壳聚糖对益生菌生长的影响及其机理——以地衣芽孢杆菌为例

壳聚糖对细菌的影响是当前壳聚糖应用研究的热点问题。选择益生菌地衣芽孢杆菌为研究对象,采用控制变量法,实验观测不同浓度的壳聚糖对地衣芽孢杆菌生长的影响。结果表明,不同浓度的壳聚糖对于益生菌地衣芽孢杆菌生长既有抑制作用,也有促进作用。以O．50％壳聚糖浓度为限,浓度小于O．50％时表现为抑制作用,而浓度大于O．50％时表现为促进作用。     

河南省鱼类新纪录种——无须鱊

2016年12月河南省鱼类资源调查队于河南省邓州市采集到鱊属鱼类共13尾,经过形态学鉴定和分子生物学实验相结合的方法确定其为河南省鱊亚科鱊属鱼类新纪录种——无须鱊(Acheilognathus gracilis),其主要特征为体侧扁,呈长纺锤形;口亚下位;无须;侧线完全;背鳍和臀鳍末端不分支,鳍条骨化成硬刺,腹鳍起点稍前于背鳍,臀鳍起点位于背鳍基中后部;背鳍II-8-9;臀鳍II-7,胸鳍I-13-15;腹鳍I-6-7;侧线鳞32～35;鳃耙22～29.对该新纪录种的形态特征、系统发育、分布范围、生境情况以及资源现状等进行了详细的描述.     

Asymmetric vortices flow over slender body and its active control at high angle of attack

The studies of asymmetric vortices flow over slender body and its active control at high angles of attack have significant importance for both academic field and engineering area. This paper attempts to provide an update state of art to the investigations on the fields of forebody asymmetric vortices. This review emphasizes the correlation between micro-perturbation on the model nose and its response and evolution behaviors of the asymmetric vortices. The critical issues are discussed, which include the formation and evolution mechanism of asymmetric multi-vortices; main behaviors of asymmetric vortices flow including its deterministic feature and vortices flow structure; the evolution and development of asymmetric vortices under the perturbation on the model nose; forebody vortex active control especially discussed micro-perturbation active control concept and technique in more detail. However present understanding in this area is still very limited and this paper tries to identify the key unknown problems in the concluding remarks. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10172017), Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (02A51048) and Foundation of National Key Laboratory of Aerodynamic Design and Research (51462020504HK0101)     

磷在硅表面氧化层中的扩散

用示踪原子方法,研究了磷(Na₂HP³²O₄)在p型硅表面氧化层中的扩散。硅单晶的电阻率为5—6欧姆·厘米。氧化层是在高温下水汽中生长的,其厚度为0.5—0.6微米,是用灵敏度为10^-5克/刻度的微量天平测定的。发现在1245℃时氧化层的生长规律服从X^1.85=1.4×10^-2t,其中X为氧化层的厚度,单位为微米;t为氧化层的生长时间,单位为分钟。其红外吸收的测量结果与文献中的数据基本一致。扩散是在充满空气的封闭石英管中进行的,扩散温度为700—1250℃,扩散时间从4分钟到5小时。实验结果表明,磷在SiO₂层中的浓度分布不能直接用菲克第二定律描述,它可以看成是一个均匀分布和一个遵守菲克第二定律的分布的迭加。按后一种分布得到在700—1200℃范围内的扩散系数的温度依赖关系:D=1.9×10^-9exp(-1.1/kT)厘米²/秒。均匀分布部分的浓度为(1—8)×10¹⁹原子/厘米³。大中对所用方法和所得结果作了简单讨论.     

A critical pattern of crossflow around a slender

IntroductionModernhigh_performancefightersoftenrequiretobeoperatedunderafairlylargeangleofattacksoastoachieveexcellentmaneuverabilityandagility .Atsuchlargeangleofattack ,asymmetricallee_sidevortexflowwillformatthefrontpartofthefuselage .Sothatsuchagreats…     

Stability of the crossflow pattern around a slender and influence of disturbance

Topological structure and stability of a slender cross flow is discussed by the stability theory of dynamic system. The inner boundary of flow field was limiting streamline and it was proved that the topological structure connected saddles by limiting streamline is stable. It is proved that the development of slender vortices leads to the change of topological structure about cross flow. And it is the change from stable and symmetrical vortices flow pattern to unstable and symmetrical vortices flow pattern, and then to stable and asymmetrical vortices flow pattern due to little disturbance which leads to the development of asymmetrical slender vortices. The influence of disturbance to flowfield structure was discussed by unfolding theory too.     

后掠激波诱导分离特性的马赫数影响

利用壁面压力测量和表面油流显示技术对后掠压缩角产生的激波与湍流边界层干扰进行了实验研究。主要研究了来流马赫数对干扰分离特性和起始分离条件的影响，实验的马赫数为１．７９，２．０４和２．５０，相应的雷诺数为２．４２—２．４７×１０￣７／ｍ．实验模型共１５个，其后掠角变化范围是０°—６０°，流向压缩角变化范围是１０°—３０°，实验结果表明，与二维干扰不同，对于大后掠角的三维干扰来说，分离线上的压比和起始分离时的无粘激波压比近似相等，且是一个与马赫数无关的常数。     

大迎角细长体绕流背涡结构与气动特性分析

结合实验成果，对大迎角细长体绕流结构及其气动特征进行了分析。利用势流理论，探讨了大迎角下非对称侧向力沿物体轴线的变化特征与分离背涡结构之间的关系，得出截面侧向力系数沿轴向呈现正弦型曲线的变化特征是由轴向旋涡不断脱落所形成的多涡系统诱导的结果。对于三涡以上的多涡系统中，对称的物面压强分布并非一定对应对称的涡结构。     

磷在SiO2-Si系统中的扩散

用中子激活方法,对气态P₂O₅在SiO₂-Si系统中的扩散分布进行了直接测量。样品为p型Si单晶,电阻率为3—5欧姆·厘米,氧化层是在1250℃下水汽中生长的,其厚度为0.45—0.47微米。实验结果表明:对于完全掩蔽的样品,磷在SiO₂层中的浓度分布有个陡峭的边界;对于掩蔽失效情形,在靠近SiO₂-Si交界面约0.1微米的SiO₂层内,磷的浓度显著地降低,出现一个明显的交界层,在交界层以外的SiO₂层中磷的浓度是均匀的和恒定的,而交界层中磷的浓度及磷在Si中的表面浓度都随时间的延长而显著地升高,文中对所得的结果作了简单讨论。