蔗糖测定的紫外分光光度新方法研究及应用

方法基于在酸性条件下,蔗糖水解生成果糖和葡萄糖,果糖受热破坏后,其产物在285nm处有较大的紫外吸收。通过试验,确定了最佳条件,并建立了测定蔗糖的新紫外分光光度法;其线性范围为0.27～31.2μg/mL,摩尔吸光系数ε为9.63×103L·mol-1·cm-1。该法简单、快速,准确度高,用于甘蔗汁中蔗糖含量的测定,结果满意。对蔗糖水解的机理进行了初步探讨。     

阴极材料LaFe0.8-xCuxNi0.2O3的合成和烧结性能

LaFe_0.8-xCu_xNi_0.2O₃ (x=0.0~0.2) (LFCN), a new cathode material of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), was synthesized by Co-precipitation method using sodium bicarbonate. The lattice structures of samples with different x contents were characterized by XRD. Porosity and density of the porous LaFe_0.8-xCu_xNi_0.2O₃ (x=0.0~0.1) as a function of sintering temperature were investigated. It was found that the orthorhombic structure could be formed after calcination at 900 ℃ for 4 h. The particle size of LFCN was about 350 nm. The density of the porous LFCN increased with sintering temperature, but the opposite was true for the porosity. On the other hand, at the same sintering temperature, the porosity of LaFe_0.8-xCu_xNi_0.2O₃ (x=0.0~0.1) decreased with increasing x contents. It is indicated that the dopant of Cu on LaFe_0.8Ni_0.2O₃ can facilitate the sintering of the materials. After sintering at 1 100 ℃ for 4 h, the porous LaFe_0.7Cu_0.1Ni_0.2O₃ was still with appropriate structure, and its porosity was 29%.     

催化新材料氮化钼和碳化钼的新进展

本文综述了近年来有关高比表面积氮化钼和碳化钼作为催化材料研究的新进展，着重对氮化钼的合成方法，ＭｏＯ３和ＮＨ３程序升温反应机理，以及γ－Ｍｏ２Ｎ，Ｍｏ２Ｃ和ＷＣ作为催化剂所涉及到的催化反应等方面进行了扼要介绍。     

a,a,a,b-ZnT(o-BocThr)APP对咪唑衍生物和氨基酸酯的分子识别研究

Molecular Recognition of α,α,α,β-ZnT（o-BocThr）APP （1） toward a series of imidazole derivatives and amino acid esters was investigated. Association constants were determined in chloroform by means of UV-Vis titration method. The association constants of 1 with imidazole derivatives are larger than those of 1 with amino acid esters. 1H NMR spectra were investigated to describe the binding mode of the recognition system, showing that all the protons of the guests were shifted to upfield. The circular dichroism spectra of 1-L-/D-ValOMe showed a split cotton effect in Soret region, while those of 1-L-/D-PheOMe showed no split cotton effect. Molecular modeling was performed to understand chiral recognition on a molecular level. Quantum chemical calculation was carried out based on the stable conformations of these recognition systems, which gave a reasonable explanation for the behavior of molecular recognition. The results indicated that the conformation of 1-D-ValOMe was more stable than that of 1-L-ValOMe.     

基于整体材料的固相萃取与毛细管电泳技术联合分离检测桑叶中的多酚类物质

采用甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)为单体、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂,合成了聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯-乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(poly(BMA-co-EDMA))整体柱,并将其作为固相萃取整体柱与毛细管电泳联用,建立了桑叶中芦丁、绿原酸、槲皮素等多酚物质的分离检测方法。考察了固相萃取条件如淋洗液种类、淋洗液流速和体积、洗脱液种类对萃取效率的影响,并采用毛细管电泳进行分离分析。结果显示,芦丁、绿原酸、槲皮素均在10～160μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数分别为0.995 5、0.998 5、0.999 5,检出限分别为4.65、1.12、3.49μg/mL,相对标准偏差分别为2.4%、0.98%、2.8%,平均回收率分别为94.7%、98.9%、102%。该固相萃取柱能有效富集和纯化桑叶中3种多酚物质。方法简便、快速、灵敏,适用于桑叶中3种多酚类物质的分离分析。     

Density Functional Study on the Mechanism of Collision Reaction among Protons, N2 and Water Vapor

The mechanism of collision reaction among protons, N2 and water vapor was theoretically studied using Density Functional Theory. The geometries of reactants, transition states, intermediates and products were optimized at the B3LYP/6-311 G^** level by the BERNY gradient analysis method. Transition states and intermediates have been identified by vibrational frequency analysis. The relationship among reactants, intermediates, transition states and products was affirmed by IRC calculation. The variations of energy and geometry along the IRC-determined reaction paths were described. The possible reaction pathways were represented and the optimal one was decided from the viewpoint of energy.     

掺杂氢氧化镍电子结构的量子化学DV-Xα方法研究

用量子化学DV-Xα方法计算氢氧化镍Ni7O12H122+、Ni6ZnO12H122+、Ni6CuO12H122+、Ni6CaO12H122+原子簇的电子结构. 通过对态密度、电荷集居数、净电荷、电荷密度差、电离能和跃迁能的分析表明, 在氢氧化镍中加入Zn、Cu能增强Ni原子与氧原子的相互作用, 强化Ni—O键, 提高了氢氧化镍结构的稳定性, 有利于延长其循环寿命; 而Ca的添加会减弱镍原子和氧原子间的相互作用. 添加Zn、Cu、Ca都能降低氢氧化镍的电离能, 提高跃迁能, 促进电子在体系中的传递, 有利于改善氢氧化镍电极的电化学性能. 但是, 过量的钙可能引起氢氧化镍的结构改变而使其失去电化学活性.     

延长油田递减规律与采收率研究

目的 对延长油田递减规律和采收率进行深入研究.方法 利用单井产量数据和双曲二元回归法分析延长油田的递减规律和采收率.结果 延长油田20世纪70年代及以前投产的油井递减期产量变化为双曲线递减;20世纪80年代投产油井递减期产量变化为幂指数递减;20世纪90年代投产油井递减期产量变化为类双曲递减.综合确定延长油田的最终采收率为10%.结论 递减规律和采收率等主要开发指标的研究为油田进一步科学、合理开发提供了重要依据.     

机翼载荷传递结构的质量估算

为了在机翼设计的初始阶段,给出比较准确的结构质量估算,在承载因子的基础上,结合变满应力理论与有限元技术,提出了一种采用承载因子系数进行质量估算的方法,并给出了其在桁条蒙皮式机翼结构中的应用方案.以5种外形相同但内部载荷传递结构不同的三角机翼为例,质量估算结果表明:在机翼设计的初始阶段,此方法不仅可以估算和比较不同承载结构方案的效率,同时也能预测出其相对更为准确的结构质量.     

环烷酸的分离与精制工艺

对环烷酸的分离和精制工艺进行了详细的阐述,环烷酸的分离包括碱洗,溶剂脱酸,精制工艺脱色、脱臭、脱除中性油、脱除脂肪酸,并对最新的二氧化碳萃取工艺作了介绍。文章最后对环烷酸盐的应用及发展方向作了展望。