红霉素全合成取得成功

红霉素(Erythromycin I)是目前最重要的抗菌素之一。其全合成工作最近已在美国哈佛大学伍德沃德(Woodward)生前曾领导的研究组中获得成功。红霉素结构上属于大环内酯类抗菌素,在十四元内酯环上连接有两个特殊的糖分子。分子中共18个不对称碳     

结构局部非线性修改灵敏度分析及其应用

以线性系统的非线性修改方法为基础，导出了局部非线性振动的灵敏度分析方法；提出了灵敏度为指导的优化设计思想，并将其应用于大型结构上的局部非线性因素的优化设计。文中介绍一些典型非线性特征的数学描述。最后，本文以火炮结构中的炮口振动为例，提出在炮口处增设炮口减振器的设计思想，并用本文方法对炮口减振器的参数进行优化设计，得到满意的结果。     

“日本大学基础物理教育”调研项目已告结束

日本大学中基础教学的调研项目，在1990-1993年阈实施。该项目由筑波大学原康夫教授主持领导，科研经费由日本政府的科、教、文部省专款拔给。参加该项目工作的，有来自各类大学从事物理教学的二十九位教授。他们叉组成几个工作小组，从事下述调研：     

日本教科书的审定制度

在日本，所有的学生直到第十二年级，都必须购买他们所在学校学习的各门教科书。对于小学生(从一年级到六年级)，由教育部(MOE)购买教科书免费分发给他们。许多出版公司出版了多种版本的教科书，例如，七家出版公司新出版了教学计划规定学科之一的十种不同版本的高中《物理学1B》教科书。     

Effects of reagent's rotational and vibrational excitations on reaction O(3P) + H2 H2(ν = 0, 3, j = 0, 3; 5; 7; 9; 12; 15) → OH + H

To investigate the effect of reagent's rotational and vibrational excitations on the stereo-dynamics of reaction product, the title reaction is theoretically simulated using the quasi-classical trajectory (QCT) method on the ³A" and ³A′ potential energy surfaces (PESs). The reaction cross section is considered as the only scalar property in this work at four different collision energies. Furthermore the vector properties including two polarization-dependent differential cross sections (PDDCSs), the angular distributions of product' rotational momentum are discussed at one fixed collision energy. Effects of reagents' rotational excitation on the reaction do exist regularly.     

Probing the QCD phase structure with higher order baryon numbersusceptibilities within the NJL model

Conserved charge fluctuations can be used to probe the phase structure of strongly interacting nuclear matter in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. To obtain the characteristic signatures of the conserved charge fluctuations for the quantum chromodynamics(QCD) phase transition, we study the susceptibilities of dense quark matter up to eighth order in detail, using an effective QCD-based model. We studied two cases, one with the QCD critical end point(CEP) and one without owing to an additional vector interaction term. The higher order susceptibilities display rich structures near the CEP and show sign changes as well as large fluctuations. These can provide us information about the presence and location of the CEP. Furthermore, we find that the case without the CEP also shows a similar sign change pattern, but with a relatively smaller magnitude compared with the case with the CEP. Finally, we conclude that higher order susceptibilities of conserved charge can be used to probe the QCD phase structures in heavyion collisions.     

自组织生长InAs/GaAs量子点发光动力学研究

介绍了最新发展的粒子数混合超快光谱测量技术,以及采用该技术对自组织生长InAs/GaAs量子点发光动力学的研究结果.实验发现,自组织InAs/GaAs量子点结构的发光寿命大约为1ns,与InAs层厚度关系不大;激子寿命与温度有一定的关系,但没有明显的实验证据表明与量子点的δ态密度有关;用粒子数混合技术,实验上可直接观察到量子点中载流子在激发态能级的态填充过程. 关键词：     

对“中学物理教学中关于‘变化的电场产生磁场’的实验”一文的一些意见

物理通报1964年第5期发表了吴启垿、张忠安两位同志的“中学物理教学中关于‘变化的电场产生磁场’的实验”一文,文中所介绍的实验是很有启发性的,它指出我们做好一些重要演示实验的方向,即设法把一些抽象的、不易为学生所掌握的重要概念用简单明了的演示表达出来,从而进一步提高教学质量。但是,就这一具体的演示实验来说,我觉得还有一些怀疑的地方及不同的看法,愿与吴、张两位同志商榷。原文介绍的装置,是把感应圈的副线圈两接线柱连到一个大型的平行板电容器的两极板     

Revisiting Chiral Extrapolation by Studying a Lattice Quark Propagator

The quark propagator in the Landau gauge is studied on the lattice, including the quenched and the unquenched results. No obvious unquenched effects are found by comparing the quenched quark propagator with the dynamical one. For the quenched and unquenched configurations, the results with different quark masses have been computed. For the quark mass function, a nonlinear chiral extrapolating behavior is found in the infrared region for both the quenched and dynamical results.     

涡轮增压器正常使用的影响因素及预防

在来厂修理的车辆中,盖瑞特增压器失效很多。本文从维修实际出发,总结在修理过程中分析涡轮增压器使用的影响因素,并提出增压器车辆发动机如何注意正确使用与维护。