitation of many-electron atomic ions impact by an arbitrary charged particle. Received 6 April 1999     

光纤干涉测距中的量程倍增系统

利用光纤传感技术,实现了一种可以测量１ｍ以上的绝对距离的光纤干涉测距的倍增系统。它主要采用两个干涉仪,分别对靶标进行定位及对光程进行调谐和对距离进行测量,通过引入已精确标定的光纤,利用短导轨,实现了高精度、大距离的测量。     

凝聚态物理学中的基本概念

本文首先根据物质世界的层次化来说明凝聚态物理学在当今物理学中所处的地位,并阐述了复杂与简单的辨证关系,来说明为何这一学科至今仍然富有生命力;进而对这一学科的范围进行了讨论,强调了位形空间和动量空间中都存在多种类型的凝聚现象,而相应的凝聚体构成了这一学科的研究对象;还探讨了处理凝聚态理论问题的量子物理与经典物理方法有效领域的界限与分野;最终对此学科的发展历史进行回顾,并追溯和剖析了其概念全系的演变,     

全屏蔽共面耦合波导的准静态分析

采用保角变换技术对全屏蔽共面耦合波导的传输特性进行了分析,导出了全屏蔽共面耦合波导奇偶模特性阻抗的简明公式,提供了该结构的计算数据和曲线．数值结果表明,这种分析方法是正确的．     

汤饭子色素提取及性质研究

探讨了汤饭子色素的提取工艺及有关性质,提出了75％乙醇浸提法,并测得该色素最高吸收高峰为354nm,研究发现该色素具有良好的耐酸、耐热、耐光、耐氧化性等性质．     

溶液中外氛电子转移反应的电子传递系数的量子效应

用黄金规则和鞍点近似估算了电子转移速率的重要参数。考虑到量子效应对过渡金属氧化－还原的电子传递系数是重要的参量,采用了合适的光谱和光电发射,并根据已报导的电子耦合矩阵元的数据。