Development of an LC‐MS/MS method for determining the pharmacokinetics of clonidine following oral administration of Zhenju antihypertensive compound

Zhenju antihypertensive compound (ZJAHC) is a combined Chinese–Western medicine formula including clonidine (CLO), hydrochlorothiazide (HCT), rutin, Chrysanthemum indicum extract and pearl powder. Compared with CLO preparations, ZJAHC shows improved activities and decreased adverse effects. It is believed that the side effects of CLO are caused by its high peak plasma concentration. Hence, study of the influence of ZJAHC on the pharmacokinetic behaviors of clonidine seems essential. In present study, the plasma concentrations of CLO were determined with a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method. The MS/MS transitions monitored for clonidine and internal standard were 230.2 → 213.1 and 152.2 → 110.2, respectively. The analyte was quantified in a single run within 3 min. The pharmacokinetic study showed that the area under the plasma concentration–time curve of CLO in ZJAHC (60 µg/kg CLO) was similar to that of CLO‐HCT‐high (120 µg/kg CLO) but the peak concentration was much lower than that in CLO‐HCT‐high. ZJAHC could enhance the bioavailability without greatly increasing peak concentration of clonidine. This comprehensive effect of enhancing the bioavailability and avoiding the high peak plasma concentration for CLO might mainly result from the co‐contribution of Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), while the effect of TCM was stronger than that of Western medicine. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

从“大众诗歌”的战士到“国防诗歌”的歌者——客籍诗人温流论

作为一名忠实的"大众诗歌"战士,客籍诗人温流不仅发展了20世纪30年代大众化诗歌的创作理路,而且提升了革命现实主义诗歌的精神维度。"国防诗歌"口号提出之后,温流凭着一腔热血表达了自己保卫国防的决心,也为民众发出了争自由解放的"呐喊"。温流的诗朗朗上口,富有一定的音乐美,这与他对客家山歌等的借鉴是分不开的。从客家文学发展史的角度来看,温流歌谣体诗的意义是非常突出的。     

焦炉上升管内壁结焦炭层的光谱学分析及结焦机理研究

以焦炉上升管内壁结焦炭层块为研究对象，采用X射线荧光光谱仪（XRF）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、傅里叶红外光谱仪（FTIR）和激光共聚焦拉曼光谱仪（Raman）对结焦炭层的元素组成，以及各结焦炭层的矿物组成、组成结构和分子结构进行测试。分析从结焦炭层块外表面向内表面过渡的各结焦炭层的差异性，揭示焦炉上升管内壁结焦机理。结果表明焦炉上升管内粉尘中Fe，S和Cr极易催化荒煤气中蒽、萘等稠环芳烃化合物成炭，在焦炉上升管内壁形成炭颗粒沉积，为焦油凝结挂壁提供载体，在荒煤气温度降至结焦温度时易结焦积碳。结焦炭层均含有芳香层结构，随着结焦炭层从外表面向内表面过渡，各结焦炭层的面层间距(d₀₀₂)逐渐降低、层片直径(L_a)先降低后增加、层片堆砌高度(Lc)和芳香层数(N)先稳定后增加。结焦炭层石墨化过程是由结焦炭层内表面向外表面进行，主要包括其片层外缘的羧基和部分C-O结构的降解剥离，从而形成高度规整的共轭结构。结焦炭层块中C元素是以结晶碳与无定型碳的混合物形式存在。以上研究为解决焦炉上升管内壁结焦及腐蚀问题，提高换热器换热效率，有效回收焦炉荒煤气显热，降低焦化企业能耗提供实验基础和理论依据。     

heory, controls parameter and application of the packed-bed electroosmotic pump

Theory and controls parameters affecting the output pressure and flow rate of the packed-bed electroosmotic pump (p-EOP), including zeta potential ζ, electric intensity E, length of the column L, cross-section area of the column A, dielectric constant ε and viscosity coefficient η of the liquid being pumped, are discussed concisely. And also, the fabrication and application of the p-EOP are introduced.     

论反思教学与高校外语教师自我发展

教师自身能力及素质的提高是发展教育事业的重要环节。了解反思教学理念形成的发展过程及其基本内涵，在高校外语教师中培养反思性思维，使用反思教学手段提高课堂教学效果，将有利于促进教师实现自我发展。     

Supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide in the Extraction of Lanolin and Its Alcohol

The use of supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SF-CO_2) in extraction of lanolin and its alcohol issuperior to the conventional solvent extractionmethod. Its distinctive advantages include highextractive ratio, nontoxic and nonflammablesolvents, and minimal by-product pollution. The     

发挥政府主导作用 推进科技评估管理

介绍了中国科技评估的发展状况、内容、法规建设，论述了政府在科技评估管理中的作用。     

浅析《医疗事故处理条例》存在的问题及对策

《医疗事故处理条例》颁布实施后，在医患纠纷诉讼方面仍存在一些问题．文章就其在医疗事故分级、医疗纠纷诉讼仍未设置行政裁决前置、鉴定方面、病历资料的封存和启封及医疗保险赔偿机制方面存在的问题作一阐述，并提出建议性的解决办法。     

实时系统开发与PEARL语言

本文讨论了实时系统的特征、开发方法、设计工具、实现手段工具等开发过程中的主要问题,论述了实时系统开发语言PEARL及该语言的对实时系统的主要支持.     

论美国反垄断措施及其借鉴意义

美国是世界上反垄断措施实施最为严厉的国家,有着极为丰富的反垄断经验。分析美国反垄断的理论基础与实践做法,可以促进我国电信、电力等行业竞争与反垄断,也可以为我国制订《反垄断法》等法律法规提供理论和实践借鉴。