The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13

Chromosome 13 is the largest acrocentric human chromosome. It carries genes involved in cancer including the breast cancer type 2 (BRCA2) and retinoblastoma (RB1) genes, is frequently rearranged in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, and contains the DAOA locus associated with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. We describe completion and analysis of 95.5 megabases (Mb) of sequence from chromosome 13, which contains 633 genes and 296 pseudogenes. We estimate that more than 95.4% of the protein-coding genes of this chromosome have been identified, on the basis of comparison with other vertebrate genome sequences. Additionally, 105 putative non-coding RNA genes were found. Chromosome 13 has one of the lowest gene densities (6.5 genes per Mb) among human chromosomes, and contains a central region of 38 Mb where the gene density drops to only 3.1 genes per Mb.     

The case for a US prospective cohort study of genes and environment

Information from the Human Genome Project will be vital for defining the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to health and disease. Well-designed case-control studies of people with and without a particular disease are essential for this, but rigorous and unbiased conclusions about the causes of diseases and their population-wide impact will require a representative population to be monitored over time (a prospective cohort study). The time is right for the United States to consider such a project.     

The σ-model and its renormalization in a dimensionally regularised normal product formulation

The σ-model is re-examined in the light of the reformulation of the normal product method in dimensional regularisation. It is considered both as a prime example of, and testing ground for, these methods, and to display the dimensionally regularised renormalisation of the model. Explicit and spontaneous symmetry breakings are considered, and the PCAC relation and Goldstone theorem are examined and proved in the one loop approximation. The renormalisation group equation coefficients are also obtained to this order. Both arbitrary (renormalised) parametrisations, and the mass shell parametrisation with finite counterterms are considered. It is found that, in contrast with other treatments, these counter terms remain finite in the infra-red limit of a massless symmetric Lagrangian.     

Inversion von schwingungselastischen Streudaten

Ohne Zusammenfassung