全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3188篇 |
免费 | 332篇 |
国内免费 | 414篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 609篇 |
晶体学 | 10篇 |
力学 | 129篇 |
综合类 | 17篇 |
数学 | 212篇 |
物理学 | 644篇 |
综合类 | 2313篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 51篇 |
2022年 | 61篇 |
2021年 | 60篇 |
2020年 | 53篇 |
2019年 | 43篇 |
2018年 | 66篇 |
2017年 | 48篇 |
2016年 | 64篇 |
2015年 | 76篇 |
2014年 | 133篇 |
2013年 | 112篇 |
2012年 | 121篇 |
2011年 | 143篇 |
2010年 | 155篇 |
2009年 | 203篇 |
2008年 | 184篇 |
2007年 | 198篇 |
2006年 | 159篇 |
2005年 | 162篇 |
2004年 | 167篇 |
2003年 | 117篇 |
2002年 | 106篇 |
2001年 | 111篇 |
2000年 | 127篇 |
1999年 | 127篇 |
1998年 | 104篇 |
1997年 | 149篇 |
1996年 | 125篇 |
1995年 | 63篇 |
1994年 | 102篇 |
1993年 | 64篇 |
1992年 | 58篇 |
1991年 | 67篇 |
1990年 | 43篇 |
1989年 | 42篇 |
1988年 | 20篇 |
1987年 | 33篇 |
1986年 | 21篇 |
1985年 | 35篇 |
1984年 | 20篇 |
1983年 | 21篇 |
1982年 | 20篇 |
1981年 | 13篇 |
1980年 | 11篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1964年 | 7篇 |
1963年 | 7篇 |
1961年 | 6篇 |
1956年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有3934条查询结果,搜索用时 18 毫秒
61.
水溶性金属卟啉肿瘤靶向磁共振成像造影剂的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用显微荧光-阿达玛变换三维图像分析研究了Cu-TSPP,Mn-TSPP,Cu-TMAP,Mn-TMAP4种水溶性金属卟啉人细胞间质进入肿瘤细胞内的富集过程,对金属卟啉的自旋-晶格驰豫性能(R1)的天空结果表明,Mn(Ⅱ)卟啉配合物的R1、值结Gd-DTPA提高1.5-2倍。 相似文献
62.
A resonance light scattering (RLS) imaging method was proposed based on imaging and measuring the RLS features of single suprahelical species of DNA, and its appfication to DNA assay was also investigated. In acidic medium, porphine-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(p-phenyltlimethylaminium) (PTPTMA), could stack along the molecular surface of DNA with the mode of long-range assembly to induce the formation of suprahelical species of DNA, resulting in strong RLS signals in the range of 450-510 nm. Under the excitation of 488 nm fight beam of argon ion laser source, single suprahelical species could be observed with the aid of a common microscope due to the strong scattered fight emitted by the suprahelical species. By capturing the RLS images of the single suprahelical species with a cooled charge coupled device (CCD) camera, and analyzing the RLS data, herein an RLS imaging method of DNA was proposed based on the linear relationship between the counts of suprahelical species in the detection focus plane and the concentration of DNA in nanograms. When 1.8 μmol/L PTPTMA was employed, both calf thymus DNA (ct DNA) and fish sperm DNA (fs DNA) in the range of 25-1100 ng/mL could be detected with the limits of detection lower than 25 ng/mL (3a). Four synthetic samples were detected satisfactorily with relative standard deviations less than 5.1%. 相似文献
63.
64.
{[Cu^Ⅱ(Hpb)(mal)]H=O}n (Hpb=2-2'-pyridylbenzimidazole, mal=maleic acid) is a helical chain-like polymer complex. In order to investigate the electronic structure of the complex, the monomer Cu^Ⅱ(Hpb)(mal) was obturated with different functional groups respectively. For these selective segments, the geometry optimizations were conducted by using hybrid DFT (B3LYP)methods to find that the structure obturated with H2O was better consistent with the experiment, and then this model would be used to latter calculations, such as the frontier molecular orbital and the NBO charge population analysis. In addition the magnetic behaviors of this complex were analyzed by experiments and the weak antiferromagnetic couple between copper(Ⅱ) ions was observed. The exchange coupling constant was calculated by DFT based on the spin broken symmetry formalism. The calculated coupling constants were in good agreement with the experimental data. 相似文献
65.
