冬春大棚蔬菜的两病防治

冬春大棚蔬菜,极容易患猝倒病和立枯病两大病害。番茄、茄子、 辣椒、瓜类 等,在苗床期 和生长期患 病后都可造 成较缺苗或 幼苗成片死 亡。为保证大 棚蔬菜的早 熟和稳产、高 产,必须重视 搞好两大病 害的防治。     

关于稀溶液依数性讲解中的几个问题讨论

就大一化学中稀溶液依数性讲解中依数性概念、蒸气压下降原因、渗透压定义以及几个图解中存在的问题进行讨论并提出了见解。     

再论实习心理的调适与强化

在１９８９年进行的“实习心理调适与强化”的课题研究基础上，以实际调查数据为根据，运用心理学理论，结合多年的工作经验，分析了如何从心理调适着手，强化实习效果的问题，并提出了一些建设性意见。     

对初中螺线管磁场及其演示实验的探讨

1初中课程中的螺线管磁场及其演示实验 1979年人民教育出版社出版了文革以后的第一套全国统编教材，书中安排了如图1所示的演示实验．书中的文字说明是：“如图5—27（图5—27是教科书插图编号——笔者）所示，给螺线管通电，铁块受到螺线管的吸引使弹簧伸长．调节变阻器，改变通过螺线管的电流强度，可以看到电流越强，弹簧被拉伸得越长．这表明通过螺线管的电流越强它的磁性也越强．如果换用匝数不同的螺线管而保持通过螺线管的电流强度跟前面的实验一样，     

三元配合物RE [(Pdtc)3(phen)]热化学性质的规律性

Treatment of hydrate rare-earth(RE=La,Pr,Nd,Sm-Lu)chloride with ammonium pyrrolidinyldithiocarboxy-late(apdtc)and 1,10-phenanthroline(phen)gave rise to thirteen complexes with an empirical formulaRE[(pdtc)_3(phen)].The enthalpies of solution of hydrate rare-earth(RE= Sm-Ho,Tm-Lu)chloride,apdtc and phenin ethanol were measured by an RD-496 Ⅲ microcalorimeter at 298.15 K,along with the mixing enthalpy of etha-nol solution of APDC and that of phen and the enthalpies of reaction of formation of the title complexes in ethanol.The enthalpies of reaction of formation of the title complexes in solid were available through a rationally thermo-chemical cycle.Using an RD-496 Ⅲ microcalorimeter,a model was developed for calculating the specific heat ca-pacity and the responding specific heat capacity of the complexes were determined.The thermochemical properties,including the enthalpies of solution of hydrate rare earth chloride in ethanol,the enthalpies of reaction of formationof the title complexes in ethanol,the enthalpies of reaction of formation of the title complexes in solid,the specialheat capacities at room temperature,the standard molar enthalpies of combustion and the standard molar enthalpiesof formation for this series of complexes versus the atomic numbers of rare earth,presented triplet effect,which isrepresentative of certain covalent bond between RE and the ligands and the result of 4f electron not shielded fullyby 5s5p.     

磁性高分子微球

对磁性高分子微球的研究现状进行了综述,详细探讨了目前常用的各种合成制备方法,并对各种方法的优缺点进行了分析。在此基础上,对磁性高分子微球在细胞分离、有机合成、环境/食品微生物检测等领域的最新应用进展及存在的问题进行了分析,指出了该领域今后的研究方向。     

“双一流”背景下化学本科人才培养创新路径探索*

人才培养是高校的核心使命和必然要求。在“双一流”建设背景下,国家对高校人才培养提出了新要求。西北大学化学与材料科学学院围绕“培养什么人”“怎样培养人”,对本科人才培养不断进行探索和创新,搭建 “以本科生导师制为核心”的科研训练体系,“以拓展学术视野为核心”的国际化培养体系,“以调动教师教学投入为核心”的评价激励体系,“以提升创新意识为核心”的实践育人体系等措施,实现高校理科人才培养的创新发展。     

Lu(Et2dtc)3(phen)的生成反应焓变、摩尔热容和恒容燃烧能测定

A ternary solid complex Lu(Et₂dtc)₃(phen) has been obtained from the reaction of hydrated lutetium chloride with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (NaEt₂dtc), and 1,10-phenanthroline (o-phen·H₂O) in absolute ethanol. IR spectrum of the complex indicates that Lu³⁺ binds with sulfur atom in the Na(Et₂dtc)₃ and nitrogen atom in the o-phen. The enthalpy change of liquid-phase reaction of formation of the complex, Δ_rH_m^Ө (l), was determined to be (-32.821 ± 0.147 ) kJ·mol^-1 at 298.15 K by an RD-496 Ⅲ type heat conduction microcalormeter. The enthalpy change of the solid-phase reaction of formation of the complex, Δ_rH_m^Ө (s), was calculated to be (104.160 ± 0.168) kJ · mol^-1 on the basis of an appropriate thermochemistry cycle. The thermodynamics of liquid-phase reaction of formation of the complex was investigated by changing the temperature of liquid-phase reaction. Fundamental parameters, such as the activation enthalpy (ΔH_≠^Ө), the activation entropy (ΔS_≠^Ө), the activation free energy (ΔG_≠^Ө), the apparent reaction rate constant (k), the apparent activation energy (E), the pre-exponential constant (A) and the reaction order (n), were obtained by combination the reaction thermodynamic and kinetic equations with the data of thermokinetic experiments. The molar heat capacity of the complex, c_m, was determined to be (82.23 ± 1.47) J·mol^-1·K^-1 by the same microcalormeter. The constant-volume combustion energy of the complex, Δ_cU, was determined as (-17 898.228 ± 8.59) kJ·mol^-1 by an RBC-Ⅱtype rotating-bomb calorimeter at 298.15 K. Its standard enthalpy of combustion, Δ_cH_m^Ө, and standard enthalpy of formation, Δ_fH_m^Ө, were calculated to be (-17 917.43 ± 8.11) kJ·mol^-1 and (-859.95 ±10.12) kJ·mol^-1, respectively.     

分散聚合法制备聚丙烯酰胺水包水乳液

采用甲醇一水为分散介质,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为稳定剂,过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,用分散聚合的方法制备了聚丙烯酰胺水包水乳液。研究了醇／水比、稳定剂的种类和用量对聚丙烯酰胺水包水乳液稳定性的影响及单体浓度、引发剂用量和聚合温度对分散聚合法制备聚丙烯酰胺反应速率及分子量的影响。