透水性对丁坝周围能量变化的影响试验研究

丁坝是航道整治常用的整治建筑物之一,实际工程中其多由块石抛筑而成并具有一定的透水性.通过水槽概化模型试验和理论分析相结合的方法,研究了不同空隙尺寸和不同空隙率条件对坝身段、坝头前端和主流带区能量变化的影响,结果表明:透水丁坝在坝身段空隙尺寸越小,水流通过损耗位能越少;坝头前端动能与空隙尺寸成反比,与空隙率成正比;主流带区,空隙尺寸和空隙率的变化对位能影响不明显,对动能影响明显.研究成果对于深刻认识实际丁坝工程失稳机理具有重要意义,并可为丁坝设计和修复提供技术支撑.     

微波照射下钢筋混凝土黏结强度损伤演化

为了寻求一种在钢筋混凝土结构中无噪、无尘的钢筋回收方法,将钢筋混凝土试件经不同功率微波照射后,通过钢筋拉拔试验测试微波对钢筋与混凝土界面黏结强度的影响,并绘制黏结应力-钢筋滑移量(τ-s)曲线。结合理论分析,推导出微波作用下钢筋与混凝土黏结界面损伤演化方程,绘制出损伤演化特征曲线。研究结果表明:5 000 W微波照射后,黏结强度仅为0 W微波照射后的1/3。在微波照射下黏结强度显著降低,且黏结强度对1 500～3 500 W的微波变化较敏感。随微波功率提高,拉拔破坏形式由拉拔劈裂逐渐转变为拉拔滑移,高功率微波照射后,混凝土在不发生拉拔劈裂的情况下能直接将钢筋拔出。通过有限元软件对试验过程进行模拟,模拟结果与试验结果相符。     

等离子辅助后处理对锰掺杂氮化钛薄膜磁特性的影响

The ferromagnetic manganese doped TiN films were grown by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy on MgO(001) substrates. The nitrogen concentration and the ratio of manganese at Ti lattice sites increase after the plasma annealing post treatment. TiN(002) peak shifts toward low angle direction and TiN(111) peak disappears after the post treatment. The lattice expansion and peak shift are mainly ascribed to the reduction of nitrogen vacancies in films. The magnetism was suppressed in as-prepared sample due to the pinning effect of the nitrogen vacancies at defect sites or interface. The magnetism can be activated by the plasma implantation along with nitrogen vacancies reduce. The decrease of nitrogen vacancies leads to the enhancement of ferromagnetism.     

κ-卡拉胶协同三硝基苯磺酸致鼠结肠炎症的研究

为了研究κ-卡拉胶(CGN)协同加强三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)对BALB/c小鼠结肠炎症的作用, 利用TNBS诱导BALB/c小鼠结肠炎模型, 分析了κ-卡拉胶处理后, 小鼠存活率及组织学变化, 随后应用表达谱芯片技术分析差异表达基因. 结果发现, κ-卡拉胶增加了TNBS诱导的小鼠死亡率及结肠损伤. 芯片数据发现: κ-卡拉胶协同TNBS处理后, 较之TNBS处理组出现619个变化基因, 部分炎症相关基因继续上调, 炎症应答程度出现增强. 而κ-卡拉胶单独处理不具有致炎性, 仅影响代谢系统等相关基因的变化. 表明κ-卡拉胶可通过增强上调炎症相关基因, 加重TNBS诱导小鼠结肠炎症反应.     

Adsorption and Reaction of CO on （100） Surface of SrTiO3 by Density Function Theory Calculation

Adsorption and reaction of CO on two possible terminations of SrTiO3 （100） surface are investigated by the first-principles calculation of plane wave ultrasoft pseudopotentiai based on the density function theory. The adsorption energy, Mulliken population analysis, density of states （DOS） and electronic density difference of CO on SrTiO3 （100） surface, which have never been investigated before as far as we know are performed. The calculated results reveal that the Ti-CO orientation is the most stable configuration and the adsorption energy （0.449eV） is quite small. CO molecules adsorb weakly on the SrTiO3 （100） surface, there is predominantly electrostatic attraction between CO and the surface rather than a chemical bonding mechanism.     

First-Principles Calculation of Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of Sb-Doped ZnO

The geometric structure, electronic structure, optical properties and the formation energy of Sb-doped ZnO with the wurtzite structure are investigated using the first-principles ultra-soft pseudo-potential approach of plane wave based upon the density functional theory. The calculated results indicate that the volume of ZnO doped with Sb becomes larger, and the doping system yields the lowest formation energy of Sb on the interstitial site and the oxygen site. Furthermore, Sb dopant first occupies the octahedral oxygen sites of the wurtzite structure. It is found that Sb substituting on oxygen site behaves as a deep acceptor and shows the p-type degenerate semiconductor character. After doping, the electron density difference demonstrates the considerable electron charge density redistribution, which induces the effect of Sb-doped ZnO to increase the charge overlap between atoms. The density of states move towards lower energy and the optical band gap is broadened. Our culated results are in agreement with other experimental results and could make more precise monitoring and controlling possible during the growth of ZnO p-type materials.     

草原火烧后植物的养分损失

草原植物火烧后剩下７．５％,即损失了９２．５％的地上现存量。不同元素的火听信经差异显著,碳元素损失量大,其次是氮元素,而磷元素的损失相对较小,金属元素中损失最大的钾,轻金属元素与重金属元素相经 失要大得多,多年生植物的火员失率低于一年生植物。     

草原火烧后群落小气候的变化

草原火烧后,次年群落内相对湿度、温度、风速和光照等小气候特征都发生了不同程度的变化。这些变化受群落内枯草的有无和土壤热状况影响。     

草原火烧后地温的变化

草原火烧后,火烧地白天土壤地表温度比未烧地高,夜间比未烧地低,导致火烧地昼夜温差加大。地表层以下,火烧温度的日变化恒高于未烧地。     

NiAl合金(B_2结构)的偏析现象

采用ＬＭＴＯ ＣＰＡ方法,计算了ＮｉＡｌ合金(Ｂ２结构)在成分无序情况下的热力学性质,并讨论了ＮｉＡｌ合金的偏析现象·理论结果表明,当Ｎｉ的成分小于３５％(原子分数)时,则ＮｉＡｌ合金表面出现Ａｌ的偏析现象,当Ｎｉ的成分大于３５％(原子分数)时,则出现Ｎｉ的偏析现象·