气液混输悬链线立管系统两相流特性实验

严重段塞流是海洋工程气液混输管线--立管系统中常见的一种特殊有害流动现象, 采用水平--下倾--悬链线立管气液混输组合管道系统, 通过系列实验在悬链线立管中获得了严重段塞流、间歇流和震荡流等流型, 阐述了这些流动现象的形成机理, 提出了能够产生严重段塞流的判定准则. 结果表明, 悬链线立管严重段塞流具有明显周期性, 在一个周期内的流动特征可分为液塞形成、液体出流、液气喷发及液体回流等4个阶段, 进而给出了各阶段中相关流动参数的变化规律. 在实验中同时还对悬链线与垂直立管中严重段塞流形成机理进行了比较分析, 发现两者在液塞形成阶段有显著差别. 其中, 在悬链线立管中液塞形成之前首先需要经历一个气液混合液塞形成过程, 而垂直立管则没有这个过程.      

移动式无线激光通信基台结构与装调研究

针对近年各国对无线激光通信的应用越来越多,设计一款快速组网的无线激光通信基台。主要介绍了移动式无线激光通信基台的结构设计和5条光轴平行度的装调方法,满足系统通信的需要,同时对通信接收系统中直角棱镜的固定和调整机构做了介绍,并对5条光轴的平行度进行了简单的误差分析,可以满足系统的10平行度的要求。     

Point defect states of a hollow cylinder in two-dimensional phononic crystal

Point defect states in two-dimensional phononic crystal of a hollow mercury cylinder in a water host are studied.An improved plane expansion method combined with the supercell technique is used to calculate the band gaps and the pressure distribution at the defect position.The sonic pressure of defect modes shows that the waves are localized at or near the defect.As the filing fraction increases,more defect modes appear in the band gaps.     

电磁水处理对水环境及金属设备的影响

 水是冷冻冷却、中央空调、锅炉等中必需使用的导热介质,用于系统中的冷却或蓄能作用,但水长期储存于系统中会引起细菌、藻类滋生和设备腐蚀。有报道提出采用电磁水处理设备进行水处理可去垢灭菌藻并抑制金属腐蚀。本文以不锈钢水槽、电磁水设备、过滤芯柱、循环水泵等组成的实验平台为研究对象,通过跟踪测试水槽中水的硬度、溶解氧,以及分析水体的沉积物的化学组分和含量,评价电磁水处理对水环境及金属设备的影响。试验结果表明,电磁水处理对水体具有杀菌灭藻的功能,但同时也具有促进金属设备表面腐蚀的作用。     

基于PSW-DID模型的最严格水资源管理政策评估效应

水利是农业的命脉,农业节水灌溉是突破农业粮食生产的水资源瓶颈,2011年建立了最严格水资源管理制度。基于此,本文以塔里木河流域5个地州42个县市和兵团4个师为样本,使用倾向得分加权双重差分(PSW-DID)方法,从最严格水资源管理对扩大耕地灌溉面积以及促进农业发展两个方面,客观评价最严格水资源管理政策的实施效果。研究发现:(1)PSW-DID模型不仅解决了内生性问题,消除了样本选择性偏差,而且采用重叠权重实现了处理组与控制组之间的平衡,避免了PSM-DID模型中控制组样本损失,提升了估计的效率与稳健性;(2)最严格水资源管理红线的划定对耕地灌溉面积扩大有正向促进作用,政策实施效果因灌区类型、耕地类型不同而产生差异;(3)耕地灌溉面积扩大可以为最严格水资源管理政策在推动农业发展方面提供重要保障,在中型灌区实施该政策对农业生产总值的促进效果更加显著。     

Magnetotransport Properties of a Nodal Line Semimetal TiSi

We report the magnetoresistance(MR), de Haas-van Alphen(dHvA) effect and Hall effect measurements on a single crystal of TiSi, which is predicted to be a nodal line semimetal. With application of a magnetic field, a metal-to-insulator-like transition in ρ(T) and a nonsaturating MR are observed at low temperatures. The dHvA oscillations reveal a small Fermi-surface pocket with a nontrivial Berry phase. The analysis of the nonlinear Hall resistivity shows that TiSi is a multiband system with low carrier densities and high mobilities. All these results unambiguously prove the existence of Dirac fermions in TiSi.     

