O-GlcNAcase抑制剂

O-连接的N-乙酰葡糖胺糖基化修饰 (O-GlcNAcylation) 是一种存在于蛋白质Ser/Thr上的翻译后修饰。与磷酸化相似,它参与细胞内的信号传递,并与神经退行性疾病、Ⅱ型糖尿病、癌症等许多疾病的发病机理密切相关。O-连接的N-乙酰葡糖胺水解酶 (O-GlcNAcase, OGA) 是生物体内唯一水解蛋白质O-GlcNAc修饰的糖苷酶。因此,研究高效、专一的OGA小分子抑制剂是调节细胞中蛋白质O-GlcNAc水平的有效策略,利于阿尔茨海默病等相关神经退行性疾病新型药物的开发。结合本实验室对OGA抑制剂的研究,本文介绍了OGA的结构、催化机理及目前OGA抑制剂的研究进展,讨论了各种抑制剂的构效关系,并对OGA抑制剂的研究前景进行了展望。     

炭吸附Bi2O3/TiO2复合粉体的制备及其光催化性能研究

利用炭吸附溶胶凝胶法,以钛酸丁酯为钛源,氧化铋为铋源制备氧化铋含量为10;(质量分数)的纳米Bi2O3/TiO2复合粉体.通过热重/差热仪(TG-DTA)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和紫外可见光谱仪(UV-Vis)等对所得催化剂的焙烧温度、物相、微粒尺寸及光吸收性能进行表征.结果表明:炭黑的吸附有效阻止了纳米Bi2O3/TiO2复合粉体在制备、干燥以及焙烧过程的团聚和烧结,制得的粉体颗粒均匀,分散性好,团聚较少,经600℃焙烧的粉体,平均颗粒直径约为18.8 nm,比表面积约为86.52 m2/g.亚甲基蓝紫外光催化反应结果表明,在50 min内亚甲基蓝在Bi2O3/TiO2催化剂上几乎完全分解.     

高精度V棱镜折射仪光机结构设计

针对传统V棱镜折射仪采用光学度盘,目视对准方式无法满足现代光学玻璃生产线以及高精度折射率测量的需求。提出一种新型的高精度基于CCD 机器视觉对准的V棱镜折射仪的总体设计方案,并对准直光管、传动机构、锁紧和微调机构以及轴角编码测角机构等主要组成部分进行了光机结构设计。在考虑空气折射率影响因素的修正公式的基础上,分析了仪器的检测误差。实验结果表明:其折射率检测精度可达 310-6,满足了高精度V棱镜折射仪的技术指标要求。     

基于数字微镜阵列的协同目标跟踪系统设计

针对多镜头目标跟踪系统协同性差及单镜头系统目标跟踪观测过程中视场小、无法实现宽视场跟踪的现状,设计了能同时实现宽视场跟踪窄视场局部目标检测的协同跟踪系统。该系统基于数字微镜阵列高反射率、高性能视场分割的特点。验证实验中,宽窄视场分割系统实现了50 ms的协同成像周期;窄视场像中心调整系统不超过2%的绝对位置误差,为局部目标光束中心难以与窄视场成像系统视轴重合问题的解决提供了实验依据。     

A first-principles study of B2 NiAl alloyed with rare earth element Pr, Pm, Sm, and Eu

The structural, elastic, and electronic properties of NiAl alloyed with rare earth elements Pr, Pm, Sm, and Eu are investigated by using density functional theory (DFT). The study suggests that Pr, Pm, Sm, and Eu are all tend to be substituted for Al site. Ni₈Al₇Pm possesses the largest ductility. Only the hardness and ductility of Ni₈Al₇Eu are enhanced simultaneously. The covalency strength of Ni-Al bond in Ni₈Al₇Pm is higher than that in Ni₈Al₇Eu. The covalency strength of Al-Al bond and that of Ni-Ni bond in Ni₈Al₇Eu are higher than that in Ni₈Al₇Pm. Ni-Pm bond and Ni-Eu bond are covalent, and the covalency strength of Ni-Pm bond is greater. Al-Pm bond and Al-Eu bond show great covalency strength and ionicity, respectively.     

毫秒激光烧蚀镍靶高效率制备NiO纳米立方体

利用长脉宽毫秒激光烧蚀浸没在循环水中的金属镍靶制备了大量的氧化镍(NiO)纳米立方体, 通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 选区电子衍射(SAED)、 X射线衍射(XRD)和能量色散谱(EDS)等手段表征了产物的形貌和结构. 结果表明, 高功率密度激光产生的高温高压条件是形成NiO纳米立方体的最重要因素. 激光功率密度高于10⁴ W/cm²时可以生成NiO纳米立方体, 当功率高于该阈值时激光首先将镍靶烧蚀为金属液滴, 高温的金属液体加热周围液体, 并由于液体的限制效应使得压力进一步升高, 最后金属液滴与液体发生表面反应生成NiO纳米立方体.     

Adjusting the properties of the photon generated via an optical parametric oscillator by using a pulse pumped laser

The cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion far below threshold can be used to generate a narrow-band photon pair efficiently. Previous experiments on the cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion almost always utilize continuous wave pump light, but the pulse pumped case is rarely reported. One disadvantage of the continuous wave case is that the photon pair is produced randomly within the coherence time of the pump, which limits its application in the quantum information realm. However, a pulse pump can help to solve this problem. In this paper, we theoretically analyze pulse pumped cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion in detail and show how the pump pulse affects the multi-photon interference visibility, two-photon waveform, joint spectrum and spectral brightness.     

轴向运动复合材料圆柱壳的非线性振动研究

采用Runge–Kutta法和多尺度法对轴向运动分层复合材料薄壁圆柱壳的非线性振动特性进行了研究。首先根据层合壳理论建立轴向运动分层复合材料薄壁圆柱壳的波动方程,利用Galerkin法对方程进行离散,得到相互耦合模态方程组。然后应用Runge –Kutta法分析了不同参数条件下的幅频特性曲线,得到了系统由于固有频率接近所导致的内共振现象,以及系统呈现软特性等非线性特性。最后采用多尺度法进行了系统1:1内共振时的近似解析分析,对系统在不同参数下的振动研究表明,激振力幅值、阻尼、速度等参数对位移响应幅值、共振区间、模态间的耦合度及系统软特性程度均有影响,其结论与数值计算结果一致,并同时对解的稳定性进行了研究。     

光学防抖对提高相机成像清晰度的影响分析

研究了光学防抖提高相机成像清晰度的原理和效果。从相机成像光路上分析了抖动对成像的影响并给出抖动造成的偏移量的表达式;建立了光学防抖的控制模型,采用PID控制算法,利用MATLAB仿真得出防抖效果;在关闭和开启光学防抖条件下,对成像目标拍摄并经处理后得到2组8幅150112像素的图像。在基于频率域的直方图上,有光学防抖的图像增加10个左右高频分量;在基于空间域的能量梯度曲线上,有光学防抖的图像数量级从104提高到了105。     

Shrinking device realized by using layered structures of homogeneous isotropic materials

We propose the practical realization of a shrinking device by using layered structures of homogeneous isotropic materials.By mimicking the shrinking device with concentric alternating thin layers of isotropic dielectrics,the permittivity and the permeability in each isotropic layer can be properly determined from the effective medium theory in order to achieve the shrinking effect.The device realized by multilayer coating with dielectrics is validated by TE wave simulation,and good shrinking performance is demonstrated with only a few layers of homogeneous isotropic materials.