原子系统中偶极-偶极相互作用对量子存储支撑熵不确定度的调控研究

本文研究了Markovian过程和non-Markovian过程两种情况下,原子系统中偶极-偶极(D-D)相互作用和失谐量对两原子系统量子存储支撑(QMA)熵不确定度的调控作用.与Markovian过程相比,在non-Markovian过程中,由于库环境的记忆效应使得具有D-D相互作用的两原子系统QMA熵不确定度的演化行为呈现出振荡上升现象,且熵不确定度的上升趋势得到减缓,从而抑制了由系统量子噪声引起的退相干效应.此外,D-D相互作用对两原子系统QMA熵不确定度具有显著的调控能力,且D-D相互作用比失谐量的调控能力更强.     

Femtosecond electron pulse compression by using the time focusing technique in ultrafast electron diffraction

We present a new model of an electron gun for generating subrelativistic femtosecond (fs) electron pulses. The basic idea is to utilize a dc acceleration stage combined with a time focusing region, the time focusing electrode generates an electron energy chirp for bunching at the target. Without considering the space charge effects, simulations of the electron gun were carried out under the conditions of different dc voltages and various slopes of the voltage added on the time focusing electrode. Tracing and simulating large numbers of photoelectrons through Monte-Carlo and finite difference methods, the electron pulses with 1 ps can be compressed to 55 fs, which will allow significant advances in the field of ultrafast diagnosis.     

Reduced field-of-view DTI segmentation of cervical spine tissue

The number of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies regarding the human spine has considerably increased and it is challenging because of the spine’s small size and artifacts associated with the most commonly used clinical imaging method. A novel segmentation method based on the reduced field-of-view (rFOV) DTI dataset is presented in cervical spinal canal cerebrospinal fluid, spinal cord grey matter and white matter classification in both healthy volunteers and patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Due to each channel based on high resolution rFOV DTI images providing complementary information on spinal tissue segmentation, we want to choose a different contribution map from multiple channel images. Via principal component analysis (PCA) and a hybrid diffusion filter with a continuous switch applied on fourteen channel features, eigen maps can be obtained and used for tissue segmentation based on the Bayesian discrimination method. Relative to segmentation by a pair of expert readers, all of the automated segmentation results in the experiment fall in the good segmentation area and performed well, giving an average segmentation accuracy of about 0.852 for cervical spinal cord grey matter in terms of volume overlap. Furthermore, this has important applications in defining more accurate human spinal cord tissue maps when fusing structural data with diffusion data. rFOV DTI and the proposed automatic segmentation outperform traditional manual segmentation methods in classifying MR cervical spinal images and might be potentially helpful for detecting cervical spine diseases in NMO and MS.     

Effect of defects on the electronic structure of a PbI2/MoS2 van der Waals heterostructure: A first-principles study

PbI2/MoS2,as a typical van der Waals(vdW)heterostructure,has attracted intensive attention owing to its remarkable electronic and optoelectronic properties.In this work,the effect of defects on the electronic structures of a PbI2/MoS2 heterointerface has been systematically investigated.The manner in which the defects modulate the band structure of PbI2/MoS2,including the band gap,band edge,band alignment,and defect energy-level density within the band gap is discussed herein.It is shown that sulfur defects tune the band gaps,iodine defects shift the positions of the band edge and Fermi level,and lead defects realize the conversions between the straddling-gap band alignment and valence-band-aligned gap,thus enhancing the light-absorption ability of the material.     

基于水、风混合型冷却系统的LD端面泵浦全固态连续绿光激光器

为了简化激光器冷却系统,减小体积,降低成本,设计出一种基于水、风混合型的冷却系统,具有水冷和风冷的优点,可以实现稳定的绿光激光输出.采用结构简单、紧凑的平-凹腔设计,其端镜为平面镜,输出镜为凹面镜,曲率半径R=1 m,腔长L=165 mm,获得较稳定的单端泵浦Nd:YVO4腔内倍频KTP连续绿光激光输出.当晶体吸收的泵浦功率为24.3 W时,532 nm激光功率达到4.2 W,光-光转换效率达到17.2%.在绿光输出功率为3 W的情况下,观测到的变化范围在2.5%左右,温度变化范围在0.1°左右.实验结果表明,该冷却系统能够较好地转移晶体热效应产生的热量,实现转化效率较高的绿光输出,有利于实现高功率激光器的微型化.     

