A first-principles study of B2 NiAl alloyed with rare earth element Pr, Pm, Sm, and Eu

The structural, elastic, and electronic properties of NiAl alloyed with rare earth elements Pr, Pm, Sm, and Eu are investigated by using density functional theory (DFT). The study suggests that Pr, Pm, Sm, and Eu are all tend to be substituted for Al site. Ni₈Al₇Pm possesses the largest ductility. Only the hardness and ductility of Ni₈Al₇Eu are enhanced simultaneously. The covalency strength of Ni-Al bond in Ni₈Al₇Pm is higher than that in Ni₈Al₇Eu. The covalency strength of Al-Al bond and that of Ni-Ni bond in Ni₈Al₇Eu are higher than that in Ni₈Al₇Pm. Ni-Pm bond and Ni-Eu bond are covalent, and the covalency strength of Ni-Pm bond is greater. Al-Pm bond and Al-Eu bond show great covalency strength and ionicity, respectively.     

毫秒激光烧蚀镍靶高效率制备NiO纳米立方体

利用长脉宽毫秒激光烧蚀浸没在循环水中的金属镍靶制备了大量的氧化镍(NiO)纳米立方体, 通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 选区电子衍射(SAED)、 X射线衍射(XRD)和能量色散谱(EDS)等手段表征了产物的形貌和结构. 结果表明, 高功率密度激光产生的高温高压条件是形成NiO纳米立方体的最重要因素. 激光功率密度高于10⁴ W/cm²时可以生成NiO纳米立方体, 当功率高于该阈值时激光首先将镍靶烧蚀为金属液滴, 高温的金属液体加热周围液体, 并由于液体的限制效应使得压力进一步升高, 最后金属液滴与液体发生表面反应生成NiO纳米立方体.     

Adjusting the properties of the photon generated via an optical parametric oscillator by using a pulse pumped laser

The cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion far below threshold can be used to generate a narrow-band photon pair efficiently. Previous experiments on the cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion almost always utilize continuous wave pump light, but the pulse pumped case is rarely reported. One disadvantage of the continuous wave case is that the photon pair is produced randomly within the coherence time of the pump, which limits its application in the quantum information realm. However, a pulse pump can help to solve this problem. In this paper, we theoretically analyze pulse pumped cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion in detail and show how the pump pulse affects the multi-photon interference visibility, two-photon waveform, joint spectrum and spectral brightness.     

轴向运动复合材料圆柱壳的非线性振动研究

采用Runge–Kutta法和多尺度法对轴向运动分层复合材料薄壁圆柱壳的非线性振动特性进行了研究。首先根据层合壳理论建立轴向运动分层复合材料薄壁圆柱壳的波动方程,利用Galerkin法对方程进行离散,得到相互耦合模态方程组。然后应用Runge –Kutta法分析了不同参数条件下的幅频特性曲线,得到了系统由于固有频率接近所导致的内共振现象,以及系统呈现软特性等非线性特性。最后采用多尺度法进行了系统1:1内共振时的近似解析分析,对系统在不同参数下的振动研究表明,激振力幅值、阻尼、速度等参数对位移响应幅值、共振区间、模态间的耦合度及系统软特性程度均有影响,其结论与数值计算结果一致,并同时对解的稳定性进行了研究。     

光学防抖对提高相机成像清晰度的影响分析

研究了光学防抖提高相机成像清晰度的原理和效果。从相机成像光路上分析了抖动对成像的影响并给出抖动造成的偏移量的表达式;建立了光学防抖的控制模型,采用PID控制算法,利用MATLAB仿真得出防抖效果;在关闭和开启光学防抖条件下,对成像目标拍摄并经处理后得到2组8幅150112像素的图像。在基于频率域的直方图上,有光学防抖的图像增加10个左右高频分量;在基于空间域的能量梯度曲线上,有光学防抖的图像数量级从104提高到了105。     

Shrinking device realized by using layered structures of homogeneous isotropic materials

We propose the practical realization of a shrinking device by using layered structures of homogeneous isotropic materials.By mimicking the shrinking device with concentric alternating thin layers of isotropic dielectrics,the permittivity and the permeability in each isotropic layer can be properly determined from the effective medium theory in order to achieve the shrinking effect.The device realized by multilayer coating with dielectrics is validated by TE wave simulation,and good shrinking performance is demonstrated with only a few layers of homogeneous isotropic materials.     

Properties of a dielectric plate using entangled two-photon states

We theoretically study the properties of a dielectric plate with a modified Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer. The fourth-order correlation functions are calculated in two regimes, which are divided depending on the relative size between the thickness of the dielectric plate and the one-photon coherence length. When the thickness of the dielectric plate is less than the one-photon coherence length, a novel modulation behavior of the coincidence rate is observed, which has not been discussed before. If the thickness of the dielectric plate is larger than the one-photon coherence length, coalescence and anti-coalescence are observed. The obtained results highlight the effects of a linear optical element on fourth-order interference.     

轴向移动局部浸液单向板的1:3内共振分析

考虑单向板的轴向速度、轴向张力、流固耦合作用以及阻尼等因素, 基于由 von Kármán薄板大挠度方程得到的轴向移动局部浸液单向板的非线性振动方程, 研究了外激励作用下单向板在1:3内共振情况时的非线性振动特性. 首先利用Galerkin法对非线性振动方程离散化, 然后分别应用数值法和近似解析法对离散后模态方程组进行求解, 获得了系统内共振情况下复杂的幅频特性曲线, 并讨论了周期解的稳定性. 最后研究了1:3内共振系统平均方程组的运动分岔现象.     

Ag纳米颗粒表面等离子体共振增强DSSC电池的制备及性能研究

使用水热法制备了一系列不同含量Ag纳米颗粒掺杂的Ag-TiO2复合光阳极的染料敏化太阳能电池,同时,研究了不同含量Ag纳米颗粒掺杂对染料敏化太阳能电池的结构和性能的影响.实验结果表明：Ag的掺入增强了吸附在Ag-TiO2复合光阳极上的染料对光的吸收,显著地提高了对应电池的短路电流.在Ag掺入量为0.20%的时候,对应的电池具有最佳的性能,其短路电流为10.66mA/cm2,开路电压Voc为697mV,光电转换效率为5.59%,显著优于纯TiO2光阳极电池的效率.其性能的改善主要归因于掺入Ag纳米颗粒的表面等离子体共振吸收效应使电池光阳极对光的吸收增强所致.     

宜昌润楠中酚类成分的研究

通过溶剂提取法和多种色谱方法对宜昌润楠(Machilus ichangensis Rehd. et Wils.)的干燥茎枝进行分离纯化,利用现代波谱技术(MS、1H NMR、13C NMR、DEPT、CD)和理化性质进行结构鉴定.从宜昌润楠95%乙醇提取物中分离得到16个酚类化合物,分别鉴定为(2R,3R)-4′-羟基-5,7,3′-三甲氧基黄烷-3-醇(1),(2R,3R)-3-羟基-5,7-二甲氧基-4′,5′-亚甲二氧基黄烷(2),(＋)-儿茶素(3),(－)-表儿茶素(4),柚皮素(5),达维荚蒾苷元(6),反式对香豆酸(7),咖啡酸(8),阿魏酸(9),异阿魏酸(10),东莨菪素(11),异东莨菪素(12),胡椒基酸(13),香草酸(14),原儿茶酸(15),丁香酸(16).所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到.