新旧《高新技术企业认定管理办法》对比及实施效果分析

针对旧《高新技术企业认定管理办法》及实施过程中出现的问题,2008年4月14日,我国正式颁布实施新管理办法。新《办法》的出台,进一步理清了高新技术企业认定条件,并对认定标准做出了详细说明。通过梳理新旧管理办法运行机制,阐述了新旧管理办法的区别,并对新《办法》实施效果进行深入分析。     

怀化高速洪江服务区雷电灾害的防护

为降低山区高速公路雷电灾害的风险，以怀化高速洪江服务区为试点，选取周边2007-2016年的闪电数据，结合区内环境和天气系统，采用数理统计方法分析服务区的雷电特征、雷电风险等级等.洪江服务区属多雷或强雷地带，雷电风险逐年递增，雷电的密度呈东多西少、强度呈西强东弱的趋势，特别是偏东和东北方位约200 m（服务区加油站附近）以远是大片的高雷区.西风带与东风波天气系统会对服务区雷电产生不同的影响.建议考虑服务区环境和雷电风险等级，按标准对防雷设施进行检测整改，加强偏东和东北方位的防雷设施建设，开展雷电灾害防护宣传等以减少雷电灾害的发生.     

An empirical formula for scattered neutron components in fast neutron radiography

Scattering neutrons are one of the key factors that may affect the images of fast neutron radiog- raphy. In this paper, a mathematical model for scattered neutrons is developed on a cylinder sample, and an empirical formula for scattered neutrons is obtained. According to the results given by Monte Carlo methods, the parameters in the empirical formula are obtained with curve fitting, which confirms the logicality of the empirical formula. The curve-fitted parameters of common materials such as <'6>LiD are given.     

Dendrite growth and micromechanical properties of rapidly solidified ternary Ni-Fe-Ti alloy

The rapid solidification of undercooled liquid Ni_(45)Fe_(40)Ti_(15)alloy was realized by glass fluxing technique.The microstructure of this alloy consists of primaryγ-(Fe,Ni)phase and a small amount of interdendritic pseudobinary eutectic.The primaryγ-(Fe,Ni)phase transferred from coarse dendrite to fragmented dendrite and the lamellar eutectic became fractured with the increase of undercooling.The growth velocity ofγ-(Fe,Ni)dendrite increased following a power relation with the rise of undercooling.The addition of solute Ti suppressed the rapid growth ofγ-(Fe,Ni)dendrite,as compared with the calculation results of Fe-Ni alloy based on LKT model.The microhardness values of the alloy and the primaryγ-(Fe,Ni)phase increased by 1.5 times owing to the microstructural refinement caused by the rapid dendrite growth.The difference was enlarged as undercooling increases,resulting from the enhanced hardening effects on the alloy from the increased grain boundaries and the second phase.     

城市增长模拟模型研究综述

城市增长过程研究一直是地理学界长期关注的焦点问题之一。随着计算机技术的发展,城市增长模拟研究在理论和技术层面都有较快的发展。为进一步梳理城市增长模拟研究的发展历程,探寻相关研究的发展方向,在简单回顾城市空间结构和静态城市模型的基础上,重点对动态城市模型中以元胞自动机(Cellular automata,CA)和基于智能体建模(Agent-Based modeling,ABM)为代表的离散动力学模型的研究成果进行梳理,并从城市增长模型的理论、概念、属性、结构以及模拟平台5个方面进行对比分析。研究发现,城市增长模拟的动态模型能体现城市发展和演化的复杂性特点,而智能体建模方法因其具有对城市发展诸多要素及其相互作用的综合考虑而具有更大的优势。     

Combined effect of modified zeolite 13X and β-nucleating agent on improving β-crystal content and toughening polypropylene random copolymer

Although addition of β-NUCLEATING agent directly into homo-polypropylene(PPH) is a useful method to improve β-CRYSTAL content and toughen PPH, polypropylene random copolymer(PPR) makes this method powerless due to its random structure and low crystallinity. In this study, the-nucleated PPR with high β-CRYSTAL content was prepared by a novel high effective β-NUCLEATING system which consists of-nucleation agent(TMB-5) and modified zeolite 13X(M13X). It was found that M13X and TMB-5 had a synergistic influence on improving β-CRYSTAL content and toughening PPR. The content of β-CRYSTAL in PPR/M13X/TMB-5 was significantly larger than the sum of that in PPR/M13X and PPR/TMB-5. Besides,fracture behavior, phase morphology and relaxation of matrix chain segments were also investigated. The results showed that M13X and TMB-5 improved the mobility of amorphous chain segments at low temperature and contributed to much energy dissipation. This work provides a powerful method to modify PPR.     

求解一维下料问题的改进混合遗传算法

针对一维下料问题,设计了一种局部搜索方法,并将其与遗传算法结合构造了新的混合遗传算法.大量实验表明,该算法求解一维下料问题是行之有效的.     

Surface energy gradient driven convection for generating nanoscale and microscale patterned polymer films using photosensitizers

The Marangoni effect describes how fluid flows in response to gradients in surface energy. This phenomenon could be broadly harnessed to pattern the surface topography of polymer films if generalizable techniques for programming surface energy gradients existed. Here, a near UV–visible light (NUV–vis) photosensitizer, 9,10‐dibromo‐anthracene (DBA), was doped into thin films of a model polymer, poly(isobutyl methacrylate). After exposure to light through a photomask and heating above the glass transition, thermolysis of photo‐oxidized DBA and grafting to the polymer promoted flow of the film material into the exposed regions. This mechanism did not significantly alter the molecular weight of PiBMA or the film's glass transition temperature, but resulted in an increase in film surface energy as indicated by a decrease in water contact angle. Film height variations of 580 nm were produced using a mask with 12.5 μm features; a mask with 800 nm features was also employed to generate topographic features of corresponding width without expensive contacting equipment. Due to the broad absorbance spectra of DBA, highly accessible and/or unconventional light sources may be employed in this process; this advantage was demonstrated by patterning with sunlight. The nonspecific radical‐mediated nature of the DBA grafting reaction makes this a promising approach for many classes of polymers. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2014 , 52, 1195–1202