强激光干扰下运动目标热损伤效应的有限元研究

为对空中飞行目标实施合理有效的强激光干扰,需要综合考虑采用的干扰方式、干扰效果以及考虑光斑偏移对干扰效果的影响。以热传导理论为基础,建立了激光辐照下移动目标温度场模型,采用伽辽金法建立了有限元分析模型,采用了等效比热容的方法处理材料的相变过程;并以Ansys软件为仿真平台,对目标在高斯分布的强激光作用下的温度场和热应力进行了综合仿真分析。结果表明,光斑与目标辐照区域的相对偏移对目标表面温度影响较大,对目标纵深破坏效应相对较小,应力变化主要发生在激光辐照区域,应力最大处也会随热源的移动而变化。     

Raman and optical absorption spectroscopic investigation of Yb-Er codoped phosphate glasses containing SiO_2

Yb-Er codoped Na2O-Al2O3-P2O5-xSiO2 glasses containing 0 - 20 mol% SiO2 were prepared successfully. The addition of SiO2 to the phosphate glass not only lengthens the bond between pS＋ and non-bridging oxygen but also reduces the number of P=O bond. In contrast with silicate glass in which there is only four-fold coordinated Si4＋, most probably there coexist [SiO4] tetrahedron and [SiO6] oetahedron in our glasses. Within the range of 0 - 20 mol% SiO2 addition, the stimulated emission cross-section of Era＋ ion only decreases no more than 10%. The Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters of Er3＋, Ω2 does not change greatly, but Ω4 and Ω6 decrease obviously with increasing SiO2 addition, because the bond between Er3＋ and O2- is more strongly eovalently bonded.     

激光单分子探测技术的研究

文中介绍利用激光激发分子荧光的方法探测液体中单个染料分子的新技术，以及作者自行设计和研制的激光单分子探测谱仪。通过探测“光子爆发”，把单个染料分子的荧光同很强的背景杂散光区别开来。进一步用８２ＭＨｚ高重复频率的锁模激光器和时间门符合技术，成功地消除了Ｒａｍａｎ散射光。目前该谱仪达到的检测限为灵敏区内仅有～７个Ｒ６Ｇ分子。     

多基色LED的照明通信光源显色性研究

可见光无线通信(visible light communication,VLC)是将LED照明技术和光通信技术相结合的一种新兴技术。针对目前LED照明通信光源显色性差、光效低且色温不可调等问题,依据多基色LED白光通信原理进行了相关研究,以Yoshi等提出的高斯分布形式作为基色LED的光谱模型,利用国际照明委员会(CIE)推荐的一般显色指数(R_a)和美国国家标准与技术研究所(National Institute of Standards and Technology,NIST)推荐的一般色质指数(Q_a)评价光源的显色性。采用遗传算法,在2 700~6 500 K色温范围内优化出单个色温以及色温可调光源满足显色性最优的光谱组合,并基于R_a和Q_a大于80的原则优化出色温可调光源光视效能(luminous efficacy of radiation,LER)最优化的光谱组合。最后根据实验结果分析了光源的显色性、光视效能和色温可调性三者之间的关系。结果表明：三基色色温可调白光LED满足显色性最优的峰值波长组合为613 nm/541 nm/464 nm,此时R_a和Q_a的最小值分别为81.2和81,可以满足一般条件下的照明通信需求;四基色色温可调白光LED满足显色性最优的峰值波长组合为620 nm/562 nm/505 nm/449 nm,此时R_a和Q_a的最小值分别为96.7和92.2。在特殊照明场所或要求较高的通信速率时,应采用四基色白光LED作为照明通信光源。仿真得到了三基色和四基色白光LED的最佳光谱组合,为宽通道可见光通信光源的设计提供了参考依据。