熔石英元件HF刻蚀的实验研究

为深入了解熔石英元件化学刻蚀过程,研究了HF刻蚀反应机理、HF刻蚀工艺参数以及刻蚀对表面质量的影响规律。通过控制变量法,获得刻蚀速率随HF浓度、刻蚀温度以及NH4F浓度的变化规律。对刻蚀不同深度后的元件表面粗糙度、形貌、杂质含量以及激光损伤阈值进行了检测,实验结果表明：刻蚀速率受多种因素共同影响,其中HF浓度的促进作用最为显著;刻蚀后的熔石英表面形貌复杂,有横向、纵向、拖尾等形式的划痕,以及坑点、杂质等缺陷,其中横向划痕和纵向划痕占据了缺陷部分的主体,主要杂质铈元素随刻蚀时间的增长不断减少;激光损伤阈值测量实验表明,通过HF刻蚀将元件损伤阈值提高了59.6%。     

基于嵌入式系统的发射度测量仪

基于嵌入式系统的发射度测量仪采用法拉第筒测量方法,数据采样率达到200 kHz,设计有7个不同的电流采样量程。讨论了发射度测量仪的系统构成和工作原理,详细介绍了其数据采集系统的设计与制作。通过选用高速、低噪声的集成电路芯片并组合适当大小、适宜材料的电阻和电容构建模拟链路,贯穿于整个模拟链路的滤波设计和低噪声的模拟电源技术及屏蔽防护技术都保证了低噪声采集电路的实现。实验测试表明：在量程为10 nA时,该测量仪测量精度为1.47%,量程1 000 nA时则达到0.32%;采样20 kHz的正弦波信号失真度为6.5 dB;运动精度为1.25 m时,运动速度最高3.125 mm/s。     

基于多信息融合回流离子特性的实验研究

 简要介绍了回流离子特性参数的检测要求,分析了多种不同检测方法的特点,进行了离子检测综合实验方案的设计。介绍了激光干涉+分幅相机测量、法拉第筒测量、基于单晶硅片的固体径迹测量3种实验方法及实验结果的分析过程,对各自的原始实验数据进行了具体分析,给出了分析结果。对3种实验方法的分析结果,采用信息融合技术,对电子束打靶时所产生的回流离子的种类、运动速度和密度等特性给出了综合性的分析结论,有助于进一步正确认识束靶作用区的物理特性。     

电子束与靶作用产生的回流离子诊断方法初步研究

文章分析和介绍了国际上回流离子诊断的必要性和方法.针对回流离子主要参数(密度、运动速度、种类等)测量的需要,具体介绍了激光干涉测量法、法拉第筒测量法、Langmuir探针测量法、固体径迹测量法的基本原理、特点和局限性,并进行了具体实验方案的设计和可能实验结果的分析计算,其中提出了基于探针测量法测量回流离子的基本思想和实现方案.文章作者基于信息融合技术的基本思想,在对上述有关离子特性测量方法进行具体分析的基础上,提出了一个综合诊断方案,并对可能的结果进行了估计.     

BEPC-Ⅱ对撞区超导磁铁失超保护系统逻辑

在BEPCⅡ对撞区中采用了两块结构复杂的超导磁铁. 该超导磁铁的失超保护系统的逻辑将所有相关的故障分为两类, 并根据两类故障的紧急程度采取不同的保护措施. 因为BEPCⅡ有两种运行模式,所以该超导磁铁的失超保护系统还必须要考虑运行模式的切换问题.     

Study on incident laser modulation using surface micro-defects on KH2PO4 crystal

KH2PO4 crystal is a crucial optical component of inertial confinement fusion. Modulation of an incident laser by surface micro-defects will induce the growth of surface damage, which largely restricts the enhancement of the laser induced damage threshold. The modulation of an incident laser by using different kinds of surface defects are simulated by employing the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method. The results indicate that after the modulation of surface defects, the light intensity distribution inside the crystal is badly distorted, with the light intensity enhanced symmetrically. The relations between modulation properties and defect geometries （e.g., width, morphology, and depth of defects） are quite different for different defects. The modulation action is most obvious when the width of surface defects reaches 1.064 p-m. For defects with smooth morphology, such as spherical pits, the degree of modulation is the smallest and the light intensity distribution seems relatively uniform. The degree of modulation increases rapidly with the increase of the depth of surface defects and becomes stable when the depth reaches a critical value. The critical depth is 1.064 μm for cuboid pits and radial cracks, while for ellipsoidal pits the value depends on both the width and the length of the defects.     

Effect of structural parameters of Gaussian repaired pit on light intensity distribution inside KH_2PO_4 crystal

KH2PO4 （KDP） crystal with excellent optical properties is a very important element of inertial confinement fusion （ICF） device. However, KDP crystal surface micro-defects severely reduce the crystal laser damage threshold, affecting the crystal service life. In this paper, Gaussian repaired pit is used to replace the crystal surface micro-defects, in order to improve the laser damage resistance of the KDP crystal with surface micro-defects. At first, the physical model of Gaussian repaired pit is built by Fourier model method, and the accuracy of the method is analyzed. It is found that the calculation error can be reduced by increasing the product of the width-period ratio and the truncation constant of the repaired pit. The calculation results about the physical model of Gaussian repaired pit show that the light intensity distribution within the crystal is symmetrical, and there are evidently enhanced light intensity regions in the crystal. Meanwhile, the maximum relative intensity inside the KDP crystal decreases gradually with the increase of the width of the Gaussian repaired pit. Secondly, the Gaussian repaired pits with different widths and the same depth of 20 μm are processed by micro-milling. Their surfaces are very smooth and present the ductile cutting state under the microscope. Finally, the laser damage threshold of the Gaussian repaired pits on the surface of the KDP crystal sample is measured by a 3 ω, 6-ns laser. The results showthat the maximum threshold of the Gaussian repaired pits is 3.12 J/cm2, which is 60% higher than the threshold of initial damage point, and the laser damage threshold increases with the increase of the width of the Gaussian repaired pit.     

沥青水浆不同结构分散剂的成浆性能研究

对脱油沥青水浆中不同结构分散剂的成浆性能和分散剂用量进行了研究,并探讨了分散剂添加方法对沥青水浆的影响,提出了结构相似相容的沥青水浆的分散剂研制和选型方法以及分散剂最可几摩尔用量的概念。实验结果表明硬沥青水浆最佳分散剂应是自身改性的磺酸盐,符合沥青水浆HLB值要求。分散剂最可几用量的确定,有助于根据工业具体要求确定最佳用量,即流动性、稳定性都满足工业要求的分散剂最经济用量。所用分散剂溶于水,多段添加的湿式粉碎成浆可制取高浓度、低粘度、稳定性好的硬沥青水浆。     

中国高能同步辐射光源及其验证装置工程

同步辐射光源已成为众多学科前沿领域不可或缺的大科学装置.我国现有的同步辐射光源都是中、低能光源,然而与国家重大需求和工业核心创新能力相关的研究急需高性能的高能同步辐射光源支撑,因而建设一台高性能的高能同步辐射光源将为国家的重大需求提供重要支撑,并大大缩小我国与国际先进光源的差距.本文阐述了建设高能同步辐射光源的必要性及意义,分析了国内外同步辐射装置的发展现状,重点介绍了中国高能同步辐射光源的科学目标、初步方案和技术难点,并系统介绍了国家"十二五"重大科研基础设施发展规划中拟开展的高能同步辐射光源验证装置工程的建设目标和建设方案.