全文获取类型
收费全文 | 76993篇 |
免费 | 9665篇 |
国内免费 | 6878篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 37288篇 |
晶体学 | 641篇 |
力学 | 3075篇 |
综合类 | 328篇 |
数学 | 5955篇 |
物理学 | 20019篇 |
综合类 | 26230篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 361篇 |
2023年 | 1441篇 |
2022年 | 2617篇 |
2021年 | 2736篇 |
2020年 | 2636篇 |
2019年 | 2318篇 |
2018年 | 2099篇 |
2017年 | 2113篇 |
2016年 | 2993篇 |
2015年 | 3340篇 |
2014年 | 4129篇 |
2013年 | 4954篇 |
2012年 | 5882篇 |
2011年 | 5831篇 |
2010年 | 4333篇 |
2009年 | 4252篇 |
2008年 | 4534篇 |
2007年 | 4151篇 |
2006年 | 3607篇 |
2005年 | 3172篇 |
2004年 | 2479篇 |
2003年 | 1941篇 |
2002年 | 1843篇 |
2001年 | 1560篇 |
2000年 | 1499篇 |
1999年 | 2094篇 |
1998年 | 1870篇 |
1997年 | 1852篇 |
1996年 | 1726篇 |
1995年 | 1493篇 |
1994年 | 1343篇 |
1993年 | 1178篇 |
1992年 | 940篇 |
1991年 | 933篇 |
1990年 | 767篇 |
1989年 | 632篇 |
1988年 | 528篇 |
1987年 | 369篇 |
1986年 | 275篇 |
1985年 | 174篇 |
1984年 | 96篇 |
1983年 | 98篇 |
1982年 | 57篇 |
1981年 | 40篇 |
1980年 | 33篇 |
1979年 | 20篇 |
1977年 | 19篇 |
1976年 | 20篇 |
1975年 | 21篇 |
1972年 | 19篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
211.
212.
Y.-Q. Peng J.-H. Yang F.-P. Lu Q.-S. Yang H.-W. Xing X.-S. Li C.-A. Song 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2007,86(2):225-229
Based on the assumption of Gaussian energy distributions of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), analytical expressions of generalized Einstein relation in chemically doped organic semiconductor are developed, by approximation of Coulomb traps with a rectangle potential well. Numerical calculations show that traditional Einstein relations do not hold for chemically doped organic semiconductors. Similar to physical doping, the dependence of diffusion coefficient to mobility D/μ ratio on the carrier concentration has a maximum. An essential difference between chemical doping and physical doping is that, the D/μ ratio in chemically doped organic semiconductors depends not only on carrier concentration and doping concentration, but also on the applied electric field. PACS 71.20.Rv; 72.90.+y; 73.50.-h 相似文献
213.
214.
本文叙述了倍半萜类化合物——β-桉烯、衍生物Neointermedeol以及1,2,3,4,7,8-六氢-5,8-二甲基-3-异丙烯基萘的合成。初步药理筛选结果表明,这三个化合物均具有一定的抗生育活性。化合物还未见报道,它的化学结构在本文得到证实。 相似文献
215.
Longitudinal study has become one of the most commonly adopted designs in medical research. The generalized estimating equations (GEE) method and/or mixed effects models are employed very often in causal inferences. The related model diagnostic procedures are not yet fully formalized, and perhaps never will be. The potential causes of major problems are the high variety of the dependence within subjects and/or the number of repeated measurements. A single testing procedure, e.g., run test, is not possible to resolve all model diagnostics problems in longitudinal data analysis. Multiple quantitative indexes for model diagnostics are needed to take into account this variety. We propose eight testing procedures for randomness accompanied with some conventional and/or non-conventional plots to remedy model diagnostics in longitudinal data analysis. The proposed issue in this paper is well illustrated with four clinical studies in Taiwan. 相似文献
216.
