Inhibitors of the K+(Na+)/H+ exchanger of human red blood cells

The effect of substances as possible inhibitors of the K+(Na+)/H+ exchanger in the human red cell membrane has been tested on the (ouabain+bumetanide+EGTA)-resistant K+ influx in both physiological (HIS) and low ionic strength (LIS) solution with tracer kinetic methods. It is demonstrated that high concentrations of quinacrine (1 mM) and chloroquine (2 mM) inhibit the residual K+ influx in LIS solution to 60% and 85%, respectively, but activate it in HIS solution. Thus, chloroquine suppressed the 10-fold LIS-induced activation of the flux nearly completely. Amiloride derivatives were able to inhibit the K+ influx in both HIS and LIS solution. EIPA (75 microM) reduced the flux by about 20% and 55% in HIS and LIS solution, respectively. Newly developed drugs (HOE 642, 1 mM; HOE 694, 0.5 mM) designed to inhibit Na+/H+ exchanger isoforms showed an inhibition of the residual K+ influx of 40% and 33% in HIS and 65% and 44% in LIS solution, respectively, without haemolysis. The inhibitory effect of HOE 642 persisted in HIS (24%) and LIS (48%) solutions when Cl- was replaced by CH3SO4-. The K(+)-Cl- cotransport inhibitor DIOA (100 microM) stimulated the residual K+ influx in both solutions. It is, therefore, concluded that the K(+)-Cl- cotransporter does not contribute to the residual K+ influx both in HIS and LIS media. Okadaic acid decreased the residual K+ influx by 40% and 25% in HIS and LIS solution, respectively, showing that the residual K+ influx is affected by phosphatases like other ion transport pathways. The results show that the residual K+ influx can be decreased further by inhibiting the K+(Na+)/H+ exchanger. It remains still unclear to what extent the K+(Na+)/H+ exchanger is inhibited by the different substances used. However, the ground state membrane permeability for K+ is much smaller than assumed so far.     

Preparation and Structural Characterization of a Heterobimetallic Sulfide Cluster Compound [(η 5-C5Me5)WS3Au(dppms)]

A novel heterobimetallic sulfide cluster [( ⁵-C₅Me₅)WS₃Au(dppms)][dppms = bis(diphenylphosphino)methane monosulfide] was prepared by the reaction of [PPh₄][( ⁵-C₅Me₅)WS₃] with AuI and dppm [dppm = bis(diphenylphosphino)methane] in MeCN. The title compound was fully characterized by elemental analysis, i.r., u.v.–vis., ¹H-n.m.r. spectra, and by single crystal X-ray crystallography. In the molecular structure, the Au atom is trigonally coordinated by two bridging S atoms of a [( ⁵-C₅Me₅)WS₃]^– anion and a P atom of the dppms molecule. The formation mechanism for this compound is discussed.     

First Measurement of the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn Sum Rule for 1H from 0.7 to 1.8 GeV at ELSA

To verify the fundamental Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn (GDH) sum rule for the first time experimentally, we measured the helicity dependent total photoabsorption cross section with circularly polarized real photons and longitudinally polarized nucleons in the photon energy range 0.68-1.82 GeV with the tagged photon facility at ELSA. The experiment was carried out with a 4pi detection system, a circularly polarized tagged photon beam, and a frozen spin polarized proton target. The contribution to the GDH sum rule in this photon energy range is [49.9+/-2.4(stat)+/-2.2(syst)] microb.     

混合稀土对AB5贮氢合金织构生长特性影响的PLS研究

利用偏最小二乘法（PLS）研究混合稀土组成对贮氢合金的织构生长特性的综合影响,并提出了合金织构择优取向的判据。对于平行于柱状晶织构,择优取向（101） (201)晶面受Nd的影响最为敏感,Ce的影响最小,同时Ce对择优取向的作用与La,Pr,Nd的作用相反;对于垂直柱状晶织构,择优取向（200） (110)晶面受Pr的影响最为敏感,而受Nd的影响最小。     

新疆若羌县赤石山变质核杂岩研究

新疆北山裂谷带西缘若羌县赤石山地区存在大型变质核杂岩构造。其下拆离盘为古元古界结晶基底杂岩 ,上拆离盘为中元古界白湖群变质岩系 ,滑脱拆离带为已变形的大型韧性正断层。核杂岩南、北侧发育上叠盆地 ,北侧形成“年轻”正断层及同构造期岩浆岩。变质核杂岩的形成与晚古生代北山陆内裂谷区域伸展有直接联系。该区变质核杂岩的首次厘定 ,对深化北山裂谷的研究具有重要意义     

非线性等重检错好码的存在性的进一步分析

(二元#),*+,’非线性等重码在数字通信中被广泛地用作检错码,人们一直研究一般#)"*+" 等重码成为检错好码的充要条件-首先讨论了二元#)"*+",’等重码成为检错好码的条件"得到了二元 最优等重码成为检错好码的两个充分必要条件"以及时"二元#)"*+",’最优等重码不 是检错好码的结论,同时,还讨论了,元非线性等重检错好码的存在性,并得出了一些新的结果-     

Atomic-beam alignment of inorganic materials for liquid-crystal displays

The technique used to align liquid crystals-rubbing the surface of a substrate on which a liquid crystal is subsequently deposited-has been perfected by the multibillion-dollar liquid-crystal display industry. However, it is widely recognized that a non-contact alignment technique would be highly desirable for future generations of large, high-resolution liquid-crystal displays. A number of alternative alignment techniques have been reported, but none of these have so far been implemented in large-scale manufacturing. Here, we report a non-contact alignment process, which uses low-energy ion beams impinging at a glancing angle on amorphous inorganic films, such as diamond-like carbon. Using this approach, we have produced both laptop and desktop displays in pilot-line manufacturing, and found that displays of higher quality and reliability could be made at a lower cost than the rubbing technique. The mechanism of alignment is explained by adopting a random network model of atomic arrangement in the inorganic films. Order is induced by exposure to an ion beam because unfavourably oriented rings of atoms are selectively destroyed. The planes of the remaining rings are predominantly parallel to the direction of the ion beam.     

试论长江文化繁衍的区位条件

从自然生态环境角度,探讨了长江文化繁衍的区位条件,分析表明,长江流域地处世界亚热带的一方宝地,是滋养文化的“绿洲”和“沃土”,贯穿中国地形的三大阶梯,促成了文化的差异性与不平衡性,背靠“世界屋脊”,面向浩翰海洋,成为文化交流的屏障与通道,位于自然过渡区和生态交错带,呈现文化的丰富性和多样性。     

贵州喀斯特峡谷农业可持续发展模式研究——以花江峡谷示范区为例

对以花江为代表的贵州喀斯特峡谷可持续发展模式结构进行了设计研究 ,提出“花椒—猪—沼气”和“砂仁—猪—沼气”的生态农业和绿色产业模式 ,并对其可持续发展效果进行了分析。     

贴紧“高职”特点推进“两课”改革

本文从推进"两课"改革与建设适应高职课程要求的"两课"的实践探索为出发点,对符合高职特点的"两课"教学模式、教学内容、教学方法进行了初步的归纳与总结.