多功能Zn(Ⅱ)金属有机骨架荧光传感器检测苯甲醛、四环素、2,4,6-三硝基苯甲酸、氟啶胺、Cr2O72-和Fe3+

成功制备了新型 Zn(Ⅱ)金属有机骨架(MOF)[Zn₂(Hdepa)(dya)₂]n (1)(H₅depa=2,2'',3,4'',5-二苯醚五羧酸,dya=2,2''-二吡啶胺)。单晶 X 射线衍射分析表明 MOF 1 由 2 个 Zn²⁺离子与 1 个 Hdepa^4-离子和 2 个 dya 分子连接组成,通过氢键形成三维骨架。用粉末X射线衍射和IR表征了配合物1的相纯度。值得注意的是,配合物1具有优异的荧光特性和热稳定性,1的高灵敏度和选择性使其能够作为荧光传感器检测苯甲醛(BZH)、四环素(TC)、2,4,6-三硝基苯酚(TNP)、氟啶胺(Flu)、Cr₂O₇^2-和Fe³⁺。此外,通过荧光寿命分析了Fe³⁺、TC、BZH对MOF 1的荧光的猝灭过程,通过能量转移研究了Fe³⁺、Cr₂O₇^2-、TNP、TC、BZH和Flu的荧光猝灭机理。     

二氧化硅-氧化石墨烯复合物固相萃取-高效液相色谱法检测植物油中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2

以二氧化硅-氧化石墨烯复合物为固相萃取材料,建立了植物油中黄曲霉毒素B1、B2的高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测方法。优化的条件为:复合材料的最佳用量为0.15 g,最佳萃取时间20 min,洗脱溶剂为乙腈,洗脱次数为2次。结果表明,在优化条件下,建立的二氧化硅-氧化石墨烯复合物固相萃取-高效液相色谱法对黄曲霉毒素B1、B2的检出限分别为0.17和0.05μg/L。将本方法应用于植物油实际样品的检测中,加标回收率在81.4%~105.3%之间,相对标准偏差为1.3%~8.6%。     

Transesterification of Soybean Oil Catalyzed by Calcium Hydroxide which Obtained from Hydrolysis Reaction of Calcium Carbide

Calcium carbide residue (CCR) was investigated in transesterification reaction of triglycerides to determine its viability as a solid catalyst for biodiesel synthesis. Literature survey showed that CCR has never been studied as a solid catalyst in the transesterification of triglyceride. The scope of the study includes the effects of CCR calcination temperature, calcination time, the alcohol/oil molar ratio, the catalyst amount (wt % of oil) and the reaction time. The relationship between chemical composition and catalytic activity of waste cement was also investigated. These CCR catalysts, thermally activated at 600 °C, can give rise to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) purity higher than 99.5%, after 3 h of reaction, when oil/methanol molar ratio of 1/12 and 1 wt % of the catalyst were employed. Application of CCR as catalyst for biodiesel production in this study may not only provide a cost‐effective and environment friendly way of recycling CCR waste but also reduce hopefully the cost of biodiesel production.     

Urea-based polyacetylenes as an optical sensor for fluoride ions

Novel acetylenes carrying urea groups, 1-(4-ethynylphenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl) urea (1), 1-(4-propargyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl) urea (2), were synthesized and polymerized with rhodium catalyst. Polymers [poly(1) and poly(2)] with moderate molecular weights were obtained in good yields. The anion sensing ability of poly(1) and poly(2) was estimated using the tetra-n-butylammonium (TBA) salts of a series of anions in DMF. Upon the addition of F-, the color of the DMF solution of poly(1) and poly(2) immediately turned to a different color, while the color of solution changed slightly upon addition of Cl-, HSO4-, Br-, and NO3-, indicating the F- sensing ability of poly(1) and poly(2). The 1H-NMR titrations of poly(1) revealed that the colorimetric response of poly(1) was triggered by the urea/F- interaction through the hydrogen bonding and/or deprotonation process. The absorption spectra titration and Hill plot analysis were carried out to measure the F- binding ability, and the Hill coefficient in the poly(1)/F- complexation was found to be 5.8. This result clearly indicated that this binding mode between poly(1) and F- was based on a positive homotropic allosterism.     

