竖炉散料层热交换公式的简化计算及应用讨论

在竖炉内散料层的逆流换热系统中存在这样一个炉气与炉料温度实际相等的区域，据炉气与炉料水当量的变化特征，本文在Ｂ．Ｈ基塔耶夫建立的逆流换热模型公式的基础上、整理出更为简单，清晰的竖炉散料层热交换的简化计算式，并进行了应用讨论。     

Automorphisms of PGL_2(K) over Any Skew Field K

<正> Let K be a skew field and Z be its center.The multiplicative groups of non-zero ele-ments of K and Z are denoted by K~* and Z~* respectively.Denote by GL_2(K) the groupof all 2×2 matrices over K and by PGL_2(K) the factor group of GL_2(K) modulo its ce-nter consisting of all elements of the form γI,where γ∈Z~* and I is the 2×2 identitymatrix.If K is commutative or is of characteristic≠0 the automorphisms of PGL_2(K)are already determined.In the present paper,we'll determine the automorphisms of PGL_2(K)     

用铜离子选择性电极测定矿石和土壤中的铜

目前,已试制出各种类型的铜离子选择性电极。本文报告用CuTe—Ag_2S制备的铜离子选择性电极测定铜的方法。研究了铜离子选择性电极的使用条件和干扰的消除,用于一些矿石和土壤中铜的测定,结果和铜试剂比色法一致。     

将来的金属

为什么许多单位(国防部、联合化学公司、海军科研部、国际商用机器公司、国家科学基金会、静电复印研究中心、空军材料实验室、贝尔实验室、柯达公司、伊克松(Exxon)公司、通用电气公司和威斯汀豪斯公司等)都对合成金属的研究提供大量的资金?因为他们知道将来的世界离不开会成金属. 简单地说冶成金属是这样的化合物,它所含的成分并不限于通常的金属元素,可是这些化合物在各方面的行为都和金属一样,尤其是它们能够导电. 合成金属的第一个重要成员是石墨(非金属)的夹层化合物.电工系的沃格(F.L.Vogel)博士从1973年以来一直致力于夹层化合物…     

Two-Player and Two-Strategy Symmetric Evolutionary Game with Fluctuations

Research on evolutionary games in a noisy environment is still a non-solved problem. By using Markov process, we build a dynamic model for two-player and two-strategy symmetric game in noisy environment. Some illustrative examples are presented and the results are determined by simulation experiments.     

酶催化动力学光度法测定锌

近年来酶法在分析测定方面的研究非常活跃,酶法测定锌已有报道,基本为终点测定法。本文中的研究是基于LDH催化下列反应：丙酮酸＋NADH=乳酸＋NAD^＋（氧化型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸）,锌离子的存在对酶催化反应具有抑制作用,反应速度的变化率与锌离子的浓度呈相关关系,从而可测定试样中的锌离子含量。本方法不需要底物转变完全,与终点测定法相比,可减少测定时间并节省酶量。     

改进混合蛙跳算法的研究

针对传统混合蛙跳算法(SFLA)在优化过程中出现的求解精度不高、收敛速度慢、算法易陷入局部最优的问题,本文经过改变种群个体的位置更新公式,提出一种改进混合蛙跳算法(ISFLA)。在种群个体位置更新公式中,引入自适应同步因子和惯性权重系数。通过引入自适应同步因子,控制青蛙寻优过程中的移动步长,改进算法的局部搜索范围,保持种群的多样性。通过引入惯性权重系数,加入上一次的移动距离,表示对过去的经验记忆,加快搜索速度。通过对6个测试函数的实验结果表明,改进后的混合蛙跳算法相较于传统混合蛙跳算法具有较好的寻优性能。     

差动光程差倍增法测量微小位移

基于差动光程差倍增法将微小位移转化为多倍光程差,通过电桥光电转换电路,得到干涉条纹数的变化.采用差动干涉方法,提高了光程改变量与位移量的比例,使微小位移的测量精度提高到亚微米量级.     

On the sensitive dynamical system and the transition from the apparently deterministic process to the completely random process

The detailed analysis of the dynamical process of coin tossing is made. Through calculations, it is illustrated how and why the result is extremely sensitive to the initial conditions. It is also shown that, as the initial height of the mass center of the coin increases, the final configuration, i.e. head or tail, becomes more and more sensitive to the initial parameters (the initial velocity angular velocity, and the initial orientation), the coefficient of the air drag, and the energy absorption factor of the surface on which the coin bounces. If we keep the head upward initially but allow a small range for the change of some other initial parameters, the frequency that the final configuration is head, would be 1 if the initial height h of the mass center is sufficiently small, and would be clo to 1/2 if h is sufficiently large. An interesting question is how this frequency changes continuously from 1 to 1/2 as h increases. Detailed calculations show that such a transition is very similar to the transition from laminar to turbulent flows. A basic difference between the transition stage and the completely random stage is indicated: In the completely random stage, the deterministic process of the individual case is extremely sensitive to the initial conditions and the dynamical parameters, out the statistical properties of the ensemble are insensitive to the small changes of the initial conditions and the dynamical parameters. On the contrary, in the transition stage, both the deterministic process of the individual case and the statistical properties of the ensemble are sensitive to the initial conditions and the dynamical parameters. The mechanism for this feature of the transition stage is the existence of the long-train structure in the parameter space. The illuminations of this analysis on some other random phenomena are discussed.