基于循环交互注意力网络的问答立场分析

针对现有问答立场分析方法未考虑问答文本间交互依赖关系的不足,该文提出一种基于循环交互注意力(recurrent interactive attention,RIA)网络的问答立场分析方法。该方法模拟人类的问答阅读理解机制,采用交互注意力机制和循环迭代策略,结合问题和回答的相互联系分析问答文本的立场信息。此外,为了处理问题文本无法明确表达自身立场的情况,该方法将问题转换为陈述句。在中文社交问答数据集上的实验结果表明,由于有效地表示了问答对依赖关系,本文方法的性能优于已有方法。     

二氧化碳和水气氛对高钠煤转化过程中钠迁移的影响

对新疆的两种高钠煤（伊犁煤YL、呼图壁煤HTB）进行了N₂、CO₂和H₂O气氛和不同温度下钠迁移的研究。采用逐级萃取和湿法消解法确定了原煤、半焦中钠的赋存形态,定量研究了两种煤中钠的挥发及迁移规律。结果表明,YL煤的形态钠中水溶钠占80.08%,HTB煤的形态钠中不溶钠占61.54%。不同气氛下,升高温度都可促进两种煤中钠的挥发,半焦中水溶钠比例减小,醋酸铵可溶钠比例会出现先增加后减少现象,盐酸可溶钠比例呈增加趋势。对于YL煤,CO₂气氛可抑制钠的挥发,H₂O蒸气可促进钠的挥发;900℃时,YL煤CO₂气氛下钠挥发仅为N₂气氛下的50.25%,而H₂O气氛钠挥发为N₂气氛下的111.45%。对于HTB煤,CO₂气氛也可抑制钠的挥发,900℃时CO₂气氛下钠挥发为N₂气氛的80.91%;HTB煤在H₂O蒸气下,800℃之前钠挥发高于N₂,当900℃时,钠挥发略低于N₂气氛。YL煤形态钠中以水溶钠为主,其挥发的同时会向盐酸可溶钠及不溶钠转变。而HTB煤形态钠中以不溶钠为主,其次是水溶钠,CO₂和H₂O气氛能促进不溶钠向其他可溶态钠转变。     

夹心三明治结构的二十五核银硫簇合物[Ag_(25)(SC_6H_4Pr~i)_(18)(dppp)_6](CF_3SO_3)_7·CH_3CN:结构表征及光学性能（英文）

在本研究中,使用(~iPrC_6H_4SAg)_n作为合成银硫纳米簇合物的前驱体。当存在辅助的双膦配体1,3·双(二苯基膦)丙烷(dppp)及可溶性银盐(CF_3S0_3Ag),在超声合成条件下,获得了一例二十五核银硫簇合物Ag_(25),并借助X射线单晶衍射技术确定相应的分子结构。该银硫簇合物具有夹心三明治的骨架结构:分别由两个结构相似的圆柱体共享一个七核纯银簇所构成的金属簇平面。固态紫外可见漫反射光谱测试表明该簇合物的能级带隙为2.5 eV,属于半导体材料的范畴。固态发光测试显示,该簇合物在室温下发射绿光。     

Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol over Co-B Amorphous Catalysts Prepared by Chemical Reduction in Variable Media

Five Co-B amorphous alloy catalysts were prepared by chemical reduction in different media, including pure water and pure ethanol as well as the mixture of ethanol and water with variable ethanol content, Their catalytic properties were evaluated using liquid phase furfural hydrogenation to furfuryl alcohol as the probe reaction. It was found that the reaction media had no significant influence on either the amorphous structure of the Co-B catalyst or the electronic interaction between metallic Co and alloying B. This could successfully account for the fact that all the as-prepared Co-B catalysts exhibited almost the same selectivity to furfuryl alcohol and the same activity per surface area （ Rs ）, which could be considered as the intrinsic activity, since the nature of active sites remained unchanged. However, the activity per gram of Co （ R^mH ） of the as-prepared Co-B catalysts increased rapidly when the ethanol content in the water-ethanol mixture used as the reaction medium for catalyst preparation increased. This could be attributed to the rapid increase in the surface area possibly owing to the presence of more oxidized boron species which could serve as a support for dispersing the Co-B amorphous alloy particles.     

A Novel Inorganic-Organic Composite Constructed from Cobalt（Ⅱ）-Monosubstituted Polyoxometalates and Poly（amidoamine）-NH2 DendrimersA Novel Inorganic-Organic Composite Constructed from Cobalt（Ⅱ）-Monosubstituted Polyoxometalates and Poly（amidoamine）-NH2 Dendrimers

An inorganic-organic composite was prepared by poly（amidoamine） （PAMAM） dendrimer reacting with cobalt（Ⅱ）-monosubstituted polyoxometalates Na5Co^Ⅱ（H2O）PW11O39 （PW11CO） in an aqueous solution. The hybrid composite PW11Co/PAMAM was characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra （DR-UV-Vis）, XPS, XRD and TG/DTA, indicating that the PWI iCo was chemically anchored to PAMAM. The morphologies of the title composite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The catalytic activity was evaluated by oxidation of isobutyraldehyde （IBA） to isobutyric acid （IBAc） in MeCN under mild conditions （20 ℃, ambient pressure）, showing that the title compound is a more effective and recoverable catalyst than corresponding PW11Co.     

碳酸的动力学稳定性

介绍了单体碳酸的动力学稳定性 ,讨论了水分子对碳酸分解速率的影响及溶液中碳酸不稳定的原因     

加氢精制催化剂的状态对吡啶加氢脱氮活性的影响

发现在同样反应条件下,各种不同类型的加氢精制催化剂还原态比硫化态的吡啶加氢脱氮活性要高得多,某些催化剂的吡啶脱氮率甚至要高出一个数量级以上。通过研究Ni/Ni+W原子比与硫化态和还原态NiO-WO_3/Al_2O_3催化剂吡啶加氢脱氮活性的关系,可以清楚地看出:在硫化态催化剂中钨的硫化物是主要活性组份,而镍的硫化物是助剂;另一方面,在还原态催化剂中主要活性物质是镍。通过对吡啶加氢脱氮反应机理的分析,认识到金属Ni和金属Co不仅具有很高的加氢功能,对氮己环中的C-N键断裂也具有很高的氢解功能。用热重法对NiO-WO_3/Al_2O_3催化剂体系进行还原动力学研究的结果表明:催化剂的还原度和初始还原活化能与吡啶加氢脱氮活性之间有很好的对应关系。对催化剂还原过程的动力学数据分别用Elovich方程和核增长模型进行数据处理,结果表明,Elovich方程能更好地反映催化剂还原的动力学特征。