SiO2@AgCl:Ag纳米复合材料:一种可见光催化降解罗丹明B的高效等离子体光催化剂

采用多元醇沉淀以及光化学还原法制备了SiO₂担载AgCl:Ag等离子体纳米粒子。通过表征发现SiO₂@AgCl:Ag粒子呈立方-四足角状。同时,由于表面Ag簇的等离子共振效应,该催化剂在可见光区有很强的光吸收,可用于在高效降解稳定的有机染料,例如,罗丹明B。合成的SiO₂@AgCl:Ag复合催化剂可在2 min内将罗丹明B分子完全降解。自由基捕获实验进一步探究发现O₂·^-和·OH是参与降解反应的主要氧化活性物种。以上SiO₂@AgCl:Ag的这些特性使其在水净化和环境治理方面有着潜在的应用。     

双四唑胺和钐构筑的含单核结构的配合物的水热合成和晶体结构

以双四唑胺(H₂BTA)、氯化钐为原料,通过水热法合成了一个双四唑胺合钐配合物[Sm₂(BTA)₃·(H₂O)₁₀]·5H₂O(H₂BTA=双四唑胺)。X-射线单晶衍射表征了这个配合物属于三斜晶系,P1空间群。在配合物中,两种不同的Sm³⁺离子与双四唑胺的2个螯合N原子和水分子配位形成2种八配位的四方反棱柱结构的单核配合物单元。在2种单核配合物单元和结晶水分子之间,存在着O-H…N,O-H…O和N-H…N 3种不同的氢键,形成三维超分子结构     

Cu_xC_(60)薄膜紫外-可见吸收光谱研究

近来,有关 C60的研究主要集中在有关晶格动力学 [1]、电子结构 [2～ 4]和 MxC60（ M代表碱金属或碱土金属）的超导电性研究 [5].但由于 MxC60在大气中不能稳定存在,制约了 MxC60的深入研究和实际应用 .最近, Masterov等人报导了他们对 Cu/C60的超导特性研究 [6～ 7],认为其转变温度 Tc在 80～ 120 K之间,这个转变温度比现有的 MxC60的转变温度（ Tc～ 40 K）要高得多 .但有关更进一步的研究未见报导 .因此,我们拟对 CuxC60体系作较为详尽的研究,这对于进一步研究其超导机理是有必要的 .本工作是在成功地制备了 CuxC60薄膜的…     

改性Y分子筛的酸碱性能及吸附性能的研究

吡啶、吡咯、苯、甲苯、乙苯作为探针分子，在Li＋, Na＋, K＋, Cs＋改性的Y型分子筛上进行吸附，用TPD及IR方法系统地研究了不同碱金属离子改性的Y型分子筛的酸碱性能和吸附性能的变化. 结果表明，按Li、Na、K、Cs的顺序, 随着碱金属离子半径的增大, 其L酸酸强度依次减弱，L碱的强度逐渐增强.由于改性Y型分子筛所含碱金属离子的不同，其对芳烃的吸附的强弱及吸附量的大小亦不同.随着骨架外的阳离子的半径逐渐增大，碱的强度逐渐增强，与芳烃的作用愈强烈，导致TPD脱附峰温增高及芳烃和侧链上的C－H伸缩振动谱带向低波数位移愈多.由于位阻的原因，对含同一种碱金属离子的分子筛来说，随着芳烃侧链C数的增加，芳烃的吸附量逐渐减小.     

在硫酸铵存在下硫氰酸铵-孔雀绿-水液-固体系浮选分离汞（Ⅱ）

研究了在硫酸铵存在下硫氰酸铵－孔雀绿－水液－固体系浮选分离汞（Ⅱ）的行为及其与常见离子分离的条件。实验表明，在一定条件下，控制酸度条件，可实现Hg(Ⅱ）与常见离子Ni（Ⅱ），Mn（Ⅱ），Fe（Ⅱ），Bi（Ⅲ），Co（Ⅱ），Al（Ⅲ），Cr（Ⅲ），Cd（Ⅱ）分离，对合成水样及工业废水进行定量浮选分离测定，结果与双硫腙法相符。     

Direct Observation of Various Al Sites in SAPO-34by ^27Al Multiquantum(MQ) Magic Angle Spinning (MAS)NMR

The elegant 2D multiquantum (MQ) MAS NMR has been applied to investigate the coordination of Al atoms in SAPO-34.The results show that the effects of the template and /or water on the coordination of Al atoms are significant,which lead to the formation of various Al species.Up to four kinds of Al species are distinctly resolved.