The nonradiative recombination effect on carrier dynamics in GalnNAs/GaAs quantum wells is studied by timeresolved photoluminescence (TRPL) and polarization-dependent TRPL at various excitation intensities. It is found that both recombination dynamics and spin relaxation dynamics strongly depend on the excitation intensity. Under moderate excitation intensities the PL decay curves exhibit unusual non-exponential behaviour. This result is well simulated by a rate equation involving both the radiative and non-radiative recombinations via the introduction of a new parameter of the effective concentration of nonradiative recombination centres in the rate equation. In the spin dynamics study, the spin relaxation also shows strong excitation power dependence. Under the high excitation power an increase of spin polarization degree with time is observed. This new finding provides a useful hint that the spin process can be controlled by excitation power in GaInNAs systems. 相似文献
217.
X. Yang 《Applied Surface Science》2006,252(10):3647-3657
The room-temperature adsorption and thermally induced processes of propionic acid and pyruvic acid on Ni(1 0 0) have been investigated by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Computational vibrational analysis of the optimized bidentate structures for acid-Ni model complexes (involving the organic acid and a Ni atom) has been performed by using the two-layer ONIOM method with the Density Functional Theory and used to interpret the vibrational EELS data. Dehydrogenation of the hydroxyl group is found to result in bonding of the carboxylate group in the propionate and pyruvate adspecies to either a single Ni surface atom in a bidentate configuration or two neighbouring Ni atoms in a bridge configuration. Given the similarities in the total energies and related vibrational frequencies obtained by the calculations in the case of pyruvate adspecies, it is difficult to differentiate the alternate adsorption structure, in which the keto O and hydroxyl O atoms are bonded to a Ni atom in a five-member chelate ring configuration. Furthermore, temperature-dependent EELS studies show that both the propionate and pyruvate adspecies could decompose upon annealing to above 400 K and further dissociate to CO adspecies above 550 K and to C and/or O above 600 K. 相似文献
218.
We present theoretical results of the electron impact ionization rate in GaAs/AlGaAs multiquantum well structures as a function of applied electric field for various geometries, i.e., well and barrier widths. In addition, we present preliminary measurements of the current-voltage characteristics of MBE grown devices which demonstrate very low leakage current as well as sharp breakdwon behavior. It is found that the net ionization rate, determined by averaging over the constitutent GaAs and AlGaAs layers, approaches the weighted average of the constituent bulk rates at high electric field strengths; the potential discontinuity is relatively unimportant. The electron ionization rate within the well regions alone is still higher than that in bulk GaAs, but is insufficiently enhanced to compensate for the much lower rate in the AlGaAs layers. As the field is lowered to 250.0 kV/cm, the average ionization rate in the multiquantum well structure becomes larger than in the bulk. 相似文献
219.
杨揆一 《北京科技大学学报》1986,(4)
本文研究了钢绳罐道上提升容器的横向运动,它包括容器质心的横向摆动和绕质心的转动。建立了此系统的动力学微分方程组,并用龙格——库塔方法求得了运动的数值解。通过对数值解的分析说明:(1)容器的摆动量与提升钢绳的横向力,以及罐道长度成正比,与重锤的重量成正比。(2)在容器长度确定的条件下,增大上下罐耳之间的距离可使容器的晃动减小。但是,如果容器长度与罐耳间的距离同步地增加,将不能达到使晃动减小的目的。 相似文献
220.
基于移动Agent技术的医学图像检索方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对现有医学图像检索方法中,检索算法速度较慢、准确性较低以及远程检索时占用大量带宽等问题,设计并实现了一种基于移动Agent技术的医学图像检索方法,重点讨论了该方法实现的关键技术,包括提升框架下的M带整数小波变换和提取多通道纹理特征的检索算法.模拟实验结果表明,该方法实时性较强,占用网络带宽较少,采用的算法运算速度提高近10倍、运算复杂度降低约50%,提取的纹理特征能充分表达图像内容,较好地满足了医学图像的检索要求,实现了对医学图像库快速较准确的检索. 相似文献