A general method in considering the core electronic correlation energies has been proposed and introduced into the standard Gaussian-2 (G2)[7] theory by small post-Hartree-Fock calculations. In this paper an additional MP2(FC)/6-31G(d) calculation over the G2 procedures is employed and examined in modification in modification to the flaw of Frozen-Core (FC) approximation of G2 vai eq.:
ΔE(full)= E[MP2(full)/6-31G(d)]-E[MP2(FC)/6-31G(d)]
where the MP2(full)/6-31G(d) energy has been obtained in the molecular geometry optimizations. This energy, ΔE(full), is directly added into the total G2 energy of a molecule in facilitating the effect of core electronic correlations for each molecule in chemical reactions. It has been shown that the over-all average absolute deviation for the 125 reaction energies of the G2 test set (test set 1) is slightly reduced from 5.09 to 5.01 kJ, mol(-1) while for the 55 D0 values, which have been used for the derivation of the A coefficient of the empirical High-Level...更多-Correction (HLC), it is also reduced from 4.99 [for both G2 and G2(COMPLETE)[8]]to 4.77 kJ• mol(-1). In addition, larger errors (greater than ±8.4 kJ•mol(-1) for the D0 energies are improved, especially for the largest error of the D0 of SO2 This error is reduced from 21.3 to 15.4 kJ. mol(-1), in which the experimental geometry would further reduce it by 7.1kJ.mol(-1)[8]. Another improvement is the absolute value of the A coefficient in HLC being reduced from 4.81 for G2 to 4.34 milli-hartrees which is believed to be useful in isolating the relationship between the HLC and the FC approximation. Modifications to the original G2 from this work is denoted as G2(fu 1) and thus the G2 (fu 1) total energy for a molecule is
E[G2(fu 1)]= E[G2]+Δ E(full)h
with a new ΔE[HLC] =-0.19α- 4.34nβ milli-hartree. 相似文献
ΔE(full)= E[MP2(full)/6-31G(d)]-E[MP2(FC)/6-31G(d)]
where the MP2(full)/6-31G(d) energy has been obtained in the molecular geometry optimizations. This energy, ΔE(full), is directly added into the total G2 energy of a molecule in facilitating the effect of core electronic correlations for each molecule in chemical reactions. It has been shown that the over-all average absolute deviation for the 125 reaction energies of the G2 test set (test set 1) is slightly reduced from 5.09 to 5.01 kJ, mol(-1) while for the 55 D0 values, which have been used for the derivation of the A coefficient of the empirical High-Level...更多-Correction (HLC), it is also reduced from 4.99 [for both G2 and G2(COMPLETE)[8]]to 4.77 kJ• mol(-1). In addition, larger errors (greater than ±8.4 kJ•mol(-1) for the D0 energies are improved, especially for the largest error of the D0 of SO2 This error is reduced from 21.3 to 15.4 kJ. mol(-1), in which the experimental geometry would further reduce it by 7.1kJ.mol(-1)[8]. Another improvement is the absolute value of the A coefficient in HLC being reduced from 4.81 for G2 to 4.34 milli-hartrees which is believed to be useful in isolating the relationship between the HLC and the FC approximation. Modifications to the original G2 from this work is denoted as G2(fu 1) and thus the G2 (fu 1) total energy for a molecule is
E[G2(fu 1)]= E[G2]+Δ E(full)h
with a new ΔE[HLC] =-0.19α- 4.34nβ milli-hartree. 相似文献
66.
67.
68.
推行工程量清单招投标已经是建筑市场发展的必然趋势.简要介绍了工程量清单报价的特点,并对其优点进行了分析.在此基础上,结合当前工程投标报价的实际情况,提出了工程量清单报价中应注意的几个问题. 相似文献
69.
提出一种投影矩的概念,并将其用于三维医学图像的配准.与传统的几何矩相比,投影矩不仅可以完各地描述图像的特征,而且计算量较小,因而可以将其用于三维图像的实时配准.选取待配准的2幅三维图像若干阶投影矩差的平方和为目标函数,采用Powell方法求取最优解,得到配准结果.将方法应用于一些模拟和实际数据,获得了较高精度的实验结果;并且缩短了整个计算过程的时间.这表明投影矩在多模态医学图像的配准和融合等方面具有潜在的实用价值. 相似文献
70.
设D是Cn空间中具有C(1)边界 D的有界域,本文利用D上一个局部有限的可数强拟凸开复盖,定义了D上一个新的局部全纯的σ点有限的单位分解,建立了D上一个更一般的具有离散局部全纯核的Cauchy积分公式并获得D上 方程的具有离散核的解的积分表示. 相似文献