Ga掺杂δ-Pu的密度泛函理论计算

δ-Pu为Pu的高温相,掺杂少量的Ga即可使其在室温下稳定存在.本文采用密度泛函理论方法,对不同掺杂量体系进行晶体结构和电子结构计算,主要包括体系的晶格常数、密度、形成能、态密度、电荷密度和Mulliken布居分析.结果表明：在研究范围内,Ga掺杂后,体系晶格常数降低,密度增大,6.25%（原子百分比,下同）掺杂量体系的稳定性高于3.125%和12.5%掺杂量的体系;Ga掺杂使得Pu周围体系电子的局域性增强,成键能力增强,揭示了Ga稳定δ-Pu的电子机制.Ga和Pu之间为金属键,发生的作用主要由Pu的7s、6p、6d和Ga的4s、4p轨道电子贡献,但这种成键作用相对较弱,使得掺杂体系可以保持原有的力学性能和机械加工性能.Ga对δ-Pu的稳定作用主要在于改善Pu原子的成键性能,而不是与Pu原子直接成键.     

问题引导 强化课堂“ 目标意识” 打造有效习题课

目前仍有部分习题课教学停留在“ 低效率”的状态, 而有效课堂教学已成为新课程改革的焦点. 本文以 一道题目为例, 挖掘题目的内在价值, 强化教师和学生的课堂“ 目标意识” , 以实现高效习题课     

“ 自学 — 讨论 — 答辩 — 验收”教学模式初探

“ 教”是为了“ 不教” , 学生最终要走向飞速发展的社会, 自主学习能力、 团队合作能力就显得尤为重要. 在学校, 教师应该给学生创设一个学习的环境, 唤醒学生自主学习意识和团队合作意识; 使学生体会到学习的过程 不是一种苦役和负担, 而是一个探索发现的有意义的自我发展的过程. 笔者在单元教学中, 尝试给学生更多的时间 和空间, 让学生在自主学习中掌握知识, 学会合作, 努力探索培养学生自主学习能力的途径     

SBN晶体中Eu^3＋激光态^5D0的无辐射跃迁

通过测量＾５Ｄ０→７Ｆ２发射带的荧光寿命与晶体温度的依赖关系，研究了Ｅｕ＾３＋激发态＾５Ｄ０的无辐射跃迁。结果表明，＾５Ｄ０→Ｆ２带的温度淬灭效应主要是由于电荷转移态的最低能量太低，＾５Ｄ０态易被热激活至电荷转移，然后通过电荷转移无辐射驰豫至＾７Ｆ０态。     

Design, Fabrication and Measurement of Ni/Ti Multilayer Used for Neutron Monochromator

Ni/Ti multilayers, which can be used for neutron monochromators, are designed, fabricated and measured. Firstly, their reflectivities are simulated based on the Nevot-Croce model. Reflectivities of two Ni/Ti multilayer mirrors with periods d = 10.3 nm （M1） and d = 7.8 nm （M2） are calculated. In the calculation, the reflectivity of the Ni/Ti multilayer is taken as a function of the gazing angle with different roughness factors δ =1.0 nm and = 1.5 nm. Secondly, these two multilayers are fabricated by the direct current magnetron sputtering technology. Thirdly their structures are characterized by small-angle x-ray diffraction. The roughness factors are fitted to be 0.68 nm and 1.16nm for M1 and M2, respectively. Finally their reflective performances are measured on the V14 neutron beam line at the Berlin Neutron Scattering Centre （BENSC）, Germany. The experimental data show that the grazing angle of the reflected neutron intensity peak increases, but the reflected neutron intensity decreases, with the decreasing periods of the multilayers.     

火焰原子吸收分析中表面活性剂的增感和抑制干扰作用的机理研究

证实和补充了文献［１］建立的ＦＡＡＳ分析中表面活性剂的增感机理模型，并对ＦＡＡＳ分析中表面活性剂抑制共存元素干扰的作用和机理作了探讨。表面活性剂能抑制共存元素干扰的主要原因是其胶团能和被测元素的离子或干扰离子形成胶团化物；表面活性剂在火焰中中的不完全燃烧使火焰气体还原性增强，温度升高也是其抑制干扰的因素之一。     

Growth and Characterization of A1GaN/A1N/GaN HEMT Structures with a Compositionally Step-Graded A1GaN Barrier Layer

A new A1GaN/A1N/GaN high electron mobility transistor （HEMT） structure using a compositionally step-graded A1GaN barrier layer is grown on sapphire by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition （MOCVD）. The structure demonstrates significant enhancement of two-dimensional electron gas （2DEG） mobility and smooth surface morphology compared with the conventional HEMT structure with high A1 composition A1GaN barrier. The high 2DEG mobility of 1806 cm2/Vs at room temperature and low rms surface roughness of 0.220 nm for a scan area of 5μm×5 μm are attributed to the improvement of interracial and crystal quality by employing the stepgraded barrier to accommodate the large lattice mismatch stress. The 2DEG sheet density is independent of the measurement temperature, showing the excellent 2DEG confinement of the step-graded structure. A low average sheet resistance of 314.5Ω/square, with a good resistance uniformity of 0.68%, is also obtained across the 50 mm epilayer wafer. HEMT devices are successfully fabricated using this material structure, which exhibits a maximum extrinsic transconductance of 218 mS/ram and a maximum drain current density of 800 mA/mm.     

Magneto-Orientated Graphite Double-Layer Homo-Structure with Broadband Microwave Absorption

We utilized magnetic fields as an efficient tool to manipulate the orientation and electromagnetic properties of graphite micro-flakes(GMFs). As a result, we successfully developed a GMF double-layer homo-structure,which shows excellent electromagnetic absorption properties. By tuning the direction of a small magnetic field(850 G), vertical and horizontal aligned GMFs are produced. Their electromagnetic parameters are effectively tailored by this magneto-orientation effect, and the vertical and ...     

杭州城西科创大走廊引领浙江创新发展的路径研究及政策建议

杭州城西科创大走廊作为浙江具有重要影响力的科创中心,要立足创新资源集聚的现实,借鉴国际知名科创平台的成功经验,进一步凸显自身的产业技术优势,辐射带动浙江产业创新,实现区域间技术与产业的结合,在全省带动打造形成更多制造业创新中心。在政府层面,要实现区域联动发展,有必要在缩小区域间政策制度落差、推动跨区域财税分享、加强知识产权共保等方面发挥建设性作用。     

工业4.0背景下制造产线数字孪生体建模方法研究

信息物理系统（cyber physical system,CPS）的快速发展推动了传统制造产业的快速转型升级。为进一步完善智能制造产线CPS系统的建立,对国内外相关组织和机构对数字孪生定义的研究进行对比和分析,同时使用博图软件对某智能制造产线的数字孪生体进行搭建,构建该智能制造产线从生产、制造、加工、运输到仓储无人化的信息物理系统,并以其成品立体仓库为例进行实验,验证了CPS系统的可行性。为智能制造产线的迭代升级提供数据与现实基础。