高炉风口小套设计的理论思考与建议

利用计算机风口烧损过程数模，对市场现有几种典型风口小套进行了简单剖析，提出了烧损风口小套的“铁水流股寿命”和“铁水流股破坏能力”的概念，分析了二者对风口烧损过程的作用机理及二者在实际高炉冶炼过程中的存在规律，在此基础上设计的折流式风口小套在数十个厂家的应用中取得了理想效果，为炼铁厂在不投资改造给水设备的条件下，设计低成本长寿风口提供了参考意见。     

Bis‐benzimidazolium‐palladium system catalyzed Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reaction of aryl bromides under mild conditions

Bis‐benzimidazolium salts were prepared successfully from commercially available and inexpensive o‐phenylenediamine through a series of simple reactions. The bis‐NHC‐Pd complexes prepared in situ can catalyze Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction under very mild conditions in aqueous media with excellent yields. The efficiency of this reaction is demonstrated by its compatibility with a range of functional groups. Di‐ortho‐substituted biaryls could be accomplished in 89–99% yields. Moreover, the rigorous exclusion of air or moisture is not required in these transformations.     

Control of the microstructure of polymer network and effects of the microstructures on light scattering properties of UV‐cured polymer‐dispersed liquid crystal films

Polymer‐dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC) films were prepared from ultraviolet (UV) irradiation‐induced polymerization of the photopolymerizable monomers in photopolymerizable monomers/nematic liquid crystal (LC) mixtures. The effects of the composition of the mixtures, the curing temperature, and the UV light intensity on the microstructure of the polymer network in the PDLC films were investigated. Furthermore, the effects of the microstructures on the light scattering properties of the PDLC films in the wavelength region of 300–2500 nm were studied experimentally and theoretically based on the combination of three kinds of classical light scattering theories: the Rayleigh‐Gans (RG) approach, the anomalous diffraction (AD) approach, and the geometrical optics (GO) approach. It was found that the sizes of LC domain in PDLC films increased with the increase of the LC content as well as the decrease of the UV curing intensity, while increased at first and then decreased with the increase of the curing temperature. Moreover, smaller LC domain sizes could exhibit strong scattering properties in a smaller VIS wavelength region and the transmittance in NIR region (especially in the wavelength range of 1300–2500 nm) obviously decreased with the increasing sizes of LC domain. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 2090–2099, 2008     

Effects of the structures of polymerizable monomers on the electro‐optical properties of UV cured polymer dispersed liquid crystal films

Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films were prepared by photopolymerization of liquid crystal (LC)/polymerizable monomers/photoinitiator composites. The effects of the structures of the polymerizable monomers on the electro‐optical properties of PDLC films were investigated. It was found that the length of the molecular chain and the rigidity and flexibility of molecules influenced the structure of the polymer network in the PDLC films somewhat, and then affected the electro‐optical properties of the composites accordingly. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 46: 1369–1375, 2008     

Microscopic explosive boiling induced by a pulsed-laser irradiation

This paper presents an experimental study of microscopic explosive boiling introduced by a pulsed laser. The violent explosive boiling was observed in the liquid film, and the vapor bubbles together with liquid droplets were expelled from the platinum film. It is found that the apparent bubble nucleation temperature is a strong function of the heating rate. The pressure signal appears as continuous oscillation and is intensified as laser power density increases.     

Nearly monochromatic red electroluminescence from a nonconjugated polymer containing carbazole segments and phenanthroline [Eu(β‐diketonate)3] moieties

A novel nonconjugated copolymer (PVKEu) with carbazole segments and phenanthroline [Eu(β‐diketonate)₃] moieties was synthesized via free radical copolymerization, and characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR spectroscopy, GPC, ICP, and elemental analysis. The copolymer exhibited good solubility, as well as good thermal stability and high glass transition temperature. The photoluminescence (PL) of this polymer in solution and in solid film has been studied. A multi‐layer device with the configuration of ITO/PEDOT: PSS (40 nm)/PVKEu (70 nm)/BCP (15 nm)/AlQ₃ (30 nm)/LiF/Al exhibited nearly monochromatic red emission at 615 nm and voltage‐independent spectral stability. Our results suggest that enhancing the ligand‐mediated energy transfer between the matrix polymer and europium complex is a potential method to improve the electroluminescence performance of the Eu‐chelated polymers. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 210–221, 2009     

温度效应下曲线梁爬移的机理分析

为了明确曲线梁爬移的力学机理,进一步确定温度效应下曲线梁的爬移,利用ANSYS有限元软件建立某曲线梁的实体模型,采用稳态热分析确定各节点的温度即温度场,在此基础上采用一次荷载代替长期反复荷载、主梁横桥向位移代替爬移变形的方法分析温度效应下曲线梁爬移;然后为了进一步说明曲线梁桥的爬移机理,并探讨摩阻力使橡胶支座产生残余变形进而使曲线梁出现横向爬移的过程,利用Combine39单元模拟桥梁爬移时支座变形的累计效应,近似分析温度效应下曲线梁爬移的力学机理。研究表明：温度效应是曲线梁爬移的重要外部荷载原因,灰尘和垃圾堵塞支座空隙、支座材料老化和支座摩阻力是引起曲线梁桥爬移的主要内在因素,通过Combine39单元模拟橡胶支座的摩阻力-残余变形可以近似分析曲线梁爬移的变形累积过程,该方法能定量解释曲线梁桥横向爬移的机理。     

含热力学抑制剂钻井液侵入天然气水合物地层扰动模拟

深水油气勘探开发过程中,为防止井筒内生成天然气水合物,在钻井液中添加水合物热力学抑制剂是有效措施之一。然而含水合物热力学抑制剂钻井液侵入水合物地层的扰动影响鲜有报道。为探究水合物热力学抑制剂对水合物层的扰动规律,利用超声波测试手段,研究了NaCl、乙二醇两类水合物热力学抑制剂钻井液侵入水合物岩样的过程,并讨论了适用于水合物地层钻井液的设计要点。结果表明:含水合物热力学抑制剂的钻井液相比未含抑制剂的钻井液会显著促进水合物分解,且随着抑制剂浓度的增加,水合物分解速度会大幅度增加;NaCl盐类抑制剂促进水合物分解的作用明显强于乙二醇醇类抑制剂;钻井液侵入水合物地层引发的水合物分解呈现非匀速现象。深水钻探水合物地层时,防止地层中水合物的分解与抑制井筒中水合物的生成是相互矛盾的,研发适合水合物地层的钻井液配方来平衡这个矛盾是有效途径。     

Psi‐series method for equality of random trees and quadratic convolution recurrences

An unusual and surprising expansion of the form as , is derived for the probability p_n that two randomly chosen binary search trees are identical (in shape, hence in labels of all corresponding nodes). A quantity arising in the analysis of phylogenetic trees is also proved to have a similar asymptotic expansion. Our method of proof is new in the literature of discrete probability and the analysis of algorithms, and it is based on the logarithmic psi‐series expansions for nonlinear differential equations. Such an approach is very general and applicable to many other problems involving nonlinear differential equations; many examples are discussed in this article and several attractive phenomena are discovered.Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 44, 67–108, 2014     

一种改进的模糊阈值选取方法

提出了一种改进的模糊阈值选取方法。针对传统的模糊阈值法隶属函数窗宽不容易确定的出发点，结合传统的易于实现的阈值选取方法，巧妙的绕过了确定窗宽的问题，能够结合模糊阈值法和该传统阈值法各自所能达到的优点，并且方法非常简单，明了。实践证明，这种方法是行之有效的，并具有较强的场景适应能力。