亚热带森林转换对凋落叶分解过程中土壤无脊椎动物群落结构的影响

以地带性植被建群种米槠(Castanopsis carlesii)的凋落叶为研究对象,采用不同孔径凋落物袋排除土壤无脊椎动物的方法,分析常绿阔叶林转换为米槠人工林后凋落叶分解过程中土壤无脊椎动物群落结构、多样性和功能群。以米槠凋落叶完全分解为研究期间,共捕获土壤无脊椎动物6 417头,隶属3门12纲27目114科,其中白蚁科为优势类群。2种林分凋落叶分解过程中总的、大型土壤无脊椎动物丰度均于30 d到达峰值,而中小型为15 d,类群数均在91 d达到峰值,整体的动态变化规律较为相似。常绿阔叶林转换为人工林后,土壤无脊椎动物丰度和类群数显著降低,其中中小型土壤无脊椎动物丰度的响应更为迅速,降低了33.67%;林型转换后,土壤无脊椎动物各功能群个体数量均有所减少,其中杂食性土壤无脊椎动物对林型转换最为敏感,降幅达37.85%;土壤无脊椎动物群落的多样性指数、丰富度指数、优势度指数和均匀度指数也均有所降低。冗余分析表明,土壤有机碳含量和土壤温度是调控凋落叶分解过程中土壤无脊椎动物群落结构的主要因子,总解释率达22.4%。可见,亚热带常绿阔叶林转换为人工林的森林林型转换会导致森林地表理化特征变...     

农用地分等定级估价元数据管理系统的设计与实现

元数据是数字地球中实现空间信息共享的主要解决途径之一．基于元数据的概念提出了农用地分等定级估价元数据的内容；运用XML描述和设计农用地分等定级估价元数据管理系统（CLMDMs）；采用Visual C#实现农用地分等定级估价元数据管理系统的功能模块．在此基础上探讨了农用地分等定级估价元数据管理系统的实现过程．对于农用地分等定级估价信息共享和成果应用具有重要的理论和现实意义．     

10Be中子谱因子的实验研究

核谱因子描述了单粒子轨道中核子的占有状态,在核结构和核天体物理中有重要的应用。目前国际上10Be中子谱因子的研究结果存在3倍左右的差异。本实验利用中国原子能科学研究院HI-13串列加速器的高灵敏度Q3D磁谱仪,对13C（9Be,10Be）12C反应角分布进行了精确测量。通过实验数据和扭曲波玻恩近似（DWBA）计算结果进行比较,导出了10Be的中子谱因子。该结果与转动不变壳模型理论及曾敏尔等的评价结果基本一致。利用该结果可以得到9Be（n,γ）10Be的天体物理反应率,评价该反应在相关天体环境中对CNO循环种子核12C的影响,为核结构和核天体物理提供可靠数据。Spectroscopic factor describes the overlap between the initial and final states and gives some information on the occupancy of a given single-particle orbiting around nuclear. It plays an important role in a variety of topics on nuclear structure and nuclear astrophysics. Nowadays, several experiments have been performed to study the neutron spectroscopic factor of 10Be, but the results have a big difference with each other. In order to clarify this discrepancy, new measurement is highly needed. In this work, the angular distribution of 13C(9Be,10Be)12C reaction was measured at the Q3D magnetic spectrometer of the HI-13 tandem accelerator, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing. And then, the neutron spectroscopic factor of 10Be was derived by normalizing the calculational differential cross-sections with the distorted-wave Born approximation to the experimental data. The present value is in good agreement with that obtained by Tsang et al. and also in good agreement with that derived from translationary invariant shell model calculation. One can use this result to calculate the 9Be(n, γ)10Be reaction rates and calculate its influence to the production of 12C.     

Levels in 13N examined by 12C+p elastic resonance scattering with thick target

The elastic resonance scattering of ¹²C+p has been studied in inverse     

17F + p 厚靶实验对18Ne共振态性质的研究

实验通过17F+p共振弹性散射研究了复合核18Ne激发态中与天体核反应14O(α, p)17F相关的共振态性质。利用兰州放射性束流线(RIBLL)对弹核碎裂反应产生的放射性束17F进行了分离和提纯。经过降能后,能量为4.22 AMeV 的17F束流轰击在T2终端的厚氢靶(CH₂)_n上。　两套∆E-E Si探测器望远镜放置在两个不同的探测角度θ_lab≈2.3°和14°上,对反冲质子的角度和能量进行了测量。实验观测到了复合核18Ne的几条质子共振能级。通过R-Matrix理论程序对激发函数进行拟合,得到了共振态的能量、 自旋、 宇称和衰变宽度等共振参数。Resonant properties in18Ne relevant to the stellar reaction of 14O(α, p)17F have been investigated through a resonant elastic scattering of 17F+p. The 17F RI beam was produced via a projectile fragmentation reaction, and subsequently separated and purified by Radioactive Ion beam Line in Lanzhou(RIBLL). After a series of energy degradation,a 4.22 AMeV 17F beam bombarded a thick(CH₂)_ntarget at T2 terminal. Energy and angle of the recoiled protons were measured by two sets of ∆E-E silicon telescope at θ_lab≈2.3°,14° respectively. Several resonances in 18Ne were observed,and their resonant parametersincluding energy,spin parity and decay width have been determined by an R-Matrix analysis of the experimental excitation function.     

太谷县土石山区造林技术探析

分析了太谷县东部及南部土石山区立地类型,结合多年的工程造林经验,介绍了整地及栽植等环节的造林技术。     

Structure and visible photoluminescence of Sm3+, Dy3+ and Tm3+ doped c-axis oriented AlN films

Visible photoluminescence (PL) has been observed from rare earth (Tm, Sm and Dy)-doped AlN films grown by radio-frequency magnetron reactive sputtering. X-ray diffraction indicates that the films are c-axis-oriented hexagonal wurtzite type structure with an average crystal size of about 80--110nm. Room-temperature PL spectra indicate that the blue emission is due to the transition of ¹D₂ to ³F₄ and ¹G₂ to ³H₆ intra 4f electron of Tm³⁺, the yellow emissions of AlN:Sm are due to ⁴G_5/2 to the ⁶H_J (J = 5/2, 7/2, 9/2, 11/2) and the reddish emissions of AlN:Dy correspond to the ⁴F_9/2 to ⁶H_J (J = 15/2, 13/2, 11/2 and 9/2) and ⁶F_11/2 transitions.     

基于VNABC的多规格板材二维下料问题

针对二维下料问题板材单一的特点，研究了多规格板材二维下料问题。板材规格多样、毛坯规格多样且数量庞大，是NP(Non-deterministic Polynomial)完全问题。针对该问题的特点，将下料过程设计成规整和非规整两个阶段。规整阶段完成每种矩形毛坯的主体下料任务之后，如仍有毛坯剩余，则进入非规整阶段采用BL算法（Bottom Left Algorithm）下料剩余毛坯。根据模型特点，提出变邻域人工蜂群算法（VNABC），设计两种解码策略STD和SLD，并改进了VNABC算法的操作算子。最后，采用响应面分析法对VNABC算法进行参数标定。通过仿真实验将VNABC算法与遗传算法（GA）、改进粒子群优化算法（NUS）、模拟退火算法（SA）、人工蜂群算法（ABC）进行了对比分析，实验结果验证了VNABC解决多规格板材二维下料问题的优越性。