Light-scattering model for aerosol particles with irregular shapes and inhomogeneous compositions using a parallelized pseudo-spectral time-domain technique

To improve the modeling accuracy of radiative transfer, the scattering properties of aerosol particles with irregular shapes and inhomogeneous compositions should be simulated accurately. To this end, a light-scattering model for nonspherical particles is established based on the pseudo-spectral time domain(PSTD) technique. In this model, the perfectly matched layer with auxiliary differential equation(ADE-PML), an excellent absorption boundary condition(ABC) in the finite difference time domain generalized for the PSTD, and the weighted total field/scattered field(TF/SF) technique is employed to introduce the incident light into 3 D computational domain. To improve computational efficiency, the model is further parallelized using the Open MP technique. The modeling accuracy of the PSTD scheme is validated against Lorenz–Mie, Aden–Kerker, T-matrix theory and DDA for spheres, inhomogeneous particles and nonspherical particles, and the influence of the spatial resolution and thickness of ADE-PML on the modeling accuracy is discussed as well. Finally, the parallel computational efficiency of the model is also analyzed. The results show that an excellent agreement is achieved between the results of PSTD and well-tested scattering models, where the simulation errors of extinction efficiencies are generally smaller than 1%, indicating the high accuracy of our model. Despite its low spatial resolution, reliable modeling precision can still be achieved by using the PSTD technique, especially for large particles. To suppress the electromagnetic wave reflected by the absorption layers, a six-layer ADE-PML should be set in the computational domain at least.     

纳米材料改变岩石矿物润湿性的研究进展

在油气开采过程中,储层岩石润湿性变化能显著提高油气产量,因而改变润湿性技术具有很大的发展潜力.将储集层岩石润湿状态转变为亲水状态的新方法和新化学剂引起了石油研究人员的高度重视.纳米材料在其他科学领域已经有较广泛的应用,但其在石油开采中仍处在探索发展阶段.综述不同种类纳米材料在改变油气藏岩石矿物润湿性方面的研究进展,同时讨论两种岩石矿物类型(灰岩和砂岩),总结纳米粒子的种类、尺寸等因素对纳米材料性能的影响.重点介绍测量润湿性变化的两种方法,即动态测量法和静态测量法.通过将纳米材料和其他化学剂相组合,讨论不同类型流体和不同注入过程的岩心驱替试验.展望纳米材料在提高油气最终采收率方面的应用前景.     

GPS/GLONASS/BDS/Galileo数据质量的对比分析

论文采用MGEX（Multi-GNSS Experiment, MGEX）80个观测站点数据,选择数据利用率、周跳比和多路径效应等运用Anubis软件研究了定位性能的定量评价方法。结果表明,GPS、GLONASS和Galileo数据利用率的平均值均大于设置的阈值（80%）,而BDS数据利用率的平均值较低,仅为58.04%;周跳比平均值从大到小依次为Galileo、BDS、GPS和GLONASS;所有频点中,Galileo系统E5频点多路径效应平均值最小,GLONASS系统G1频点多路径效应平均值最大。以定位精度和收敛时间作为定量评价指标,分别选取数据质量不同的观测站进行静态模拟动态单系统精密单点定位解算,分析表明周跳比对定位精度的影响程度更为显著,数据利用率和多路径效应与收敛时长无显著关联,周跳比大的数据收敛快。     

Near-field characteristics of highly non-paraxial subwavelength optical fields with hybrid states of polarization

The vectorial structure of an optical field with hybrid states of polarization(So P) in the near-field is studied by using the angular spectrum method of an electromagnetic beam. Physical images of the longitudinal components of evanescent waves are illustrated and compared with those of the transverse components from the vectorial structure. Our results indicate that the relative weight integrated over the transverse plane of the evanescent wave depends strongly on the number of the polarization topological charges. The shapes of the intensity profiles of the longitudinal components are different from those of the transverse components, and it can be manipulated by changing the initial So P of the field cross-section. The longitudinal component of evanescent wave dominates the near-field region. In addition, it also leads to three-dimensional shape variations of the optical field and the optical spin angular momentum flux density distributions.