PVA/PAA水凝胶纤维的电刺激响应性能

以过硫酸胺为引发剂,在PVA水溶液中原位聚合丙烯酸单体,得到的PVA／PAA混合水溶液在凝固浴硫酸胺饱和水溶液中纺丝制备了物理缠结和氢固定网络形式的PVA／PAA水凝胶纤维。该纤维于NaCl溶液中在直流电场作用下具有电流－刺激敏感性,表现为溶胀、收缩、弯曲行为。纤维的弯曲速度和最大弯曲度随电场强度和凝胶网络中PAA含量的增加而增大,随电解质溶液离子强度的变化出现临界最大值。纤维向负极弯曲的过程中,在电场下自由离子和反庆子迁移引起的渗透压主导作用,弯曲过程主要是溶胀弯曲;向正极弯曲过程中,由于电化学反应和电场作用下产生的PH梯度导致凝胶网络构像变化主导作用,弯曲主要是收缩弯曲;弯曲由负极向正极转化过程中,两种机理对弯曲的影响相对平衡。     

Solubility Behaviour of Cellulose in a Sodium Hydrate/Urea/Thiourea Aqueous Solvent

Cellulose pulps were directly dissolved in a green solvent of sodium hydrate/urea/thiourea/water with different composition for the purpose to prepare new regenerated cellulose fibers or films. The results showed that the highest solubility of cellulose in the solvent with the composition of 8/8/6.5/77.5. The results revealed that the pulp feeding sequence, stirring rate, pre-treatment of pulp and pulp size affected the cellulose concentration in the green solvent. Accordingly, the more effective dissolution method was proposed in order to get higher concentration of cellulose. Furthermore, the properties of solution prepared by different kinds of pulps in the solvent were investigated by ARES rheometer. Rheologieal analyses indicated that all cellulose aqueous solutions in their high concentration were pseudoplastic fluids and sensitive to temperature and tended to transform to gel when temperature increased.     

Acetalization of Poly（vinyl alcohol） /Soybean Protein Fibers

Acetalizatioin on the blend fibers of poly （vinyl alcohol） （PVA） and soybean protein （SP） was studied by using dialdehydes as cross-linking agents. The optimal acetalization conditions were determined by Latin square experiment, where the modified fibers with good mechanical properties can be achieved by treating in 41 g/L dialdehyde solution at 67 ℃ for 9 min. The cross-linking reactions of PVA and SP with dialdehydes were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy. Tensile test and boiling water shrinkage measurements showed that the physical properties of PVA/SP fibers crosslinked by dialdehydes were improved comparing with those formalized fibers.     

AN-g-casein浓溶液在毛细管流动中的粘弹行为

采用气压式毛细管流变仪，测定了丙烯腈－酷素接枝共聚物（ＡＮ－ｇ－ｃａｓｅｉｎ）浓溶液的流变性能。求得了适合高剪切速率的弹性模量（Ｇ），发现Ｇ随剪切速率的增加而升高，纠正了早原（由于在高剪切速率下仍采用同一个入口校正所造成）的相反结论；定量地求得了表观弹性活化能（Ｅｅ）；在高剪切速率下，可复弹性形变较之表观粘度对于的变化更敏感，是引起孔口膨化的主要原因，采用本文方法，可估算纺丝过程的膨化比，再由此选     

SYNTHESES OF PHOTOCHROMIC PIGMENTS

Photochromism is a phenomenon that a compound undergoes a reversible color change with the change of the wavelength of the irradiating light. Many photochromic compounds have been used in textiles as photochromic pigments.In this paper, some special techniques are used to prepare a photochromic compound of spirooxazines with an improved yield. Another photochromic spirooxazine with a sulfonate group which is soluble in water is also successfully synthesized. Tests are also conducted to find that they both display good photochromism in proper states.     

改性聚酯异形中空微孔纤维性能研究

利用不同的异形喷丝板,将聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)与不同间苯二甲酸- 5- 磺酸基团摩尔含量的共聚酯(HCDP)共混纺丝,制得一系列改性聚酯纤维.改性纤维的断裂强度随共混HCDP中磺酸基团摩尔含量的增加呈现下降趋势,但该趋势在磺酸基团含量达到一定数量后出现回升.纤维对阳离子染料的吸收率随磺酸基团摩尔含量的增加而增加,但对分散染料而言此差异较小,并且不论何种染料,纤维横截面的变化对上染率的影响均不明显.碱处理对纤维上染率影响巨大.纤维保水率与纤维碱处理后形成的具有毛细效应的微孔结构以及异型纤维本身形成的毛细结构有密切关系,而且纤维对水分的传输性能在很大程度上取决于纤维的横截面形状,纤维碱处理后形成的微孔特别是透孔结构有助于输水性能的改善.     

高收缩涤纶的研究 第一报:纤维结构对热收缩的影响

本文介绍应用密度梯度管、双折射、X 线衍射、红外吸收光谱及热机械仪测定了强度在3.5克/旦以上、沸水收缩率在5—65%的各种高收缩纤维的结构,探讨了纤维结构对沸水收缩率的影响以及纤维收缩前后结构的变化。     

离子化共聚酯的热转变及结构形态研究

本文以差示扫描量热法（DSC）连续升温和降温，对含量不同的离子化共聚酯（聚合物）由对苯二甲酸PTA、乙二醇EG、间苯二甲酸磺酸钠Na-SIPA缩聚制备，产物中含有（10mol%的离子基团）进行大范围温度扫描，表征了离子化共聚酯分子运动以及热性能的各种特征。在SIP含量≥3mol%时发现在熔融过程中存在热可逆变化，而且随着SIP含量的增加该变化更加明显，并随样品热处理条件的不同而呈现出不确定性，表明了离子基团之间存在着强烈的相互作用，而且这种作用以多种形式存在并由此形成了聚集形态的多样性。运用离子聚集理论分析了实验结果，为离子聚集理论提供了新的实验依据。     

Ce(IV)/PEO-NH2氧化还原引发体系制备聚丙烯腈-聚环氧乙烷嵌段共聚物的研究

首先利用阴离子聚合，合成了含有胺端基的大分子引发剂聚环氧乙烷（PEO－NH2），然后利用铈离子与聚环氧乙烷组成氧化还原引发体系，在水溶液中合成了聚丙烯腈与聚环氧乙烷的嵌段共聚物（PAN－b-PEO)，通过FT－IR，NMR，GPC等分析测试确定了嵌段共聚物的生成，并对反应条件对聚合的影响进行了分析研究。结果表明，产率随着温度的升高而呈增加趋势；随着经发剂PEO－NH2含量的增加，产率开始呈增加，然后呈下降趋势。     

Compatibility of Soybean Protein and Poly (vinyl alcohol)

IntroductionTheuseofsoybean ,peanut,zeinandothervegetableproteinsasinexpensivefibermaterialstoreplacewoolandsilkcanbetracedbackto 1930s.Earlyin 1935 ,theItalianfirm ,SniaViscosa ,beganlarge scaleproductionofcaseinfibers[1] .Shortlyafterward ,ICIinEngland produced peanut proteinfibersknownasArdil.CoCornProductRefiningmanufacturedzeinproteinfiberin 1939.Theseusesofseedmealsintoindustryenhancethevalueoftheagriculturematerial.Thelargeintroductionofpetroleum basedfibersduring 194 0sand 195 0s…