A direct hydrogen-1 and phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance cation solvation study of Al(ClO4)3, Ga(ClO4)3, In(ClO4)3, UO2(ClO4)2, and UO2(NO3)2 in water-acetone-dimethylsulfoxide and water-acetone-hexamethylphosphoramide mixtures

A competitive solvation study of Al(ClO₄)₃, Ga(ClO₄)₃, In(ClO₄)₃, UO₂(ClO₄)₂, and UO₂(NO₃)₂ in water-acetone-dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and water-acetone-hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPT) mixtures has been carried out by direct H¹ and P³¹ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. At low temperature, proton and ligand exchange are slow enough in these systems to permit the observation of signals for bulk and coordinated molecules of water and the organic bases (DMSO and HMPT). Both DMSO and HMPT compete effectively with water for coordination sites in the Al³⁺, Ga³⁺, and In³⁺ systems, with steric effects dominating the HMPT results. Both Al³⁺ and In³⁺ are able to bind a maximum of two to three HMPT molecules, for example. In contrast, UO²⁺ is solvated selectively by the organic molecules to the allowed maximum of 4 molecules per cation. H¹ and P³¹ NMR spectral results support the formation of only the mono-, tri-, and tetra-HMPT solvation complexes.     

Polymerization of w/o microemulsions for the preparation of transparent SiO2/PMMA nanocomposites

Reverse w/o microemulsions composed of methyl methacrylate (MMA) forming the oil phase, nonionic surfactants, and water are used for the synthesis of transparent SiO2/PMMA nanocomposites. An inorganic precursor, tetraethoxysilane (Si(OEt)(4), TEOS), is hydrolyzed in the reverse micelles containing aqueous ammonia. During the hydrolysis of TEOS, polymerization of the continuous MMA phase is initiated using AIBN (azobisisobutyronitrile), and after thermal polymerization at 333 K for 12 h, solid blocks of PMMA are obtained in which nanometer-sized silica particles are trapped in the solid polymer matrix. According to small-angle X-ray and dynamic light scattering experiments, the water droplets in MMA microemulsions are 12 nm (R(W) = 13) in diameter, whereas after polymerization of the microemulsion, the SiO2 particles in the transparent SiO2/PMMA composites are 26 nm in diameter. Transmission electron micrographs demonstrate a low degree of agglomeration in the composites. In comparison with materials generated from micelle-free solutions, the particle size distribution is narrow. The reverse micelle-mediated approach produces composites of high transparency comparable with that of pure PMMA.     

减速器优化设计预分析

本文通过对减速器设计的预分析，剔除了优化设计时的非独立变量，确定了主要参数的变化区间，减少了计算机搜索的盲目性，提高了优化效率     

三元共聚衍生物类低温流动改进剂应用研究

三元共聚物(SMAE)衍生物是一种新型的低温流动性改进剂,不仅广泛应用于原油及燃料油的降凝,而且还能较好地降低燃料油的冷滤点。本文报道了应用方面的试验结果,并提出了提高低温流动改进剂适应性的一些看法。     

信息集广义博弈模型与Nash平衡的存在性

通过信息集及相应的集值映射建立信息集广义博弈的模型,讨论该模型Nash平衡的存在性.     

黄土高原地区产业关联分析

以1985年经济统计资料为依据,分别作出黄土高原地区2000年11×11阶投入产出矩阵,直接消耗系数矩阵,以及相应的里昂节夫逆矩阵.在此基础上分析了2000年黄土高原地区的工业结构、生产波及效果和生产诱发潜力,总结出确定黄土高原工业部门权重的若干原则.     

多孔材料测孔仪的研制

本文叙述了测量多孔材料孔径和孔径分布的方法和仪器,测量采用液-液和气-液系统,测量孔径范围内为0.01～几百1μm,为简化仪器结构设计了适用于不同孔径范围的装置。     

微处理机应用系统容错设计之实例分析——温控仪容错设计

在微处理机应用系统容错设计理论的基础上,采用了过程通道、 Ｒ Ａ Ｍ 的备用容错以及系统恢复和重入技术,对温控仪容错进行了设计．     

振动噪声等高图的电驱动桥噪声预测及优化*

在项目开发前期通过优化电驱动桥扭矩特性的设计,可以规避噪声大问题。根据电驱动桥台架在对应扭矩下的振动噪声特性,提出了一套稳定高效的测试流程和分析方法。首先设计了一套完整的试验流程,制定了精准的数据分析方法。然后绘制出能够全面反映电驱动桥振动噪声特性的等高图。最后利用电驱动桥台架的振动噪声等高图,准确评估电驱动桥加速工况下振动噪声风险,为主机厂和电驱动桥零部件企业提供电驱动桥扭矩特性设计前期指导。利用该方法成功识别到某电驱动桥匀速及加速工况下电机及齿轮的啸叫问题。通过优化电驱动桥扭矩特性设计,电机48阶噪声峰值降低了8.5dB(A),确认该方法准确可靠,具备推广应用价值。     

A Comprehensive Review of Rosmarinic Acid: From Phytochemistry to Pharmacology and Its New Insight

Polyphenolic acids are the widely occurring natural products in almost each herbal plant, among which rosmarinic acid (RA, C₁₈H₁₆O₈) is well-known, and is present in over 160 species belonging to many families, especially the Lamiaceae. Aside from this herbal ingredient, dozens of its natural derivatives have also been isolated and characterized from many natural plants. In recent years, with the increasing focus on the natural products as alternative treatments, a large number of pharmacological studies have been carried out to demonstrate the various biological activities of RA such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, anti-virus, anti-tumor, neuroprotection, hepatoprotection, etc. In addition, investigations concerning its biosynthesis, extraction, analysis, clinical applications, and pharmacokinetics have also been performed. Although many achievements have been made in various research aspects, there still exist some problems or issues to be answered, especially its toxicity and bioavailability. Thus, we hope that in the case of natural products, the present review can not only provide a comprehensive understanding on RA covering its miscellaneous research fields, but also highlight some of the present issues and future perspectives worth investigating later, in order to help us utilize this polyphenolic acid more efficiently, widely, and safely.