Phase transition and critical behavior of spin–orbital coupled spinel ZnV_2O_4

We present the temperature-dependent susceptibility and specific heat measurement of spinel ZnV_2O_4.The structural transition with orbital ordering and the antiferromagnetic transition with spin ordering were observed at 50 K and 37 K,respectively.By analysis of the hysteresis behavior between the specific heat curves obtained in warming and cooling processes,the structural transition was confirmed to be the first-order transition,while the antiferromagnetic transition was found to be of the second-order type.At the structural transition,the latent heat and entropy change were calculated from the excess specific heat,and the derivative of pressure with respect to temperature was obtained using the Clausius-Clapayron equation.At the magnetic transition,the width of the critical fluctuation region was obtained to be about 0.5 K by comparing with Gaussian fluctuations.In the critical region,the critical behavior was analyzed by using renormalization-group theory.The critical amplitude ratio A~+/A~- = 1.46,which deviates from the 3D Heisenburg model;while the critical exponent α is-0.011,which is close to the 3D XY model.We proposed that these abnormal critical behaviors can be attributed to strong spin-orbital coupling accompanied with the antiferromagnetic transition.Moreover,in the low temperature range(2-5 K),the Fermi energy,the density of states near the Fermi surface,and the low limit of Debye temperature were estimated to be2.42 eV,2.48 eV~(-1),and 240 K,respectively.     

Quantum confinement and surface chemistry of 0.8–1.6 nm hydrosilylated silicon nanocrystals

In the framework of density functional theory(DFT), we have studied the electronic properties of alkene/alkynehydrosilylated silicon nanocrystals(Si NCs) in the size range from 0.8 nm to 1.6 nm. Among the alkenes with all kinds of functional groups considered in this work, only those containing –NH2and –C4H3S lead to significant hydrosilylationinduced changes in the gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO) of an Si NC at the ground state. The quantum confinement effect is dominant for all of the alkenehydrosilylated Si NCs at the ground state. At the excited state, the prevailing effect of surface chemistry only occurs at the smallest(0.8 nm) Si NCs hydrosilylated with alkenes containing –NH2and –C4H3S. Although the alkyne hydrosilylation gives rise to a more significant surface chemistry effect than alkene hydrosilylation, the quantum confinement effect remains dominant for alkyne-hydrosilylated Si NCs at the ground state. However, at the excited state, the effect of surface chemistry induced by the hydrosilylation with conjugated alkynes is strong enough to prevail over that of quantum confinement.     

CuPc/MoS2范德瓦耳斯异质结荧光特性

在众多二维材料中,过渡金属硫族化合物由于其具有独特的光电特性深受广大研究者喜爱.近年来,由二维过渡金属硫族化合物材料与有机半导体结合构建的范德瓦耳斯异质结受到极大的关注.这种异质结可以利用两者的优势对光电特性等性能进行调控,为许多基础物理和功能器件的构建提供了研究思路.本文构建了酞菁铜/二硫化钼(CuPc/MoS₂)范德瓦耳斯异质结,并对其荧光特性进行了表征和分析.与单层MoS₂相比较发现,引入有机半导体CuPc后,异质结当中发生了明显的荧光淬灭现象.通过荧光分析,该现象可以用引入CuPc后异质结中负三激子与中性激子之比增加来解释.此外,通过第一性原理计算分析发现,引入CuPc会在MoS₂的禁带中引入中间带隙态,使得CuPc与MoS₂之间产生非辐射复合,这同样会导致荧光淬灭的发生.CuPc/MoS₂异质结的荧光淬灭现象可以为同类型范德瓦耳斯异质结的光电特性调控研究提供参考和思路.     

一些溶液法生长的晶体非平衡枝状形貌及其对称性分类

本文基于一些简单的溶液法晶体生长实验及观察,对非平衡枝状晶体形貌进行了对称性探讨,并提出一种依据晶体的对称性对非平衡形貌进行分类的方案,即:形貌具各向异性且完全受晶体本身的对称性控制,称枝晶;形貌总体具各向同性但局部具各向异性,这种局部各向异性与晶体本身的对称不完全一样,但与晶体本身对称有关,称枝蔓晶;形貌具各向同性,不受晶体本身的对称控制,称密枝(或球粒晶).这一分类方案对进一步认清非平衡枝状形貌的本质特征、规范一些形貌术语有重要意义.     

基于光流的运动目标检测与跟踪

采用经典的光流计算方法,对运动目标检测与跟踪。经仿真实验验证算法具有精度高,计算速度快的特点。将算法引入到序列图像的运动目标提取,可以比较完整地从背景中提取出运动目标,并能够稳定跟踪序列图像中的运动目标。     

辉石的拉曼光谱

由拉曼光谱仪测试巨晶普通辉石及包体中的顽火辉石、透辉石拉曼光谱,描述了谱图的位置、形态和相对强度,分析了振动模式,同时对相应的离子基团如非桥氧Si—O—,桥氧Si—O0,O—Si—O,M—O做了谱带归属。通过不同切片方向的谱带强度相对大小及某些谱带的缺失,初步研究了辉石族矿物晶体结晶学定向问题。     

重庆库区典型松散土体的岩土力学参数敏感性试验分析

基于对重庆库区侏罗系泥岩典型风化松散土体大量的室内敏感性测试成果,比较详细地分析了天然容重、强度参数、渗透系数与含水量之间的基本关系,探讨了C、ψ随天然容重及含水量之间的变化特性,为散体滑坡的启动及稳定性分析奠定了参数基础.     

深部开采对地层变形及路基沉降影响研究

文章结合淮南矿务局张集矿井铁路专用线,进行研究区段的地层变形和路基沉降分析计算;分析了采煤高度、开采次数、开采位置对路基沉降的影响,得到路基的采动下沉情况,当路堤位于采空区中央时各项移动变形值较小,以此指导煤矿开采.     

距离徙动校正对SAR方位移频干扰的影响

从距离-多普勒成像算法入手,分析了距离徙动校正的过程,指出方位移频干扰在忽视SAR系统二维耦合特性的条件下,会引入距离徙动校正的误差。通过视角与多普勒的紧密关系,推导了以视角作为自变量的移频干扰距离徙动校正误差表达式,分别对各种变量关系下误差量、距离包络分布形式进行了讨论,并给出了方位频移干扰能够正确方位聚焦的频移区间。最后的仿真结果验证了本文内容的正确性,为移频干扰的工程实现和应用提供有力参考。     

汽车电子制动力分配的分级控制与仿真研究

解决制动初期的制动力分配难题对汽车安全性具有重要意义。在对汽车制动特性进行分析的基础上,提出含有控制级和协调级的电子制动力分配(EBD)分级控制方法,设计了基于模糊推理的各轮预分配制动力控制策略,并根据各轮参考滑移率对各轮预分配制动力进行调整。利用汽车电子控制单元的嵌入式系统开发平台,在不同条件下进行了汽车EBD与ABS硬件在回路仿真试验试验结果表明,EBD分级控制在制动初期ABS起作用前,能够有效调整汽车制动力分配,提高了整车制动的安全性。