基于支持向量机的古名瓷分类研究

选取84个汝官瓷和钧官瓷样品进行质子激发X射线荧光分析(简称PIXE),测得每个样品胎和釉的7种主量化学组成含量.用支持向量机建立汝官瓷和钧官瓷分类模型,结果表明:只要正确选择核函数和SVM算法,胎釉样品的分类结果就会比较理想.支持向量机是一种很有价值的处理古陶瓷数据的新方法.     

Neutron activation analysis of sources of raw material of Emperor Qin Shi Huang’s Terracotta warriors and horses

There have been selected 83 samples of terracotta warriors and horses of Emperor Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum, 20 samples of clays taken from around Qin's Mausoleum and 2 samples of Yaozhou porcelain bodies. All these samples have been measured by instrument neutron activation analysis (INAA) and as many as 32 kinds of element contents of each sample are measured. The following conclusion has been reached when fuzzy cluster analysis is conducted to element contents of all these samples: (i) The samples are roughly classified into five categories: namely, samples from pits No. 1 and No. 2; samples from pit No. 3; loam layers; the mixture of loam and loess; and Yaozhou porcelain bodies. (ii) The terracottawarriors and horses in pits No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 are relatively independent from one another. The clays from which they were made are not entirely identical.We have found that samples in pit No. 3 are very closely related and their claysources are comparatively concentrated. Samples in pits No. 1 and No. 2 are less related and their clay sources are comparatively scattered. (iii) The clays from which the terracotta warriors and horses were made are closely related to theloam layer near Qin's Mausoleum, particularly to the loam layer of Zaoyuan village and Gaoxing village, but they are not so related to loess layers there, nor to the loam layers of Anhoubao, even less related to Yaozhou porcelain bodies. Arational deduction thus drawn is that the raw material of clays from which the terracotta warriors and horses were made might probably be taken from loam layers around Zaoyuan and Gaoxing, or loam layers near Qin's Mausoleum whose properties are identical with those of loam layers of Zaoyuan and Gaoxing, rather than loess layers around the above places. Since the raw material of the terracotta warriors and horses was taken from loam near Qin's Mausoleum, it could be deductedthat the kiln sites might be located in around Qin's Mausoleum.     

巫山大溪遗址以鱼随葬的原始宗教意识与巫术

巫山大溪文化遗址是新石器时代中晚期的原始社会文化遗存,既提供了大量大溪原始人物质生存方式与状态的铁证,还隐含着不少原始先民精神生活状态的特殊意涵。巫山大溪原始社会的考古文物中,以鱼随葬的特殊形式承载着文明时代早期原始宗教意识和巫术的文化因子。     

秦始皇陵兵马俑原料的模糊聚类分析

选取秦始皇陵兵马俑样品83个,秦始皇陵附近的粘土样品20个,耀州瓷胎样品2个,用中子活化分析(NAA)测量样品中32种微量元素的含量,将这些数据进行模糊聚类分析,得到动态聚类分析图.结果表明,一、二、三号坑的兵马俑样品各有相对的独立性,它们所用粘土不完全相同;兵马俑样品与秦始皇陵附近的垆土关系极为密切,与秦始皇陵附近的黄土关系不太密切,与耀州瓷胎无关.这说明兵马俑的原料可能取自骊山地区的某些垆土层,烧制兵马俑的窑址可能也在秦始皇陵附近.     

用指纹元素散布分析研究古耀州瓷胎的起源

选取耀州窑瓷胎样品25个，唐三彩的胎3个，作坊匣钵料样品1个，耀州博物馆附近粘土矿样品4个．用中子活化分析测量样品中29种元素的含量，从这29种元素中挑选出8种指纹元素，将指纹元素的含量进行散布分析．结果表明，出自不同窑口的古耀州瓷的胎，有着长期稳定的、集中的原料产地．耀州窑唐三彩的胎料产地和耀州瓷胎的原料产地相同．25 samples of Yaozhou porcelain bodies, 3 samples of the tri-color pottery bodies during the Tang Dynasty, 1 samples of Saggar material during Song Dynasty and 4 samples of clay mineral taken from the place near Yaozhou Kiln Museum was selected . The technique of neutron activation analysis (NAA) has been employed to measure the content of 29 kinds of elements in the samples. 8 elements of them were selected as fingerprint elements to make scatter analysis.The conclusion is that the ancient Yaozhou por...     

李白《梦游天姥吟留别》的道教文化阐释

从地理人文学角度考察，天姥山一带具有浓厚的道教文化色彩，“天姥”即西王母的别称；李白诗中仙境的艺术原型是教道篷瀛、。金阙、西王母等宗教传说故事的结晶。天姥山是诗人梦游的浪漫起点和辉煌归宿，辉煌仙境瞬间破灭的悲剧成困在于道教文化与儒家文化本身的巨大矛盾，以及诗人道教文化人格与儒家文化人格之间存在着的剧烈的人性冲突。     

清凉寺汝官窑和钧台钧官窑的起源

选取11个清凉寺窑汝官瓷,11个钧台窑钧官瓷的釉和胎样品进行中子活化分析,测定每个样品的36种微量元素的含量,将这些测量数据进行指纹元素分析,分别得到它们的胎和釉指纹元素散布图,以确定它们的起源关系.结果表明,清凉寺窑汝官瓷和钧台窑钧官瓷的胎、釉原料来源明显不同.汝官瓷和钧官瓷的胎釉料配方也是不同的,"钧汝不分"之说不适合于清凉寺汝官窑与钧台钧官窑.     

论佛教哲学与孟郊的诗歌

诗人孟郊与佛僧的交游赠答诗较多,这类作品渗透了一些禅宗、华严宗以及《维摩诘经》、《小品般若》的佛教哲学思想,反映出佛教哲学对孟郊的一定影响。     

秦始皇陵三号坑兵马俑的指纹元素散布分析

为研究秦始皇兵马俑三号坑原料产地,选取秦始皇三号坑的陶俑和陶马样品42个,秦始皇兵马俑博物馆附近粘土样品20个,用中子活化分析测量样品中32种微量元素的含量,从这32个元素中挑选出8种指纹元素的含量进行散布分析.结果表明三号坑兵马俑样品与秦始皇陵附近的垆土关系密切,与黄土关系稍远.由此推断,三号坑兵马俑的原料来源可能是骊山地区的粘土,烧制兵马俑的窑址也可能在秦始皇陵附近. Terracotta warriors and horses of Qin Shihuang s Mausoleum is famous in the world, but their original place of raw material is still a riddle up to now. 42 samples of pottery warriors and horses of Qin Shihuang s Mausoleum in pit No.3, 20 samples of clay nearby Museum of the terracotta warriors and horses of Qin Shihuang s Mausoleum are selected and prepared for analysis. The contents of 32 microelement are measured by neutron activation analysis (NAA), the eight elements are chosen as the...     

古陶瓷研究中的模糊聚类分析算法

介绍一种具体的模糊聚类分析数学模型和程序设计方法,对古钧瓷胎和釉的36种微量元素进行了分析,得到了古钧瓷胎和釉的原料产地和分类的信息。